Birds of a Feather: An Examination of ADHD Symptoms and Associated Concerns in Partners of Adults with ADHD

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472097855
Author(s):  
Christina M. Steele ◽  
Brian T. Wymbs ◽  
R. Elizabeth Capps
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Increase Risk

Objective: Adults often select romantic partners who behave like they do (i.e. assortative mating). However, little is known about whether assortative mating is common among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and whether it is related to associated problems. Method: About 94 adults without ADHD, 43 adults with childhood ADHD histories but without current symptoms or impairment (ADHD-Desist), 27 adults with childhood ADHD histories and elevated current symptoms and impairment (ADHD-Persist) rated their partners’ ADHD symptoms and their own associated problems (e.g., intimate partner violence, financial difficulties). Results: The ADHD-Persist group reported that their partners exhibited more ADHD symptoms than the ADHD-Desist group and those without ADHD. Adults in the ADHD-Persist group who had partners with elevated ADHD symptoms endorsed high intimate partner violence and financial difficulties. Conclusion: Assortative mating appears to be common among adults with ADHD, especially those with persistent symptoms, and to increase risk of additional problems.

The Impact of ADHD Treatment on Intimate Partner Violence in a Forensic Psychiatry Setting

2019 ◽  
pp. 108705471987950
Author(s):  
Nannet J. L. Buitelaar ◽  
Jocelyne A. Posthumus ◽  
Denise Bijlenga ◽  
Jan K. Buitelaar
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Forensic Psychiatry ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Adhd Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The current longitudinal impact of treatment of ADHD on intimate partner violence (ITAP) study aims to investigate whether decrease of ADHD symptoms is associated with reduction of intimate partner violence (IPV) frequency in IPV offenders with ADHD in a forensic psychiatry setting. Method: Of n = 209 offenders of IPV with ADHD, frequency of IPV and ADHD symptoms were assessed at the 8th, 16th, 24th, and 52nd weeks of their combined treatment for ADHD and IPV. Results: We observed a significant decrease of self-reported ADHD symptoms (large effect size, d ≥ 0.80) and all IPV outcomes (small, d > 0.20, to large, d > 0.80, effect sizes). The decrease in IPV was mainly associated with the decrease in ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: As IPV treatment alone is not effective in the reduction of IPV in forensic psychiatry, we now have strong indications that the combined treatment of adult ADHD and IPV is more effective in offenders with ADHD.

The Combined and Independent Impact of Witnessed Intimate Partner Violence and Child Maltreatment

Partner Abuse ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Watson MacDonell
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Long Term Impact

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive issue, generating startling facts regarding its detrimental societal effects. There is also considerable overlap between witnessing IPV and experiencing childhood maltreatment. The current article reviews the state of the knowledge about the short- and long-term impact of witnessing IPV as well as a review of the literature exploring the unique impact of experiencing both IPV and maltreatment compared to witnessing only. Seventy-three articles were included in the present review. Negative outcomes in youth have been reported in both the internalizing and externalizing domains of functioning, in health and cognitive domains, as well as in youth’s relationships with family, peers, and romantic partners. The current literature suggests that these negative impacts persist into adulthood. Mixed results, whether there are significant additive effects of witnessing IPV and child maltreatment compared to witnessing IPV only, were found in youth and again into adulthood. Policy implications and recommendations for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals Associations of intimate partner violence and financial adversity with familial homelessness in pregnant and postpartum women: A 7-year prospective study of the ALSPAC cohort

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245507
Author(s):  
Caitlin S. Chan ◽  
Aaron L. Sarvet ◽  
Archana Basu ◽  
Karestan Koenen ◽  
Katherine M. Keyes
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
The Uk

Objective To determine whether emotional and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) and financial adversity increase risk of incident homelessness in pregnancy and the post-partum period. Study design Data were drawn from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, which starting in 1990 mailed questionnaires to 14,735 mothers in the UK, over 7 years from pregnancy onwards. Marginal structural models and multiple imputation were used to address time-varying confounding of the primary variables, testing for interaction between concurrent emotional/physical IPV and financial adversity, and adjusted for baseline age, ethnicity, education, partner’s alcohol use, parity, depression, and social class. Results Emotional IPV (HR 1.44 (1.13,1.84)), physical IPV (HR 2.05 (1.21,3.49)), and financial adversity (HR 1.59 (1.44,1.77)) each predicted a multiplicative increase in the discrete-time hazard of incident homelessness. We identified joint effects for concurrent emotional IPV and financial adversity (HR 2.09 (1.35,3.22)) and concurrent physical IPV and financial adversity (HR 2.79 (1.21,6.44)). We further identified a temporary decline in self-reported physical IPV among mothers during pregnancy and up to 8 months post-partum. Conclusions Emotional and physical IPV and financial adversity independently and jointly increase the risk of incident homelessness. The effects of emotional and physical IPV are comparable to or greater than the risk of financial adversity. Homelessness prevention policies should consider IPV victims as high-risk, regardless of financial status. Furthermore, self-reported physical IPV declines temporarily during pregnancy and up to 8 months post-partum. Screening for IPV in this period may miss high-risk individuals.

scholarly journals MEDIATING PRECARITY THROUGH MOBILE APPS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragan Glover-Rijkse ◽  
Melissa Stone ◽  
Megan Alyssa Fletcher ◽  
Gayas Eapen
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Systemic Intervention ◽  
Location Sharing ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
False Sense

This panel analyzes the use of mobile apps to mediate experiences of precarity—that is threats to life and livelihood itself. While we acknowledge that mobile apps offer opportunities to form networks of resistance, many apps also pose substantial risks to users. To begin to articulate these risks, the presentations in this panel consider case studies of several apps targeted at mediating experiences of precarity. First, we offer an analysis of “safety-oriented mobility” apps, which help users to avoid location-specific instances of harassment and violence. This presentation argues that that these apps can reinforce harmful homogeneity in spaces, enable surveillance of marginalized populations, and provide a false sense of security to users. Following this, we examine apps that have responded to intimate partner violence. In this presentation, we suggest that these mobile apps do very little to protect their users from harm and, instead, provide a short-term distraction from underlying issues. Finally, we look to LBGTQ+ apps aimed at finding romantic partners or coordinating sexual encounters through location sharing. In this presentation, we suggest that these apps pose risks of unwanted exposure and discrimination, particularly due to an uptick in data breaches and leaks. We conclude this panel by offering a collective statement that argues for systemic intervention addressing the inequalities within society but, until that time comes, we argue for measures that secure these mobile apps (and the data contained therein) and protect their users.

scholarly journals Childhood ADHD Potentiates the Association Between Problematic Drinking and Intimate Partner Violence

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 997-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. Wymbs ◽  
Christine A. P. Walther ◽  
JeeWon Cheong ◽  
Katherine A. Belendiuk ◽  
Sarah L. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Problem Drinkers ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Problematic Drinking ◽  
Childhood Adhd

Objective: Excessive alcohol consumption increases risk of perpetrating intimate partner violence (IPV). ADHD is associated with problematic drinking and IPV, but it is unclear whether problem drinkers with ADHD are more likely than those without ADHD to perpetrate IPV. Method: We compared the strength of association between problem drinking trajectories and IPV perpetration among 19- to 24-year-old men with ( n = 241) and without ( n = 180) childhood ADHD. Results: Men with ADHD who reported higher heavy episodic drinking or alcohol use problems at age 19, and slower decreases in alcohol use problems from age 19 to 24, were more likely to perpetrate IPV than problem drinkers without ADHD, among whom the same associations were non-significant. Associations between problem drinking and IPV were not attenuated in adults with ADHD upon controlling for antisocial personality disorder. Conclusion: Study findings highlight the heightened risk of problem drinkers with ADHD perpetrating IPV.

scholarly journals Risk of Intimate Partner Violence Among Young Adult Males With Childhood ADHD

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Wymbs ◽  
Brooke Molina ◽  
William Pelham ◽  
JeeWon Cheong ◽  
Elizabeth Gnagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Young Adult Males

Guns, Alcohol, and Intimate Partner Violence: The Epidemiology of Female Suicide in New Mexico

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenora Olson ◽  
Frank Huyler ◽  
Arthur W Lynch ◽  
Lynne Fullerton ◽  
Deborah Werenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Injury Death ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Suicide is among the leading causes of death in the United States, and in women the second leading cause of injury death overall. Previous studies have suggested links between intimate partner violence and suicide in women. We examined female suicide deaths to identify and describe associated risk factors. We reviewed all reports from the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator for female suicide deaths occurring in New Mexico from 1990 to 1994. Information abstracted included demographics, mechanism of death, presence of alcohol/drugs, clinical depression, intimate partner violence, health problems, and other variables. Annual rates were calculated based on the 1990 census. The New Mexico female suicide death rate was 8.2/100,000 persons per year (n = 313), nearly twice the U. S. rate of 4.5/100,000. Non-Hispanic whites were overrepresented compared to Hispanics and American Indians. Decedents ranged in age from 14 to 93 years (median = 43 years). Firearms accounted for 45.7% of the suicide deaths, followed by ingested poisons (29.1%), hanging (10.5%), other (7.7%), and inhaled poisons (7.0%). Intimate partner violence was documented in 5.1% of female suicide deaths; in an additional 22.1% of cases, a male intimate partner fought with or separated from the decedent immediately preceding the suicide. Nearly two-thirds (65.5%) of the decedents had alcohol or drugs present in their blood at autopsy. Among decedents who had alcohol present (34.5%), blood alcohol levels were far higher among American Indians compared to Hispanics and non-Hispanic Whites (p = .01). Interpersonal conflict was documented in over 25% of cases, indicating that studies of the mortality of intimate partner violence should include victims of both suicide and homicide deaths to fully characterize the mortality patterns of intimate partner violence.

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