Construct Validity of the Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender Version Instrument in a Multisite Sample of Treated Sexual Offenders

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Olver ◽  
Craig S. Neumann ◽  
Drew A. Kingston ◽  
Terry P. Nicholaichuk ◽  
Stephen C. P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Risk Scale ◽  
Three Factor

The present study examined the construct validity of the Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender version (VRS-SO) through an examination of its factor structure and convergence with psychological measures assessing conceptually relevant constructs in a sample of 732 treated incarcerated adult male sex offenders. The VRS-SO was rated prospectively pre- and posttreatment by service providers, and several of the men had completed a psychometric battery at each time point. Prospective Stable 2000 ratings were examined for comparison purposes. Results of exploratory longitudinal factor analysis, performed on VRS-SO pre- and posttreatment dynamic item scores, supported a three-factor model (comparative fit index = .990) and the measurement invariance of the loadings over time. A stringent longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis of the VRS-SO items also supported the three-factor structure. Scores from the three factors (Sexual Deviance, Criminality, and Treatment Responsivity) were correlated in conceptually meaningful ways with scores from the Stable 2000 and selected psychometric measures. The results provide evidence for the construct validity of VRS-SO test scores as providing an index of sex offender risk and, more specifically, that its item content and factor domains measure psychological constructs pertinent to sex offender risk and need.

Cross-Validation of the Discrimination and Calibration Properties of the VRAG-R in a Treated Sexual Offender Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 741-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Olver ◽  
Lindsay A. Sewall
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Treatment Change ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
Risk Appraisal ◽  
Violence Risk Appraisal Guide ◽  
Dynamic Risk Assessment

The present study featured an examination of the predictive properties of the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide–Revised (VRAG-R) in a treated sample of sexual offenders, using modern risk metrics. The Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide (SORAG) and the original Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG) were examined for comparison purposes. The three measures were rated archivally on 296 treated sexual offenders followed up 17.6 years. VRAG-R scores demonstrated good discrimination of recidivists from nonrecidivists for sexual (area under the curve [AUC] = .60-.67) and violent (AUC = .70-.78) recidivism, and were incremental in the prediction of violent, but not sexual, recidivism after controlling for baseline sexual violence risk and treatment change. The VRAG-R bin structure demonstrated good calibration, although the present sample generated lower 5-year estimates of general violence compared with the normative sample. Application of the VRAG-R in the assessment and management of violence risk, via integration with dynamic risk assessment information, is discussed.

Reasons for Living Inventory: Cross-Cultural Construct Validity

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1259-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Paolo Girardi ◽  
Roberto Tatarelli ◽  
David Lester ◽  
James R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cultural Construct ◽  
Reasons For Living Inventory ◽  
Three Factor

The construct validity of the Reasons for Living Inventory was explored with a sample of 340 Italian students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis did not support strongly the six-factor structure previously identified. An exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure, suggesting that researchers should be cautious in assuming the validity of the six-factor structure in cross-cultural settings.

Predictive Accuracy of Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender Version Risk and Change Scores in Treated Canadian Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Sexual Offenders

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Olver ◽  
Justina N. Sowden ◽  
Drew A. Kingston ◽  
Terry P. Nicholaichuk ◽  
Audrey Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Offender Treatment ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Violent Recidivism ◽  
Risk Scale

The present study examined the predictive properties of Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender version (VRS-SO) risk and change scores among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal sexual offenders in a combined sample of 1,063 Canadian federally incarcerated men. All men participated in sexual offender treatment programming through the Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) at sites across its five regions. The Static-99R was also examined for comparison purposes. In total, 393 of the men were identified as Aboriginal (i.e., First Nations, Métis, Circumpolar) while 670 were non-Aboriginal and primarily White. Aboriginal men scored significantly higher on the Static-99R and VRS-SO and had higher rates of sexual and violent recidivism; however, there were no significant differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal groups on treatment change with both groups demonstrating close to a half-standard deviation of change pre and post treatment. VRS-SO risk and change scores significantly predicted sexual and violent recidivism over fixed 5- and 10-year follow-ups for both racial/ancestral groups. Cox regression survival analyses also demonstrated positive treatment changes to be significantly associated with reductions in sexual and violent recidivism among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men after controlling baseline risk. A series of follow-up Cox regression analyses demonstrated that risk and change score information accounted for much of the observed differences between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men in rates of sexual recidivism; however, marked group differences persisted in rates of general violent recidivism even after controlling for these covariates. The results support the predictive properties of VRS-SO risk and change scores with treated Canadian Aboriginal sexual offenders.

Construct Validity of the Violence Risk Scale—Sexual Offender Version for Measuring Sexual Deviance

Sexual Abuse ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donaldo D. Canales ◽  
Mark E. Olver ◽  
Stephen C. P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Sexual Deviance ◽  
Risk Scale

scholarly journals What Do Customers Demand from Drug Stores in Japan? Construct Validity and Factor Structure of a Cross-Sectional Survey

Pharmacy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuuki Minamida ◽  
Naoko Yoshida ◽  
Mio Nishimaki-Tomizu ◽  
Misato Hanada ◽  
Kazuko Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Customer Survey ◽  
Three Factor

Studies concerning patient demands are mainly conducted at hospitals and pharmacies, whereas few surveys have been conducted on drug stores. The demand for drug stores is estimated to be increasing with growing needs for self-medication. Thus, conducting a customer survey at drug stores is thought to be valuable. The aim of the current study was to clarify the structure of customers’ demands for drug stores. The survey was conducted on 190 customers of 19 drug stores in Japan. The questionnaire consisted of 24 items using a 9-point Likert scale. The IBM SPSS Statistics version 23 (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and Amos version 5 (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were utilized to perform factor analysis. Gender did not influence the response to each question. Factor analysis showed that the structure of customers’ demands consisted of three factors: (1) an explanation about medicine, (2) staff’s manners, and (3) location of drug stores. Because fit indices suggested a good fit, this three-factor solution was adopted as the final factor structure. This study demonstrated the structure of customers’ demands for drug stores, with the potential for use in promotion of self-medication.

Development and Validation of the Ableist Microaggression Impact Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110142
Author(s):  
Deniz Aydemir-Döke ◽  
James T. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Three Factor

Microaggressions are daily insults to minority individuals such as people with disabilities (PWD) that communicate messages of exclusion, inferiority, and abnormality. In this study, we developed a new scale, the Ableist Microaggressions Impact Questionnaire (AMIQ), which assesses ableist microaggression experiences of PWD. Data from 245 PWD were collected using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. An exploratory factor analysis of the 25-item AMIQ revealed a three-factor structure with internal consistency reliability ranging between .87 and .92. As a more economical and psychometrically sound instrument assessing microaggression impact as it pertains to disability, the AMIQ offers promise for rehabilitation counselor research and practice.

Federal sex offender registration and notification act (SORNA) offenders: sexual versatility, criminal careers and supervision outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Drury ◽  
Matt DeLisi ◽  
Michael Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Criminal Careers ◽  
Sex Offender Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Sex offender registration and notification act (SORNA) offenders are a source of scholarly study across the social, behavioral, forensic and legal sciences with the bulk of literature focusing on the legal standing and deterrent value of sexual offender registries. Less research focuses on the offending careers of current SORNA offenders relative to other types of sexual offenders whose current offense is not SORNA. The purpose of the current study is to examine this issue empirically. Design/methodology/approach Using cross-sectional data from a census of male federal offenders who ever perpetrated a sexual offense from the central USA between 2016 and 2020, the current study used t-tests, logistic regression and negative binomial regression to compare current SORNA offenders to other federal correctional clients in terms of their lifetime offending history, sexual violence and compliance on federal supervision. Findings Current SORNA offenders are significantly more severe and versatile in their sexual offending, have more extensive criminal careers and criminal justice system involvement, and exhibit significantly increased odds of revocation on supervised release despite controls for age, race and ethnicity. However, sensitivity models that specified the federal Post-Conviction Risk Assessment reduced the effects of SORNA status to non-significance in all models. Originality/value SORNA offenders are potentially a significant offender group with evidence of both and given their versatile and specialized lifetime offending and noncompliance on federal supervision. However, current SORNA status is rendered spurious once a risk assessment is controlled suggesting more research is needed to evaluate whether sex offender registries posit greater crime control benefit.

Factor Structure of the K-ABC for Cantonese, English, and Punjabi Speaking Canadians

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Joanne M. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Assessment Battery ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The purpose of this study was to examine the construct validity (internal structure) of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC) for use with Cantonese, English, and Punjabi speaking Canadians. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the sequential/simultaneous theoretical model was supported by the English and Punjabi data: however, the Cantonese data did not exhibit a good fit with this model. Similarly, the results of the exploratory factor analysis suggested that sequential and simultaneous factors could apply when describing the factor structure of the English and Punjabi data, but not for the Cantonese data. Implications of these findings are discussed.

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