Legibility Criteria in Design and Selection of Data Displays for Group Viewing

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shurtleff ◽  
W. Wuersch
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Display Systems ◽  
Selection Of

This study proposes a methodology and legibility criteria for use in the design and selection of group display systems for new and existing command and control facilities. The methodology and criteria are based upon objective human performance data derived from studies in which key display parameters were related to observers' ability to identify displayed data.

Shipboard Communications: Quantifying Operator Capabilities and Limitations

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (23) ◽  
pp. 1900-1904
Author(s):  
E. Bardine Debra ◽  
F. Wallace Daniel ◽  
Udo Goff ◽  
Christine Schlichting
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Navy ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Breaking Point ◽  
Voice Communications ◽  
Audio Channel ◽  
Subject Experiment ◽  
And Control

As the United States Navy moves towards a reduction in manning aboard future ships, the number and complexity of tasks the warfighter must perform remains high. One responsibility of the warfighter that is very taxing on his/her audio channel is the handling of voice communications. To determine the “breaking point” in handling these voice communications, researchers used a fully developed scenario to test the capabilities and limitations of typical Navy watchstanders when subjected to a varying number of active communications circuits. Metrics such as accuracy and latency of response were used to measure human performance. In addition, a between-subject experiment was used to determine whether or not a simulated speech-to-text tool would help to improve warfighter performance on a communications task, while not degrading performance on a primary, tactical task. The experiment was performed in the Integrated Command Environment (ICE) lab at NAVSEA Dahlgren, a testbed for future command and control concepts and a vehicle to solicit valuable feedback from members of the fleet.

Human performance under two different command and control paradigms

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Daniel P. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control

Experimental Design Interrogation of Network Simulation Models of U.S. Army Command and Control Centers

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam E. Middlebrooks ◽  
Robert C. Williges
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Network Computer ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
And Control

Using a task network computer simulation previously developed by the U.S. Army to investigate workload conditions in a command and control center, this project developed new methodologies to use computer simulations to predict conditions for optimal human performance. By using an experimental design to interrogate the model to see what the decision makers in the work team deemed to be important, predictions were made about how the work domain could be optimized for the most efficient human performance. An augmented fractional-factorial design was developed that allowed an analysis of the main effect for each independent variable along with predictions of higher order components that might exist in each main effect. A major study finding was the extent to which battalion commanders focused their attention on establishing and maintaining situational awareness during combat operations and the need to present information to the commander in a way that supported rather than detracted from situation understanding.

Avoiding Friendly Fire Incidents Through Performance Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
John K. Hawley
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Air Defense ◽  
Friendly Fire ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Training

FEATURE AT A GLANCE: During the combat operations phase of the Iraq War, Patriot air defense missile units were involved in two fratricide incidents. Patriot's unacceptable fratricide rate (18% of engagements) prompted the commanding general of the air defense center to request a human-performance-oriented assessment of the fratricide incidents to complement the official board of inquiry investigation. This article summarizes the results and recommendations from that assessment. Recommendations for solutions to the fratricide problem involved both command and control and training modifications. The article's primary focus is the 3-year follow-on effort to implement and evaluate selected aspects of the recommended fixes.

Automation and Supervisory Control: A Perspective on Human Performance, Training, and Performance Aiding

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (18) ◽  
pp. 1211-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Lockhart ◽  
Michael H. Strub ◽  
John K. Hawley ◽  
Lourdes A. Tapia
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Supervisory Control ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Air Defense ◽  
Us Army ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Training ◽  
New Look

This paper is based on results from an on-going effort sponsored by the US Army Research Institute (ARI) concerned with human performance and training issues in automated, near-real-time air defense command and control systems. Air defense command and control is the specific applications context, but the paper's implications extend to many contemporary process control settings. Topics that are addressed in the paper include: (1) human performance problems associated with automation, (2) a new look at human performance requirements in near-real-time process control, (3) and training and job performance support requirements for supervisory controllers. The “new look” portion describes a reasonable and evolving concept for human participation in automated processing, designated Rule-Based Supervisory Control. The paper is intended to introduce these topics to concept developers, system designers, and trainers dealing with automated process control technology.

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