Historical identity in the coordinate system of world development

The purpose of the article is to analyze the systemic characteristics of historical identity as a scientific category and to comprehend its substantive core on the basis of the paradigm that dominates in a particular historical period. Methodology. Research methods are based on the fundamental principles of historical and cultural studies analysis. The conceptual methodological core of the research is the system analysis of identity as a complex hierarchical system, self-developing in the chronotopе. The scientific novelty lies in the conceptualization of the phenomenon of historical identity from the standpoint of its temporality in the context of the acceleration of identification processes. The invariant and variable nature of the phenomenon is revealed. Conclusions. Based on the memorial paradigm about the continuity of history in its correlation with time, it is shown that historical identity is a sociology-cultural construct, the key mechanism for the formation of which is the dichotomy of «memory-oblivion».

Mužskosť ako diskurzívna konštrukcia. Nemecké literárnovedné analýzy mužskosti v 21. storočí

The first studies which introduced the category of masculinity into German literary science in the context of contemporary interdisciplinary gender research, perceiving it as a social and cultural construct, were published shortly after the turn of the century. The paper lays out the basic theoretical approaches to masculinity in literary texts presented in relevant German literary works of the second decade of the 21st century. In contemporary literary analyses, it is not only a question of revealing masculine power structures in literary texts, but also of criticising one-sided and stereotypical constructs of male identity. Attention is focused on the combination of masculinity and emotionality, but also on the relationship between masculinity and fatherhood or on the literary reflections of the changes in the conventional status of man as a breadwinner, public actor and creative intellectual. Literary masculinities are understood as products of literary narratives.

A cure for woundless pain

As a cultural construct, the idol is a consumer product created to “heal” in the age of exhaustion. Layering a “guardian” aspect onto Laura Mulvey’s “male gaze,” this paper contextualizes the commodification and consumption of innocence. This paper brings the documentary, Tokyo Idols (2017), and the animated film, Perfect Blue (1997), into a conversation to theorize how femininity is constructed and commodified in Japan’s pop idol industry. The idol culture consumes innocence only to create more trauma for women by stressing the arbitrary importance of innocence and sacrificing female agency in the process.

Politics of Identity and Power Distribution in Practice, Pedagogy, and Curriculum: Personal Reflections of Teacher Supervisors in Morocco

An educational system that aspires to be effective would constantly strive to bring about positive change into the society and the students it is meant to serve. Attending school would amount to a waste of time unless the experience manages to make a difference in the students’ lives regarding how they view themselves and the others around them.After all, education is not about stuffing students with knowledge; it is mostly about inspiring and empowering young learnerswith the knowledge that being different-with regards to gender, skin colour or social class - does not necessarily amount to being inferior. The aim of this reflective report is threefold. First, it tries to identify the relationship between knowledge and power.It will also elaborate on the concept of identity as a socio-cultural construct with deep implications for classroom practices,before closing with an investigation into how students and teachers' complex and diverse identities interact and shape the knowledge and power constructed in classroom practices, pedagogy, and curriculum. As implications, the paper concludes with the idea that there are yet a number of teacing and learning aspects to be explored before the classroom becomes a space where various identities are equally valued and recognized instead of a space where a sense of unequal distributon of power (and steriotypes unfairly associated with some identities) is maintained and perpetuated .

Law and Emotion in Moral Repair: Circumscribing Infringement

The reciprocal relationship between law and emotion is a question about the relationship between culture and nature, or the evolutionary underpinnings of human social interaction. Behaviours originating as functional survival strategies have become dysfunctional social infringements, out of context, in need of moral repair. Law as a cultural construct attempts to regulate interaction, infringement, and repair, so as to ensure continued cooperation within a hierarchical social structure, and based on our emotional capacity. The article focuses on sexual infringements and property infringements, conceptualised by the metaphorical frameworks of MEASURE and SIZE, and appraised by various emotions. I trace the influence of emotions in biblical legal texts and their interaction with legal reasoning and moral exhortation. I discuss how law regulates and balances moral emotions, curbing excess and avoiding disproportionate revenge. I point to the rhetorical function of law to direct emotions in the service of moral values and social cohesion.

A Benkei for Every Age: Musashibō Benkei as Palimpsest

This article traces the history of Benkei production—the production of texts concerning Musashibō Benkei—to show that the image of Benkei is not stable, but rather has been adapted and modified repeatedly since the fourteenth century according to the social, economic, political, and cultural climate, as well as the narrative needs, of various eras. Each new instance of Benkei production does not erase or overwrite the previous instances, but rather adds another layer to the cultural construct “Benkei.” This article is not intended to be a comprehensive overview of Benkei works, nor is it particularly an attempt to unearth obscure Benkei works. Instead, the article shows how literature and literary characters can be adapted and transformed over a long time frame. It addresses relatively well-known texts, but examines them in the context of a history of Benkei texts that reveal a shifting, changing image of Benkei responsive to historicized cultural environments.

Intergenerational Solidarity and Being Primary Caregiver for Older Parents in Chinese American Families: Findings From PIETY Study

Introduction: Guided by the intergenerational solidarity theory, this study examined how different dimension of intergenerational solidarity of adult children associated with their choice of being a primary caregiver for aging parents in the Chinese American families. Methodology: Secondary data from PIETY study were used. Logistic regressions were conducted to examine the relationships between each dimension of intergenerational solidarity and the likelihood of being a primary caregiver to mother or father. Results: Associational solidarity (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.31, for father, OR = 1.27, for mother), normative solidarity ( OR = 1.06, for both father and mother), and structural solidarity ( OR = 0.95, for father, OR = 0.64, for mother) were significant associates of high chances of being primary caregivers for older parents. Discussion: Results from this study confirmed the importance of cultural construct of solidarity in caregiving choice. Practice implications for health care professionals, in particular the nurses were discussed.

Oh, Mother, Who Art Thou? : The Heart of Maternal Darkness in the Short Stories of Katherine Mansfield

Our culture assumes: No love is as great as that of a mother for her child. Motherhood has been perpetually associated with self-effacement and self-abnegation. Adrienne Rich while making a distinction between the actual lived experience of a mother and the institution of motherhood has argued that motherhood is a cultural construct and a far cry from the real experience of mothering. This article traces and examines representations of motherhood in the select short stories of Katherine Mansfield, in the light of Adrienne Rich’s theories in Of Woman Born. Much like Adrienne Rich, Mansfield discredits the traditional assumption that to be a mother is an essential pre-requisite to be a ‘real woman’. Mansfield’s women characters unleash a plurality of voices that aid the readers at viewing maternity as an ambiguous experience. Instead of romanticizing and idealizing the mother-daughter relationship, she offers a problematic connection between both the figures, often pitting them as rivals against each other. Her women characters progressively revolt from within the four walls of the household by their intermittent display of anger and deliberate attempts at failing to conform to the monolithic ideals of femininity.