scholarly journals Relation of Reinforcement Sensitivity on Vocational Interest and Self-Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin F. Baker ◽  
Lisa M. Larson ◽  
Matthew T. Seipel
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Vocational Interest ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
Enterprising Self

Using the constructs of the behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS), as defined by the reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality, the purpose of this study was to determine new linkages between personality traits and interest/self-efficacy across Holland’s hexagon. Specifically, it was proposed that (a) the BAS would positively relate to global liking of vocational interest and negatively relate to global disliking of interest; (b) the BAS would positively relate to enterprising interest and social/enterprising self-efficacy; and (c) the BIS would negatively relate to realistic interest and self-efficacy in a sample of 265 college students. The hypotheses were mostly supported. The BAS was found to be meaningfully positively related to (a) global liking of vocational activities, (b) enterprising interest, and (c) social and enterprising self-efficacy. The BIS was found to be meaningfully negatively related to realistic interest but not realistic self-efficacy. Limitations, implications, and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Problems of the defining the dimensions of the Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory

Psihologija ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Smederevac ◽  
Dusanka Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity

Jeffrey Gray has modified Eysenck's system by rotating the dimensions of extraversion and neuroticism by 45 degrees, which resulted in two new dimensions: impulsivity (behavioral approach system) and anxiety (behavioral inhibition system). The main purpose of this study was to examine psychometric properties of the BIS/BAS scale, inventory for assessment of dimensions included in Gray's theory, in order to, also, test the foundation of the Gray's constructs themselves. 476 participants were included, age 17 to 77. All subjects completed The BIS/BAS scale (Carver & White, 1994) and The Big Five Inventory (BFI; John, Donahue & Kentle, 1991, according to: John & Srivastava, 1999). Analysis of the BIS/BAS scale failed to replicate the original four-factor solution. Three factors were extracted, named Behavioral inhibition system (BIS), BAS-Striving for excitement and BAS-Drive. Psychometric characteristics of the BIS/BAS scale are not satisfactory. Result of the joint factor analysis of dimensions of the BIS/BAS scale and dimensions of the BFI questionnaire are three factors named active striving for reward, sensation seeking and anxiety. In general results can be considered supportive rather to Eysenck than to Gray, but they could also be ascribed to the failure in questionnaire operationalisation of the constructs of Reinforcement sensitivity theory.

Validation of the Measure of Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Constructs

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snežana Smederevac ◽  
Dušanka Mitrović ◽  
Petar Čolović ◽  
Željka Nikolašević
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
Components Analysis

The paper presents validation of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ), measuring the constructs of the Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity theory (RST). The research was conducted on a sample of 565 participants, using three measures of the constructs of the Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory – the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System (BIS/BAS) scale, Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ), and Reinforcement Sensitivity Questionnaire. The results of confirmatory factor analysis suggest good internal validity of the RSQ, while the results of principal components analysis show that the RSQ scales are significantly related to other RST measures.

scholarly journals Latent structure and construct validity of the reinforcement sensitivity questionnaire

Psihologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-575
Author(s):  
Dusanka Mitrovic ◽  
Snezana Smederevac ◽  
Petar Colovic
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Fitting Model

The Revised reinforcement sensitivity theory contains three basic systems: Behavioral inhibition system (BAS), Behavioral activation system (BIS) and the Fight/ Flight/ Freeze (FFF) system. In this model, BIS is a system for detection of potential conflict or threat, and FFFS differs three basic patterns of reaction to actual or perceived danger. In Study 1, which was aimed at the examination of the latent structure of the RSQ, was conducted on a sample of 472 participants of both genders. The best - fitting model suggests that, at the top level of hierarchy, three dimensions exist, which are analogous to the BIS, BAS and FFF. The last dimension contains three subordinate dimensions, which represent the subsystems of the FFF. Study 2, in which 203 subjects participated, was aimed at examination of the relations between the dimensions of the Revised reinforcement sensitivity theory and dimensions of the PEN model. Confirmatory factor analyses of the RSQ and EPQ-R dimensions revealed that the best-fitting model comprised three latent dimensions, the first one being analogous to the BIS - Neuroticism, the second one to the BAS - Extraversion, and the third to the Aggressiveness- Psychoticism. The structure of the latent dimensions is in accordance with the expectations. The results state that fear and anxiety (which neurophysiological distinction is emphasized by Gray), are substantively similar on the behavioral level. Also, the results suggest that the Freeze dimension is probably closer to the BIS system than to the FFF.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of the BIS and the BAS on Trajectories of Alcohol Misuse after University Graduation

2015 ◽  
Vol 9s1 ◽  
pp. SART.S31434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Keough ◽  
Roisin M. O'connor
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
Online Measures

Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory predicts that those with a strong behavioral inhibition system (BIS) likely experience considerable anxiety and uncertainty during the transition out of university. Accordingly, they may continue to drink heavily to cope during this time (a period associated with normative reductions in heavy drinking), but only if they also have a strong behavioral approach system (BAS) to enhance the anxiolytic effects of drinking. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis. Participants completed online measures prior to and at 3-month intervals over the course of the year following graduation. As hypothesized, results showed that an elevated BIS predicted impeded maturing out, but only when the impulsivity facet of BAS was also elevated. In contrast, a strong BIS predicted rapid maturing out if BAS impulsivity was weak. Study findings advance our understanding of BIS-related alcohol misuse trajectories in young adulthood and provide direction for clinical interventions.

scholarly journals Compared the Activation System Dependent People

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Rezgar Majidi ◽  
Yahya Yarahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Behavioral Activation System ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Activation System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity

The purpose of this study compared, the activation system dependent people, glass, opium and ordinary on the basis of revised reinforcement sensitivity theory was. Therefore, of among the population of through available sampling a total of 90 people in three groups of 30 selected, and data were collected using a questionnaire Gary – Wilson. The results of analysis of variance showed that between the activation system dependent people, glass, opium and ordinary there is a significant difference. Also Tukey test results showed that between ordinary people and dependent people of glass, and ordinary people and dependent people of opium in behavioral activation system were significant differences, but in the activation system between the members of glass and opium, significant difference was not observed

Individual Differences and Mindfulness

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Alfons Karl ◽  
Ronald Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Dispositional Mindfulness ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
External Stimuli

What makes some people more mindful than others? Previous research has indicated that dispositional mindfulness is related to both the five factor model (FFM) and the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST). However, previous research has examined those associations in isolation. We examined the unique effects of RST and the FFM on mindfulness in a sample 399 participants. Overall, we found the individual facets of mindfulness were differentially correlated with RST and FFM dimensions. Specifically, RST (BIS) and FFM (Neuroticism) dimensions that draw attention to external stimuli negatively correlated with mindfulness except for Observing. In contrast, FFM dimensions Openness and Conscientiousness correlated positively with mindfulness, suggesting a pattern where individuals routinely allocate attention to internal stimuli (being mindful) in order to explore (Openness) or to regulate these experiences (Conscientiousness). Our findings provide new insights into the underlying individual difference structure of being mindfulness and implies that mindfulness may not be a unitary construct. We suggest that future research should investigate mindfulness correlates at the facet level instead of the higher level of overall mindfulness.

scholarly journals Dimensionality of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure and Its Relationship to Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gerson ◽  
Anke C. Plagnol ◽  
Philip J. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity

Abstract. The aims of this study were, first, to reassess the factor structure of the Iowa-Netherlands Social Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) and, second, to explore the associations of its factors with the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) of personality. Data from 337 respondents were collected via online questionnaire. Structural equation models were used to assess the factor structure of the INCOM and test for relationships with RST traits. The results confirmed previous findings that the INCOM contains two factors: Ability, which relates to the comparison of performance, and Opinion, which relates to the comparison of thoughts and emotions. The two-factor model was found to be superior to the commonly used one-factor solution. The models further revealed significant relationships with RST factors: positive associations between the Ability factor and the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavioral Approach System (BAS) Reward Reactivity; positive associations between the Opinion factor and BAS Reward Reactivity and Goal-Drive Persistence, and a negative association with BAS Impulsivity. These findings indicate that using the INCOM as a single scale is likely to miss significant unique relationships. Our findings also provide new insight into how individual differences in personality may influence social comparison behavior.

scholarly journals At Long Last – A Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Explanation of Procrastination

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Catherine Bennett ◽  
Alison M. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Academic Procrastination ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Motivation ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
High Reward ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
Approach And Avoidance Motivation ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. Procrastination can result in poor wellbeing and performance in academia and the workplace. The present study combined personality and motivational explanations by examining procrastination through the lens of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST), which assumes that personality traits are underpinned by basic systems of approach and avoidance motivation. Students ( N = 336; Mage = 21.34) and non-students ( N = 187; Mage = 37.98) completed the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ), measures of unintentional and general procrastination and, for students only, a measure of academic procrastination. In both samples, high impulsivity and high Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) activation was associated with reports of general procrastination. In students, high Reward Reactivity (RR) was additionally associated with Unintentional Procrastination (UP), while low Goal-drive Persistence was associated with all forms of procrastination. These data suggest a role for both approach and avoidance motivations in procrastination. Results are discussed in terms of RST and implications for intervention.

scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of a Brief Dutch Version of the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Serafine Dierickx ◽  
Dirk Smits ◽  
Philip J. Corr ◽  
Penelope Hasking ◽  
Laurence Claes
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Sensitivity Theory ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity

Abstract. Introduction: The Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of Personality Questionnaire (RST-PQ) has its roots in the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory of personality. Objectives: This study investigated the reliability and validity of the Dutch translation of the RST-PQ and proposed a brief version. Methods: A sample of 603 Belgian and Dutch adults completed the RST-PQ, and to assess convergent and divergent validity, a subgroup also completed other personality and symptom questionnaires. Results: A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the a priori six-factor structure of the RST-PQ, similar to other translations. However, this model did not satisfy the requirements of an acceptable fit. Therefore, a brief version of the RST-PQ (B-RST-PQ) was developed. In line with the aims of the RST-PQ, a CFA showed an acceptable fit for the six-factor model of the B-RST-PQ. The B-RST-PQ obtained good reliability coefficients of the six scales and high correlations with the original RST-PQ. Conclusion: The B-RST-PQ seems to be a valid and reliable instrument for future research.

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