Effectiveness of humor on short term memory function in age matched elderly and diabetic subjects vs. control group

Objective: Sustained attention is critical for various activities of daily living, including engaging in health-enhancing behaviors and inhibition of health compromising behaviors. Sustained attention activates neural networks involved in episodic memory function, a critical cognition for healthy living. Acute exercise has been shown to activate these same neural networks. Thus, it is plausible that engaging in a sustained attention task and engaging in a bout of acute exercise may have an additive effect in enhancing memory function, which was the purpose of this experiment. Methods: 23 young adults (Mage = 20.7 years) completed 2 visits, with each visit occurring approximately 24 hours apart, in a counterbalanced order, including: (1) acute exercise with sustained attention, and (2) sustained attention only. Memory was assessed using a word-list paradigm and included a short- and long-term memory assessment. Sustained attention was induced via a sustained attention to response task (SART). Acute exercise involved a 15-minute bout of moderate-intensity exercise. Results: Short-term memory performance was significantly greater than long-term memory, Mdiff = 1.86, p < .001, and short-term memory for Exercise with Sustained Attention was significantly greater than short-term memory for Sustained Attention Only, Mdiff = 1.50, p = .01. Conclusion: Engaging in an acute bout of exercise before a sustained attention task additively influenced short-term memory function.

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Electroconvulsive therapy hasn’t negative effects on short-term memory function, as assessed using a bedside hand-held device

Mental Illness ◽

10.4081/mi.2017.7093 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Helge H.O. Müller ◽

Mareen Reike ◽

Simon Grosse-Holz ◽

Mareike Röther ◽

Caroline Lücke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Performance ◽

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Function ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Treatment Resistant ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Digital Measurements

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in the treatment of treatment-resistant major depression. The fear of cognitive impairment after ECT often deters patients from choosing this treatment option. There is little reliable information regarding the effects of ECT on overall cognitive performance, while short-term memory deficits are well known but not easy to measure within clinical routines. In this pilot study, we examined ECT recipients’ pre- and posttreatment performances on a digital ascending number tapping test. We found that cognitive performance measures exhibited good reproducibility in individual patients and that ECT did not significantly alter cognitive performance up to 2 hours after this therapy was applied. Our results can help patients and physicians make decisions regarding the administration of ECT. Digital measurements are recommended, especially when screening for the most common side effects on cognitive performance and short-term memory.

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Increasing cerebral blood flow improves cognition into late stages in Alzheimer’s disease mice

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism ◽

10.1177/0271678x19873658 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 1441-1452 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Oliver Bracko ◽

Brendah N Njiru ◽

Madisen Swallow ◽

Muhammad Ali ◽

Mohammad Haft-Javaherian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Function ◽

Neutrophil Adhesion ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease

Alzheimer’s disease is associated with a 20–30% reduction in cerebral blood flow. In the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, inhibiting neutrophil adhesion using an antibody against the neutrophil specific protein Ly6G was recently shown to drive rapid improvements in cerebral blood flow that was accompanied by an improvement in performance on short-term memory tasks. Here, in a longitudinal aging study, we assessed how far into disease development a single injection of anti-Ly6G treatment can acutely improve short-term memory function. We found that APP/PS1 mice as old as 15–16 months had improved performance on the object replacement and Y-maze tests of spatial and working short-term memory, measured at one day after anti-Ly6G treatment. APP/PS1 mice at 17–18 months of age or older did not show acute improvements in cognitive performance, although we did find that capillary stalls were still reduced and cerebral blood flow was still increased by 17% in 21–22-months-old APP/PS1 mice given anti-Ly6G antibody. These data add to the growing body of evidence suggesting that cerebral blood flow reductions are an important contributing factor to the cognitive dysfunction associated with neurodegenerative disease. Thus, interfering with neutrophil adhesion could be a new therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease.

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Memory bias training by means of the emotional short-term memory task

Polish Psychological Bulletin ◽

10.1515/ppb-2015-0016 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 122-126

Author(s):

Borysław Paulewicz ◽

Agata Blaut ◽

Aleksandra Gronostaj

Keyword(s):

Emotional Disorders ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Task ◽

Memory Bias ◽

Control Group ◽

Training Procedure ◽

Negative Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Target Words

Abstract According to major cognitive theories of emotional disorders cognitive biases are partly responsible for their onset and maintenance. The direct test of this assumption is possible only if experimental method capable of altering a given form of cognitive bias is available. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel implicit memory bias training procedure based on the emotional version of the classical Sternberg’s short-term memory task with negative, neutral and positive words. 108 participants, who completed the PANAS and the CES-D questionnaires, were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 33), the No-Negative group (n = 36), in which the target words in the Sternberg’s task were either positive or neutral but never negative or the Negative-New group (n = 39) in which the negative target words in the modified Sternberg’s task were always new. This training was followed by the recollection stage. Only one of the training protocols resulted in significant effects at the recall stage - individuals in the No-Negative group recalled more positive words and fewer negative words than those in the control group. These results show that it may be possible to experimentally induce memory bias characteristic of non-depressed individuals.

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Association of Quality of Sleep and Decreased Short Term Memory Function in Medical Students of Pelita Harapan University

Medicinus ◽

10.19166/med.v7i7.2760 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 216

Author(s):

Stevanie Budianto ◽

Yusak M.T Siahaan

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Memory Function ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Quality Of Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Short Term ◽

Chi Square ◽

Term Memory

Background: Memory is a place where information is stored from the learning process or experience. There are several types of memory , one of them is short term memory. Declining sleep quality is directly proportional to the decrease in short-term memory. Poor sleep quality is often associated with medical student due to exams or vast amount of tasks. Therefore, researcher wants to see whether there is significant correlation between sleep quality and short-term memory function in students.Aim: To assess the association of the quality of sleep towards short term memory function of medical student of Pelita Harapan University.Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional method, with taking sample using the method of a simple random sample. A total of 90 respondents at University of Pelita Harapan were taken. Data collected sorted out according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality of sleep assessed with PSQI questionnaire while short-term memory assessed by Digit span backward test. Results processed with SPSS version 24 and tested with Chi Square.Results: Data analyzed by Chi square test showed there are 33 students (58.9%) have poor sleep quality and short term memory function. There are also significant association between the quality of sleep and short term memory function (p value = 0.026)Conclusion: There is significant association between the quality of sleep and short term memory function of medical students of Pelita Harapan University.

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Voluntary running does not increase capillary blood flow but promotes neurogenesis and short-term memory in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

10.1101/2020.02.28.969840 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kaja Falkenhain ◽

Nancy E. Ruiz-Uribe ◽

Mohammad Haft-Javaherian ◽

Muhammad Ali ◽

Pietro E. Michelucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Mouse Models ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Wheel Running ◽

Memory Function ◽

Brain Inflammation ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTExercise exerts a beneficial effect on the major pathological and clinical symptoms associated with Alzheimer’ s disease in humans and mouse models of the disease. While numerous mechanisms for such benefits from exercise have been proposed, a clear understanding of the causal links remains elusive. Recent studies also suggest that cerebral blood flow in the brain of both Alzheimer’ s patients and mouse models of the disease is decreased and that the cognitive symptoms can be improved when blood flow is restored. We therefore hypothesized that the mitigating effect of exercise on the development and progression of Alzheimer’ s disease may be mediated through an increase in the otherwise reduced brain blood flow. To test this idea, we examined the impact of three months of voluntary wheel running in ∼1-year-old APP/PS1 mice on short-term memory function, brain inflammation, amyloid deposition, and cerebral blood flow. Our findings that exercise led to improved memory function, a trend toward reduced brain inflammation, markedly increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, and no changes in amyloid-beta deposits are consistent with other reports on the impact of exercise on the progression of Alzheimer’ s related symptoms in mouse models. Notably, we did not observe any impact of wheel running on overall cortical blood flow nor on the incidence of non-flowing capillaries, a mechanism we recently identified as one contributing factor to cerebral blood flow deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer’ s disease. Overall, our results replicate previous findings that exercise is able to ameliorate certain aspects of Alzheimer’ s disease pathology, but show that this benefit does not appear to act through increases in cerebral blood flow.

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Hubungan Status Gizi dan Status Hidrasi dengan Fungsi Memori Jangka Pendek Anak Usia Sekolah

Jurnal Litbang Media Informasi Penelitian Pengembangan dan IPTEK ◽

10.33658/jl.v17i2.261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 115-130

Author(s):

Biyanti Dwi Winarsih ◽

Yayuk Fatmawati ◽

Sri Hartini

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Digit Span ◽

Memory Function ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

School Age Children ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Short Term ◽

Chi Square ◽

Term Memory

ENGLISHShort-term memory in school-age children is significant in the learning process and academic ability improvement. Adequate intake of nutrients and body fluids are needed to accelerate brain performance so that children have optimum memory function. A preliminary study on short term memory of students in SD N Gembong 2, Pati Regency showed that some students experienced a decrease in short-term memory. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between nutritional status and nutritional status with children's short-term memory. This study used a correlational design and involved 52 students from 4th - 6th grade in elementary school. The measurement of hydration status used urine specific gravity, while short-term memory was measured using a digit span test. Then, the Chi-Square test was applied to analyze the data. This study result showed that more than half of children had normal nutritional status, good hydration status and normal short-term memory. Furthermore, nutritional status and hydration status were associated with children's short-term memory. Parents should provide more attention to their children’s nutritional and fluid needs, by 1) the children are getting used to taking breakfast before going to school and 2) parents provide meals and drinks from home for their children. INDONESIAMemori jangka pendek pada anak usia sekolah sangat berpengaruh terhadap proses belajar dan upaya peningkatan kemampuan akademik. Asupan nutrisi dan cairan tubuh yang cukup dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kerja otak sehingga fungsi memori anak lebih optimal. Data awal penelitian terkait memori jangka pendek anak di SD N Gembong 2 Pati menunjukkan sebagian anak mengalami penurunan memori jangka pendek. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan status gizi dan status nutrisi dengan memori jangka pendek anak. Metode penelitian korelasional dengan jumlah sampel 52 responden anak kelas 4-6 SD. Pengumpulan data status gizi melalui pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan. Pengukuran status hidrasi menggunakan pemeriksaan berat jenis urine dan memori jangka pendek menggunakan test digit span. Analisa menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar anak mempunyai status gizi normal, status hidrasi baik dan memori jangka pendek yang normal. Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dan status hidrasi dengan memori jangka pendek anak. Orang tua sebaiknya lebih memperhatikan kebutuhan nutrisi dan cairan anak dengan cara: 1) membiasakan sarapan sebelum berangkat sekolah; dan 2) pada saat anak ke sekolah lebih baik dibawakan bekal makanan dan minuman.

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The Effect of Games with Rules on Voluntary Regulation of 6—7-year-old Children

Cultural-Historical Psychology ◽

10.17759/chp.2017130406 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 56-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E.A. Savina ◽

I.A. Savenkova ◽

I.V. Shchekotikhina ◽

A.M. Gul'yants

Keyword(s):

Size Effects ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Control Group ◽

Verbal Instruction ◽

Interference Control ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Voluntary Regulation ◽

Visual Motor ◽

Experimental Group

This article discusses the results of experimental study aimed at investigating the effect of games with rules on voluntary regulation of preschool children. The following components of voluntary regulation were studied: short-term and working memory, verbal interference control, the ability to follow verbal instruction, and knowledge of rules of conduct. One hundred and twenty 6—7-year-old children participated in this study. After the intervention, children in experimental group improved their knowledge of rules of conduct, short-term memory for numbers, verbal interference, and the ability to follow verbal instruction when executing a visual-motor integration task. Children in the control group also improved their verbal interference ability and short-term memory for numbers and words. However, size effects were smaller than in the experimental group.

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Double Literacy Effects on Language and Reading Skills in Italian–English Primary School Children

Journal of Monolingual and Bilingual Speech ◽

10.1558/jmbs.15136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Francesca Costa ◽

Maria Teresa Guasti ◽

Stefania Sharley

Keyword(s):

Reading Comprehension ◽

Primary School ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Reading Skills ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Reading Speed ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Control Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory

Major concerns still surround literacy education in a foreign language during primary school. In this study, we aim to establish (1) whether bilinguals perform worse in Italian literacy tests than monolinguals; (2) whether literacy skills transfer from Italian to English. We tested 97 Italian–English bilingual first, third and fifth graders (attending two bilingual primary schools in Italy, with a simultaneous 50:50 immersion programme) and a control group of 40 monolingual Italian pupils in grades 1 and 3. All participants were tested in Italian, measuring the following skills: vocabulary, phonological awareness, reading proficiency and verbal short-term memory. Bilingual participants – who had been exposed to Italian since birth and to English within the first three years of their lives – were also tested on the same measures in English. The results showed that bilingual first graders outperformed their monolingual peers in verbal short-term memory, thus revealing a possible cognitive advantage in the early stage of literacy acquisition. Monolingual and bilingual firstand third graders did not differ in reading speed. The two groups made an almost similar number of errors, but the small difference turned out to be statistically significant. Bilingual subjects’ reading attainment was found to be within monolingual normal limits in both languages on all measures except for English reading comprehension, which, together with English vocabulary, was found to be below the English norm. Aside from reading comprehension, on all other measures bilingual children’s performance in Italian correlated with their performance in English, suggesting the presence of cross-linguistic transfer of language and reading skills.

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