High-resolution computed tomography evaluation of the bronchial lumen to vertebral body diameter and pulmonary artery to vertebral body diameter ratios in anesthetized ventilated normal cats

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1007-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tekla M Lee-Fowler ◽  
Robert C Cole ◽  
A Ray Dillon ◽  
D Michael Tillson ◽  
Rachel Garbarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Body Diameter ◽  
Bronchial Lumen ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter ◽  
Lung Lobes

Objectives Bronchial lumen to pulmonary artery diameter (BA) ratio has been utilized to investigate pulmonary pathology on high-resolution CT images. Diseases affecting both the bronchi and pulmonary arteries render the BA ratio less useful. The purpose of the study was to establish bronchial lumen diameter to vertebral body diameter (BV) and pulmonary artery diameter to vertebral body diameter (AV) ratios in normal cats. Methods Using high-resolution CT images, 16 sets of measurements (sixth thoracic vertebral body [mid-body], each lobar bronchi and companion pulmonary artery diameter) were acquired from young adult female cats and 41 sets from pubertal female cats. Results Young adult and pubertal cat BV ratios were not statistically different from each other in any lung lobe. Significant differences between individual lung lobe BV ratios were noted on combined age group analysis. Caudal lung lobe AV ratios were significantly different between young adult and pubertal cats. All other lung lobe AV ratios were not significantly different. Caudal lung lobe AV ratios were significantly different from all other lung lobes but not from each other in both the young adult and pubertal cats. Conclusions and relevance BV ratio reference intervals determined for individual lung lobes could be applied to both young adult and pubertal cats. Separate AV ratios for individual lung lobes would be required for young adult and pubertal cats. These ratios should allow more accurate evaluation of cats with concurrent bronchial and pulmonary arterial disease.

High-resolution CT evaluation of bronchial lumen to vertebral body, pulmonary artery to vertebral body and bronchial lumen to pulmonary artery ratios in Dirofilaria immitis-infected cats with and without selamectin administration

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 928-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tekla M Lee-Fowler ◽  
Robert C Cole ◽  
A Ray Dillon ◽  
Shannon Graham ◽  
D Michael Tillson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Percentage Change ◽  
Bronchial Lumen ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology

Objectives The bronchial lumen to pulmonary artery (BA) ratio is utilized to evaluate pulmonary pathology on CT images. The BA ratio may be unreliable when changes are present in bronchial and pulmonary arteries concurrently. Bronchial lumen to vertebral body (BV) and pulmonary artery to vertebral body (AV) ratios have been established in normal cats and may serve as an alternative. This study aimed to evaluate the BV, AV and BA ratios in cats before and after infection with Dirofilaria immitis, with and without selamectin administration, and to characterize the distribution of disease. Methods Archived CT images were reviewed from three groups of cats: D immitis-infected untreated (n = 6); infected pretreated with selamectin (n = 6); and uninfected untreated (n = 5). The BV, AV and BA ratios were calculated for all lung lobes for baseline (D0) and day 240 (D240) postinfection. Ratios and percentage change from baseline were compared between lobes and between groups. Results BV and AV ratios were more consistent in identifying abnormalities when disease was present in bronchial and arteries concurrently than BA ratios. Infected untreated cats had significant changes in both BV and AV ratios and percentage change from baseline. Abnormal BV and AV ratios were noted in the infected selamectin group, although less widely distributed. Conclusions and relevance The BV and AV ratios more accurately identified bronchial and pulmonary artery abnormalities in D immitis-infected cats. Both bronchial and pulmonary artery changes were present in infected cats, decreasing the diagnostic application of the BA ratio. Pulmonary artery changes were more widely distributed than bronchial changes in the lung. Heartworm-infected cats receiving selamectin had bronchial and pulmonary artery changes but to a lesser extent than untreated heartworm-infected cats. The CT-derived BV and AV ratios are a useful measure to evaluate lung disease of cats.

scholarly journals Lung Lobe Segmentation Based on Lung Fissure Surface Classification Using a Point Cloud Region Growing Approach

Algorithms ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Ping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Surface Classification ◽  
Lobe Segmentation ◽  
Lung Lobes

In anatomy, the lung can be divided by lung fissures into several pulmonary lobe units with specific functions. Identifying the lung lobes and the distribution of various diseases among different lung lobes from CT images is important for disease diagnosis and tracking after recovery. In order to solve the problems of low tubular structure segmentation accuracy and long algorithm time in segmenting lung lobes based on lung anatomical structure information, we propose a segmentation algorithm based on lung fissure surface classification using a point cloud region growing approach. We cluster the pulmonary fissures, transformed into point cloud data, according to the differences in the pulmonary fissure surface normal vector and curvature estimated by principal component analysis. Then, a multistage spline surface fitting method is used to fill and expand the lung fissure surface to realize the lung lobe segmentation. The proposed approach was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated on a public dataset from Lobe and Lung Analysis 2011 (LOLA11), and obtained an overall score of 0.84. Although our approach achieved a slightly lower overall score compared to the deep learning based methods (LobeNet_V2 and V-net), the inter-lobe boundaries from our approach were more accurate for the CT images with visible lung fissures.

Spontaneous lung lobe torsion in two pugs

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB Rooney ◽  
O Lanz ◽  
E Monnet
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Respiratory Effort ◽  
Stapling Device ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
One Year ◽  
Lung Lobes

Two, young adult, male pugs presented for spontaneous left-cranial lung lobe torsions. Clinical signs associated with these two cases included increased weakness, increased respiratory effort, tachypnea, acute collapse, lethargy, anorexia, and cyanosis. The torsed lung lobes were excised using a thoracoabdominal stapling device without detorsing the lobes. Both dogs recovered uneventfully, and at least one year postoperatively, no clinical abnormalities were noted by their owners. Results of this report suggest that spontaneous lung lobe torsion in pugs occurs and should be a differential diagnosis for pugs with increased respiratory effort, tachypnea, nonproductive cough, acute collapse, cyanosis, and lethargy. Surgical excision may be curative.

Influences of Anesthetics in term of Computed Tomography Bronchial Lumen to Pulmonary Artery Diameter Ratio in Beagle Dogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Jong-su Lim ◽  
Tae-sung Hwang ◽  
Young-min Yoon ◽  
Dong-in Jung ◽  
Seong-chan Yeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Bronchial Lumen ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter

Predictors of Pulmonary Hypertension on High-resolution Computed Tomography of the Chest in Systemic Sclerosis: A Retrospective Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Kumar Pandey ◽  
Pearce Wilcox ◽  
John R. Mayo ◽  
Donald Sin ◽  
Robert Moss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter

Purpose To evaluate the imaging features on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest and the clinical parameters that are associated with pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis. We specifically investigated whether main pulmonary artery (MPA) diameter and burden of lung fibrosis are predictors of pulmonary hypertension in these patients. Methods We retrospectively retrieved the database information of patients with systemic sclerosis seen at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2008. A total of 75 patients had HRCT of the chest, pulmonary function testing (PFT), and echocardiography within 6 months of each other. The echocardiography images were reviewed by a level-3 echocardiographer, and 29 cases were excluded because of suboptimal evaluation of pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. Peak PA pressures and PFT of the remaining 46 cases (43 women and 3 men) were charted. The PFT included total lung capacity (TLC), diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monooxide (DLCO) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). The HRCT of the chest of each patient was read by a chest radiologist. The extent of ground glass, reticulation, and honeycombing was objectively scored. The maximum diameter of the main pulmonary artery (MPAD) and ascending aorta were measured. The ratio of main pulmonary artery diameter and ascending aortic diameter (MPAD/AD) and ratio of main pulmonary artery diameter and body surface area (MPAD/BSA) were also calculated. Results Statistical analysis done by using a multivariate model showed that the calculated fibrotic score strongly correlated with peak PA pressures ( P < .001). MPAD ( P = .0175), and the ratio MPAD/AD ( P = .0102) also showed a statistically significant correlation with peak PA pressures. By using stepwise regression analysis, the fibrotic score was found to be the most reliable independent predictor of pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion HRCT-determined severity and extent of pulmonary fibrosis may be helpful in screening for pulmonary hypertension in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Effect of sympathectomy on pulmonary embolism-induced lung edema

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Kabins ◽  
J. Fridman ◽  
M. Kandelman ◽  
H. Weisberg
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Pulmonary Infarction ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Contralateral Lung ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Lung Lobes

A localized pulmonary infarction was produced by injecting a starch suspension into the pulmonary artery wedge position of one lung lobe in pentobarbitalized dogs, and the effect of bilateral surgical removal of the sympathetic chain was determined. Edema is significantly inhibited in ipsilateral and contralateral lung lobes of sympathectomized dogs. It is concluded that the sympathetic nervous system plays a major role as an efferent path in reflex production of pulmonary edema by starch emboli in the dog. There is, incidentally, evidence that sympathectomy lowers the pressure gradient between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary arterial wedge position in the dog.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document