scholarly journals White Matter Hyperintensities and Medication Adherence

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen C. Insel ◽  
Sheryl L. Reminger ◽  
Chao-Pin Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Prefrontal Function

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with hypertension, age, and cognitive function, but the association between WMH and medication adherence has not been examined. The intent of this investigation was to consider the potential implications of hypertension-related brain morphological changes on medication adherence and thereby improve understanding of the self-management consequences of hypertension. The associations between WMH, blood pressure, age, cognitive function (specifically assessments of prefrontal function), and medication adherence were examined in 16 middle-aged and older adults self-managing at least one prescribed antihypertensive agent. Magnetic resonance imaging using an axial fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence was used to assess the presence of WMH. Cognitive assessments included measures of executive function, working memory, attention, and immediate recall. Adherence was monitored for 8 weeks using electronic medication monitoring. More WMH were associated with poorer adherence (rs = —.25) and with higher systolic blood pressure (rs = .46), although these relationships were not statistically significant. WMH were associated with cognitive assessments in the expected direction including Digit Span Backward (rs = —.53, p < .05). Adherence was associated with immediate memory (rs = .54, p < .05) and inversely associated with failure to maintain set on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST; r s = —.61, p < .05). These findings provide preliminary evidence for the association between WMH, assessments of prefrontal function, and medication adherence.

White Matter Hyperintensities and Apolipoprotein E Affect the Association Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Objective and Subjective Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Youjin Jung ◽  
Raymond P. Viviano ◽  
Sanneke van Rooden ◽  
Jeroen van der Grond ◽  
Serge A.R.B. Rombouts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
The Relationship

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) show a robust relationship with arterial pressure as well as objective and subjective cognitive functioning. In addition, APOE ɛ4 carriership may influence how arterial pressure affects cognitive functioning. Objective: To determine the role of region-specific WMH burden and APOE ɛ4 carriership on the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cognitive function as well as subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods: The sample consisted of 87 cognitively unimpaired middle-aged to older adults aged 50–85. We measured WMH volume for the whole brain, anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), forceps minor, and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). We examined whether WMH burden mediated the relationship between MAP and cognition (i.e., TMT-A score for processing speed; Stroop performance for executive function) as well as SCD (i.e., Frequency of Forgetting (FoF)), and whether APOE ɛ4 carriership moderated that mediation. Results: WMH burden within SLF mediated the effect of MAP on Stroop performance. Both whole brain and ATR WMH burden mediated the effect of MAP on FoF score. In the MAP–WMH–Stroop relationship, the mediation effect of SLF WMH and the effect of MAP on SLF WMH were significant only in APOE ɛ4 carriers. In the MAP–WMH–FoF relationship, the effect of MAP on whole brain WMH burden was significant only in ɛ4 carriers. Conclusion: WMH burden and APOE genotype explain the link between blood pressure and cognitive function and may enable a more accurate assessment of the effect of high blood pressure on cognitive decline and risk for dementia.

High Prevalence of White Matter Hyperintensities in Normal Aging: Relation to Blood Pressure and Cognition

Cortex ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 1093-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
H SODERLUND ◽  
L NYBERG ◽  
R ADOLFSSON ◽  
L NILSSON ◽  
L LAUNER
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Regional white matter hyperintensities: aging, Alzheimer's disease risk, and cognitive function

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex C. Birdsill ◽  
Rebecca L. Koscik ◽  
Erin M. Jonaitis ◽  
Sterling C. Johnson ◽  
Ozioma C. Okonkwo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Disease Risk

scholarly journals Volume of white matter hyperintensities increases with blood pressure in patients with hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3681-3689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Zunyu Ke ◽  
Wenbo He ◽  
Zhiyou Cai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Fazekas Scale

Objective Hypertension is a risk factor for development of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). However, the relationship between hypertension and WMHs remains obscure. We sought to clarify this relationship using clinical data from different regions of China. Methods We analyzed the data of 333 patients with WMHs in this study. All included patients underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. A primary diagnosis of WMHs was made according to MRI findings. The volume burden of WMHs was investigated using the Fazekas scale, which is widely used to rate the degree of WMHs. We conducted retrospective clinical analysis of the data in this study. Results Our findings showed that WMHs in patients with hypertension were associated with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, history of cerebral infarct, and plasma glucose and triglyceride levels. Fazekas scale scores for WMHs increased with increased blood pressure values in patients with hypertension. Conclusion This analysis indicates that hypertension is an independent contributor to the prevalence and severity of WMHs.

An Exploratory Study of Pathways from White Matter Hyperintensities to Cognitive Impairment through Depressive Symptoms Using Structural Equation Modeling: A Cross Sectional Study in Patients with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
Chang Hyun Lee ◽  
Do Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to model the relationships among white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), depressive symptoms, and cognitive function and to examine the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between WMHs and cognitive impairment.Methods:We performed structural equation modeling using cross-sectional data from 1158 patients from the Clinical Research for Dementia of South Korea (CREDOS) registry who were diagnosed with mild-to-moderate dementia. Periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PWMHs) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMHs) were obtained separately on the protocol of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Depression and cognitive function were assessed using the Korean Form of the Geriatric Depression Scale (KGDS) and the Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB), respectively.Results:The model that best reflected the relationships among the variables was the model in which DWMHs affected cognitive function directly and indirectly through the depressive symptoms; on the other hand, PWMHs only directly affected cognitive function.Conclusions:This study presents the mediation model including the developmental pathway from DWMHs to cognitive impairment through depressive symptoms and suggests that the two types of WMHs may affect cognitive impairment through different pathways.

Nighttime Blood Pressure and White Matter Hyperintensities in Patients With Parkinson Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 811-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Sang Oh ◽  
Joong-Seok Kim ◽  
Dong-Won Yang ◽  
Ja-Seong Koo ◽  
Yeong-In Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Nighttime Blood Pressure

scholarly journals Biomarkers for Cognitive Aging Part II

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen C. Insel ◽  
Ida M. Moore ◽  
Amy N. Vidrine ◽  
David W. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Medication Monitoring ◽  
Sorting Test

The purpose of this study was to further examine potential biomarkers of cognitive aging by looking at the associations among oxidative stress, cognitive abilities, and medication adherence in a community-based sample of middle-aged and older adults ( n = 42; mean age = 69 years) prescribed at least one medication for hypertension. In addition to measures described in Part I, “Biomarkers for Cognitive Aging,” a 12-hr urine collection for F2-isoprostanes served as an indicator of oxidative stress. Participants completed a battery of cognitive assessments and 8 weeks of electronic medication monitoring for adherence to one antihypertensive agent. Oxidative stress was significantly associated with logical memory, immediate ( r = −.38, p < .01) and delayed recall ( r = −.42, p < .01), and recognition memory ( r = −.42, p < .01) from the Wechsler Memory Scale III, number of perseveration errors ( r = .26, p < .05) and categories achieved ( r = −.26, p < .01) on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT), and medication adherence ( r = −.34, p <.05). Findings indicate that a biomarker of oxidative stress, F2-isoprostanes corrected for vitamin E, is significantly associated with cognitive measures and a functional outcome.

[P3-405]: RELATION BETWEEN COGNITIVE FUNCTION AND WHITE MATTER HYPERINTENSITIES: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS FROM TATA LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGING

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7S_Part_23) ◽  
pp. P1119-P1119
Author(s):  
Ranjini Garani Ramesh ◽  
Simran Purokayastha ◽  
Mahendra Javali ◽  
Suvarna Alladi ◽  
Naren Prahalada Rao
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities
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