scholarly journals What Do Customers Demand from Drug Stores in Japan? Construct Validity and Factor Structure of a Cross-Sectional Survey

Pharmacy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuuki Minamida ◽  
Naoko Yoshida ◽  
Mio Nishimaki-Tomizu ◽  
Misato Hanada ◽  
Kazuko Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Customer Survey ◽  
Three Factor

Studies concerning patient demands are mainly conducted at hospitals and pharmacies, whereas few surveys have been conducted on drug stores. The demand for drug stores is estimated to be increasing with growing needs for self-medication. Thus, conducting a customer survey at drug stores is thought to be valuable. The aim of the current study was to clarify the structure of customers’ demands for drug stores. The survey was conducted on 190 customers of 19 drug stores in Japan. The questionnaire consisted of 24 items using a 9-point Likert scale. The IBM SPSS Statistics version 23 (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and Amos version 5 (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were utilized to perform factor analysis. Gender did not influence the response to each question. Factor analysis showed that the structure of customers’ demands consisted of three factors: (1) an explanation about medicine, (2) staff’s manners, and (3) location of drug stores. Because fit indices suggested a good fit, this three-factor solution was adopted as the final factor structure. This study demonstrated the structure of customers’ demands for drug stores, with the potential for use in promotion of self-medication.

scholarly journals Validation of the Croatian Version of Work Ability Index (WAI) in Population of Nurses on Transformed Item-Specific Scores

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Martina Smrekar ◽  
Alenka Franko ◽  
Olivera Petrak ◽  
Lijana Zaletel-Kragelj
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Work Ability Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ability Index ◽  
Three Factor

AbstractAimTo assess the psychometric properties of the Croatian version of a Work Ability Index Questionnaire (WAIQ-CRO) in the population of nurses by using a specific methodological approach.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of 711 Croatian nurses in 2018 in Zagreb, Croatia. The instrument’s internal consistency was assessed by using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α). The factor structure was verified by confirmatory (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), with the assumption of a single-factor structure. To ensure the equality of importance of items in the assessment, the item-specific scores were transformed.ResultsThe internal consistency of the instrument was satisfactory (α=0.71). CFA showed poor first model (Model-1) compatibility data (p<0.001, CFI=0.85, GFI=0.93, RMSEA=0.13). The modificated indexes suggested the introduction of correlation parameters residual variances of results from WAIQ-CRO Item-1 and Item-2. After introducing these covariances, the index model assentation (Model-2) showed desirable assentation measures (p<0.001, CFI=0.95, GFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.08). Comparison showed better compatibility of Model-2 (p<0.001). The implementation of EFA has identified three factors. Replication of this model in CFA resulted in relatively good model assentation approaches with data (p<0.001, CFI=0.96, GFI=0.98, RMSEA=0.07). Comparison of this model (Model-3) with Model-2 showed a significantly better compatibility of Model-3 (p<0.001).ConclusionThe WAIQ-CRO proved to be a reliable and valid instrument which can be used in research among Croatian nurses. The results suggest that it would be better to consider a three-factor structure than a single-factor structure, as a three-factor structure can direct decision-makers to which segment to locate interventions.

Reasons for Living Inventory: Cross-Cultural Construct Validity

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1259-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
Paolo Girardi ◽  
Roberto Tatarelli ◽  
David Lester ◽  
James R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cultural Construct ◽  
Reasons For Living Inventory ◽  
Three Factor

The construct validity of the Reasons for Living Inventory was explored with a sample of 340 Italian students. The results of confirmatory factor analysis did not support strongly the six-factor structure previously identified. An exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure, suggesting that researchers should be cautious in assuming the validity of the six-factor structure in cross-cultural settings.

Construct Validity of the Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender Version Instrument in a Multisite Sample of Treated Sexual Offenders

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Olver ◽  
Craig S. Neumann ◽  
Drew A. Kingston ◽  
Terry P. Nicholaichuk ◽  
Stephen C. P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Sexual Offender ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Risk Scale ◽  
Three Factor

The present study examined the construct validity of the Violence Risk Scale–Sexual Offender version (VRS-SO) through an examination of its factor structure and convergence with psychological measures assessing conceptually relevant constructs in a sample of 732 treated incarcerated adult male sex offenders. The VRS-SO was rated prospectively pre- and posttreatment by service providers, and several of the men had completed a psychometric battery at each time point. Prospective Stable 2000 ratings were examined for comparison purposes. Results of exploratory longitudinal factor analysis, performed on VRS-SO pre- and posttreatment dynamic item scores, supported a three-factor model (comparative fit index = .990) and the measurement invariance of the loadings over time. A stringent longitudinal confirmatory factor analysis of the VRS-SO items also supported the three-factor structure. Scores from the three factors (Sexual Deviance, Criminality, and Treatment Responsivity) were correlated in conceptually meaningful ways with scores from the Stable 2000 and selected psychometric measures. The results provide evidence for the construct validity of VRS-SO test scores as providing an index of sex offender risk and, more specifically, that its item content and factor domains measure psychological constructs pertinent to sex offender risk and need.

scholarly journals Three-Factor Physical Perfectionism Scale as a New Tool for the Assessment of the Pathogenic Appearance Standards in the Modern Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-117
Author(s):  
A.B. Kholmogorova ◽  
A.A. Rakhmanina
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Gender Invariance ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
Three Factor

The paper presents a three-factor version of the Physical Perfectionism Scale. The study was conducted on a sample of students living in Moscow (n=125) and Astrakhan (n=75), including 155 women and 45 men (Mage=19,5; SD=1,83). The factor structure of the questionnaire was confirmed by means of confirmatory factor analysis. The model did not pass the test for gender invariance but showed high fit indices regardless of the cultural standards adopted in the place of residence of the respondents. The identified factors were found to be significantly associated with dissatisfaction with one’s appearance, perceived socio-cultural pressure, as well as fear of negative assessment, and the severity of symptoms of depression.

scholarly journals Trauma-spectrum symptoms among the Italian general population in the time of the COVID-19 outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Rossi ◽  
Valentina Socci ◽  
Dalila Talevi ◽  
Cinzia Niolu ◽  
Francesca Pacitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Three Factor

AbstractBackgroundRecent evidence showed substantial negative mental health outcomes associated with the current COVID-19 pandemic, including trauma-related symptoms although the effects on the Italian population who were subjected to unprecedented nationwide lockdown measure remains unknown. The Global Psychotrauma Screen (GPS) is a brief instrument designed to assess a broad range of trauma-related symptoms with no available validation in the Italian population.AimsThis study aimed at examining the factor structure of the Italian version of the GPS in a general population sample exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic and at evaluating trauma-related symptoms in the Italian population in the context of specific COVID-19 related risk factors associated with the implementation of lockdown measures and social distancing.MethodsCross-sectional web-based observational study, as part of a long-term monitoring programme of mental health outcomes in the general population. 18147 participants completed a self-report online questionnaire to collect key demographic data and to evaluate trauma-related symptoms using the GPS, PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI and PSS. Validation analyses included both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analyses.ResultsExploratory factor analyses supported both a two-factor and a three-factor model. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that a one-factor solution that was used as a baseline comparison showed acceptable fit indices, the two-factor solution showed good fit indices, but the best fitting model was a three-factor solution, with Negative Affect (symptoms of depressed mood, anxiety, irritability), core Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) (avoidance, re-experiencing, hyperarousal and insomnia) and Dissociative symptoms. GPS Risk factors as well as specific COVID-19 related stressful events, were associated with GPS total as well as the three factor scores.ConclusionsOur data suggest that a wide range of trauma-spectrum symptoms were reported by a large Italian sample during the COVID-19 pandemic. The GPS symptoms clustered best in three factors: Negative Affect symptoms, Core PTSS, and Dissociative symptoms. In particular high rates of core PTSS and negative affect symptoms were associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy and should be routinely assessed in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Bangla version of multidimensional scale of perceived social support

Psihologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Split Sample ◽  
Three Factor

The Bangla version of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS-B) is a popular psychological assessment tool in Bangladesh. It has largely been used to measure perceived social support of Bangladeshi people. In spite of its popularity, it had not gone through an extensive validation procedure yet. Even its psychometric properties were not tested before, except for the test-retest reliability. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of MSPSS-B through a questionnaire survey among 812adult Bangladeshi people. The MSPSS-B revealed a three-factor structure through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on the first split sample (n = 403), explaining 71.64% of the total variance. Acceptable goodness of fit indices (?2/df = 4.293, p = .000, GFI = .920, CFI = .926, TLI = .904, SRMR = .063, and RMSEA = .078) in the MSPSS-B were obtained through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the second split sample (n = 409). The three-factor structure of the MSPSS-B was the same as the original English MSPSS. Acceptable internal item consistencies, significant test-retest reliabilities, reliabilities between two scale versions, convergent and discriminant validities, and measurement invariance between two gender groups were also established in the MSPSS-B through different statistical analyses. Thus, the MSPSS-B with its three factors can be used as a valid and reliable measure to assess the perceived social support of Bangladeshi people.

Factor Analysis of the Intermediate Category Test

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Livingston ◽  
Robert M. Gray ◽  
Ruth A. Haak
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Category Test ◽  
Heterogeneous Sample ◽  
Factor Index ◽  
Three Factor

This study examined the factor structure of the six subtests of the Intermediate Category Test in a heterogeneous sample of school-referred students, age 9 to 14 years. A three-factor solution emerged that accounted for approximately 72% of the total variance. This indicates that the test measures multiple underlying constructs in this school-referred sample. Clinical and educational interpretations may be enhanced by utilizing factor scores that reflect the multiple abilities assessed. Recommendations for developing factor/index scores are provided.

scholarly journals Hyperacusis Questionnaire as a Tool for Measuring Hypersensitivity to Sound in a Tinnitus Research Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Fackrell ◽  
Constance Fearnley ◽  
Derek J. Hoare ◽  
Magdalena Sereda
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Research Population ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Three Factor

Hypersensitivity to external sounds is often comorbid with tinnitus and may be significant for adherence to certain types of tinnitus management. Therefore, a clear measure of sensitivity to sound is important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) for use as a measurement tool using data from a sample of 264 adults who took part in tinnitus research. We evaluated the HQ factor structure, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, and floor and ceiling effects. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88) and moderate correlations were observed between the HQ, uncomfortable loudness levels, and other health questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the original HQ three-factor solution and a one-factor solution were both a poor fit to the data. Four problematic items were removed and exploratory factor analysis identified a two-factor (attentional and social) solution. The original three-factor structure of the HQ was not confirmed. All fourteen items do not accurately assess hypersensitivity to sound in a tinnitus population. We propose a 10-item (2-factor) version of the HQ, which will need to be confirmed using a new tinnitus and perhaps nontinnitus population.

scholarly journals Examining the factor structure and validity of the triarchic model of psychopathy across measures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Lynam ◽  
Josh Miller ◽  
Katherine Collison
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
Triarchic Model

The triarchic model of psychopathy proposes three distinct trait domains underlying psychopathy: boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. The original (and most widely used) measure developed from this model is the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM), which yields a total psychopathy score as well as scores on each of the three domains. Recently, researchers have derived several alternative measures from other inventories to assess these three domains; however, the purported underlying three-factor structure of the alternative scales has been relatively untested. In the present study, 431 participants completed the TriPM and its alternative measures via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and items within the scales were subjected to a series of factor analyses. For all measures, fit indices for a three-factor solution showed poor fit and indicated that the optimal factor solutions ranged between 5-7 factors. In addition, although some of the factor scores from the three-factor solutions appeared to map onto the a priori domains of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition, others were equally correlated with meanness and disinhibition. The current results demonstrate the factor structures of the TriPM and its alternative measures are more complex than the proffered three-factor solution, which calls into question the extent to which they adequately represent the underlying triarchic model.

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