Task Functional Demands as Factors in Dual-Task Performance

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. North
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Mutual Interference ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Dual Task Performance

Four tasks were tested in single and pairwise combined performances to investigate their mutual interference. The results demonstrate that functionally dissimilar tasks, in terms of the activities required in processing and responding, can be performed together with much less decrement than functionally identical tasks. The short-term memory function, furthermore, is extremely disruptive when required in one or both of two simultaneously performed discrete, reaction-time tasks.

scholarly journals Effects of Combined Resistance and Power Training on Cognitive Function in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélio José Coelho-Júnior ◽  
Ivan de Oliveira Gonçalves ◽  
Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho Sampaio ◽  
Priscila Yukari Sewo Sampaio ◽  
Eduardo Lusa Cadore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Dual Task Performance ◽  
Serum Bdnf

The present study compared the effects of traditional resistance training (TRT) and combined power training (PT) and TRT (PTRT) on cognitive parameters and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in non-demented, well-functioning, community-dwelling older women. Forty-five older women were randomized into one of three experimental groups: TRT, PTRT, and control group (CG). Cognitive tests explored global cognitive function, short-term memory, and dual-task performance. Serum BDNF levels were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Exercise sessions were performed twice a week over 22 weeks. In TRT, exercise sessions were based on three sets of 8–10 repetitions at “difficult” intensity. In PTRT, the first session was based on PT (three sets of 8−10 repetitions at “moderate” intensity), while the second session was similar to the TRT. Our analyses indicated that overall cognitive function, short-term memory, and dual-task performance were similarly improved after TRT and PTRT. Serum BDNF concentrations were not altered by any training protocol. In conclusion, the two RT programs tested in the present trial improved global cognitive function, short-term memory and dual task performance in non-demented, well-functioning, community-dwelling older women. In addition, our findings suggest that mechanisms other than BDNF may be associated with such improvements.

Effectiveness of humor on short term memory function in age matched elderly and diabetic subjects vs. control group

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurinder S. Bains ◽  
Lee Berk ◽  
Noha Daher ◽  
Pooja Deshpande ◽  
Everett Lohman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Acute Exercise and Sustained Attention on Memory Function

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-332
Author(s):  
Audreaiona Waters ◽  
Liye Zou ◽  
Myungjin Jung ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Jingyuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Term Memory

Objective: Sustained attention is critical for various activities of daily living, including engaging in health-enhancing behaviors and inhibition of health compromising behaviors. Sustained attention activates neural networks involved in episodic memory function, a critical cognition for healthy living. Acute exercise has been shown to activate these same neural networks. Thus, it is plausible that engaging in a sustained attention task and engaging in a bout of acute exercise may have an additive effect in enhancing memory function, which was the purpose of this experiment. Methods: 23 young adults (Mage = 20.7 years) completed 2 visits, with each visit occurring approximately 24 hours apart, in a counterbalanced order, including: (1) acute exercise with sustained attention, and (2) sustained attention only. Memory was assessed using a word-list paradigm and included a short- and long-term memory assessment. Sustained attention was induced via a sustained attention to response task (SART). Acute exercise involved a 15-minute bout of moderate-intensity exercise. Results: Short-term memory performance was significantly greater than long-term memory, Mdiff = 1.86, p < .001, and short-term memory for Exercise with Sustained Attention was significantly greater than short-term memory for Sustained Attention Only, Mdiff = 1.50, p = .01. Conclusion: Engaging in an acute bout of exercise before a sustained attention task additively influenced short-term memory function.

scholarly journals Electroconvulsive therapy hasn’t negative effects on short-term memory function, as assessed using a bedside hand-held device

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge H.O. Müller ◽  
Mareen Reike ◽  
Simon Grosse-Holz ◽  
Mareike Röther ◽  
Caroline Lücke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Digital Measurements

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in the treatment of treatment-resistant major depression. The fear of cognitive impairment after ECT often deters patients from choosing this treatment option. There is little reliable information regarding the effects of ECT on overall cognitive performance, while short-term memory deficits are well known but not easy to measure within clinical routines. In this pilot study, we examined ECT recipients’ pre- and posttreatment performances on a digital ascending number tapping test. We found that cognitive performance measures exhibited good reproducibility in individual patients and that ECT did not significantly alter cognitive performance up to 2 hours after this therapy was applied. Our results can help patients and physicians make decisions regarding the administration of ECT. Digital measurements are recommended, especially when screening for the most common side effects on cognitive performance and short-term memory.

scholarly journals Increasing cerebral blood flow improves cognition into late stages in Alzheimer’s disease mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1441-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Bracko ◽  
Brendah N Njiru ◽  
Madisen Swallow ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Mohammad Haft-Javaherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Neutrophil Adhesion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

Alzheimer’s disease is associated with a 20–30% reduction in cerebral blood flow. In the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, inhibiting neutrophil adhesion using an antibody against the neutrophil specific protein Ly6G was recently shown to drive rapid improvements in cerebral blood flow that was accompanied by an improvement in performance on short-term memory tasks. Here, in a longitudinal aging study, we assessed how far into disease development a single injection of anti-Ly6G treatment can acutely improve short-term memory function. We found that APP/PS1 mice as old as 15–16 months had improved performance on the object replacement and Y-maze tests of spatial and working short-term memory, measured at one day after anti-Ly6G treatment. APP/PS1 mice at 17–18 months of age or older did not show acute improvements in cognitive performance, although we did find that capillary stalls were still reduced and cerebral blood flow was still increased by 17% in 21–22-months-old APP/PS1 mice given anti-Ly6G antibody. These data add to the growing body of evidence suggesting that cerebral blood flow reductions are an important contributing factor to the cognitive dysfunction associated with neurodegenerative disease. Thus, interfering with neutrophil adhesion could be a new therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease.

Reaction time as an index of rehearsal in short-term memory.

1969 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Stanners ◽  
Gary F. Meunier ◽  
Donald B. Headley
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory
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