scholarly journals Metabolic Profiling of Blood and Urine for Exploring the Functional Role of the Microbiota in Human Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-457
Author(s):  
Ana F. Diallo ◽  
Mark B. Lockwood ◽  
Katherine A. Maki ◽  
Alexis T. Franks ◽  
Abhrarup Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
State Of The Science

The quantification of metabolites in blood and urine allows nurses to explore new hypotheses about the microbiome. This review summarizes findings from recent studies with a focus on how the state of the science can influence future nursing research initiatives. Metabolomics can advance nursing research by identifying physiologic/pathophysiologic processes underlying patients’ symptoms and can be useful for testing the effects of nursing interventions. To date, metabolomics has been used to study cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, autoimmune, and infectious conditions, with research focused on understanding the microbial metabolism of substrates resulting in circulating/excreted biomarkers such as trimethylamine N-oxide. This review provides specific recommendations for the collection of specimens and goals for future studies.

scholarly journals Historical view on the attempts to understand the function of sleep in the school of Ivan Pavlov and his Russian forerunners and followers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 2514183X1983476
Author(s):  
Ivan N Pigarev ◽  
Marina L Pigareva
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
The State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Function Of Sleep

We reviewed the ideas of Ivan Pavlov and his Russian forerunners (Ivan Tarkhanov and Maria Manaseina) and followers (Nikolai Rozjanskiy and Konstantin Bykov) on the functional role of sleep. This analysis led to the conclusion that the state of sleep is connected with functional operations that have not been considered in the past and are also not being investigated in present neuroscience. Thus, a real understanding of the function of sleep may only come with a new neurophysiological paradigm.

Identification of Helminth Parasites from Selar crumenophthalmus in Grenada, West Indies

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1244-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAUDIA S. DUNDAS ◽  
DANIEL M. FITZPATRICK ◽  
JOHN S. McKIBBEN ◽  
VICTOR A. AMADI ◽  
RHONDA D. PINCKNEY
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Future Studies

ABSTRACT Grenada is a tropical island country reliant on local fish for food and export. Specifically, Selar crumenophthalmus, known locally as jacks or bigeye scad, is commonly consumed by residents and visitors to the island. To date, there are no data about the prevalence of different helminths in S. crumenophthalmus in Grenada. In particular, it was unknown if Anisakis, a genus containing parasitic nematodes, implicated in both fish and human disease, is of concern for local fish and human health. In this study, 39 samples of S. crumenophthalmus were dissected and assessed for helminth infection. Of these fish, 26 (67%) contained helminths in and around the internal organs (mean, 3.6 helminths per infected fish). DNA was extracted from each helminth, followed by PCR, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, or Sanger sequencing or a combination of them to identify the parasites. Results confirmed that 89 (96%) of 93 helminths identified were Anisakis typica, and the remaining four helminths were likely acanthocephalans. Neither is considered pathogenic to humans, livestock, or companion animals. To our knowledge, this is the first report of either type of helminth in fish in Grenada. Future studies are needed to ascertain the role of A. typica and acanthocephalans in fish health in Grenada, including any association with observed fish kills. Additional studies are also needed to identify other helminths found in S. crumenophtalamus, which may be of importance to its health and also human health. HIGHLIGHTS

Normalization of microbiota in gynecological practice. Criteria for selection of probiotic

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
N.A. Tsubanova ◽  
◽  
T.V. Sevastyanova ◽  
E.S. Tsubanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
The State ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The article analyzes modern research on the functional activity of microbiota and its relationship to the state of human health. A detailed consideration of the role of dysbiosis in gynecological practice. Requirements for modern probiotic drugs are given. It is established that one of the drugs that meet modern criteria is the multi-probiotic probiotic Probiz Femina (Organosyn), for which a sufficient evidence base has been accumulated, which makes it an effective and safe probiotic for many cohorts of patients. Key words: microbiota, dysbiosis, multi-probiotic probiotic Probiz Femina.

scholarly journals Markers and Biomarkers of Endothelium: When Something Is Rotten in the State

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Goncharov ◽  
Alexander D. Nadeev ◽  
Richard O. Jenkins ◽  
Pavel V. Avdonin
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
The State ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Endothelial Phenotype ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
Methodological Approaches

Endothelium is a community of endothelial cells (ECs), which line the blood and lymphatic vessels, thus forming an interface between the tissues and the blood or lympha. This strategic position of endothelium infers its indispensable functional role in controlling vasoregulation, haemostasis, and inflammation. The state of endothelium is simultaneously the cause and effect of many diseases, and this is coupled with modifications of endothelial phenotype represented by markers and with biochemical profile of blood represented by biomarkers. In this paper, we briefly review data on the functional role of endothelium, give definitions of endothelial markers and biomarkers, touch on the methodological approaches for revealing biomarkers, present an implicit role of endothelium in some toxicological mechanistic studies, and survey the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in modulation of endothelial status.

AatmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan: a tool to revive Uttar Pradesh handloom sector

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabiha Khatoon ◽  
Ayesha Iffat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The study aims to analyse the challenges faced by the Indian Handloom Sector with a special focus on the state of Uttar Pradesh before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study further explores the benefits of AatmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan for the betterment of the livelihood of the COVID-19–hit handloom weavers and allied workers. Design/methodology/approach A total of 400 handloom weavers and allied workers from ten cities of Uttar Pradesh were contacted through telephone. Descriptive statistics were applied to measure the awareness about the government welfare schemes and the benefits of these schemes. Furthermore, satisfaction and opinion of the handloom weavers and allied workers regarding the benefits and sufficiency of the funds received under these schemes have also been measured. Findings Based on the results, the least awareness has been noted about government welfare schemes. However, a small number of weavers and allied workers were found beneficiaries of the schemes. Additionally, the majority of the respondents were found dissatisfied with the benefits. The COVID-19 pandemic is an addendum to the plight of handloom weavers and allied workers. The measures of AatmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan could be used to aid weavers and allied workers to restore their lost revenue. Research limitations/implications This study has limitations. Firstly, the research is limited to the handloom industry of Uttar Pradesh. Future researchers could consider the handloom sector of other states like Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh, known for hand-woven clothes. Secondly, this study aims to analyse the role of AatmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan in improving the living conditions of handloom weavers and allied workers and not to measure the impact of the Abhiyan on handloom weavers or the handloom sector. Researchers could measure the impact in future studies. Thirdly, the authors have not applied any behavioural theory or marketing models such as the Theory of Reasoned Action or the Blackwell model, which may be applied to study the attitude of handloom weavers towards welfare schemes. This may prove to be a potential direction for future research. Additionally, master weavers and handloom cooperatives societies were excluded while collecting the data. Future researchers could consider them to examine the role of the government’s welfare schemes for uplifting the socio-economic condition of the handloom weavers, allied workers, master weavers and the business of cooperative societies. Finally, due to lockdown and travel ban, the authors were forced to limit their survey to telephone only because of which they could not get the qualitative information in full. Researchers for future studies could visit the handloom concentrated areas personally or take the help of an enumerator for data collection. Practical implications The research holds significance for the young and competent designers, handloom weavers and allied workers. Designers could work with and hire handloom weavers of Uttar Pradesh. If designers and weavers work together, it will help them restore their business and generate revenue that they have lost due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, policymakers can collaborate with designers, which will help enhance the socio-economic condition of handloom weavers and allied workers, which has deteriorated due to the COVID-19 crisis. Originality/value The research holds significance from the point of view of exploring the challenges faced by handloom weavers and allied workers of the state of UP before and during the COVID-19 period while examining the role of AatmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan in setting off these challenges.

scholarly journals Cytoglobin as a Biomarker in Cancer: Potential Perspective for Diagnosis and Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsha C. Bholah ◽  
Vidushi S. Neergheen-Bhujun ◽  
Nikolas J. Hodges ◽  
Sabrina D. Dyall ◽  
Theeshan Bahorun
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Early Cancer Detection ◽  
Research Initiatives

The search for biomarkers to detect the earliest glimpse of cancer has been one of the primary objectives of cancer research initiatives. These endeavours, in spite of constant clinical challenges, are now more focused as early cancer detection provides increased opportunities for different interventions and therapies, with higher potential for improving patient survival and quality of life. With the progress of the omics technologies, proteomics and metabolomics are currently being used for identification of biomarkers. In this line, cytoglobin (Cygb), a ubiquitously found protein, has been actively reviewed for its functional role. Cytoglobin is dynamically responsive to a number of insults, namely, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. Recently, it has been reported that Cygb is downregulated in a number of malignancies and that an induced overexpression reduces the proliferative characteristics of cancer cells. Thus, the upregulation of cytoglobin can be indicative of a tumour suppressor ability. Nevertheless, without a comprehensive outlook of the molecular and functional role of the globin, it will be most unlikely to consider cytoglobin as a biomarker for early detection of cancer or as a therapeutic option. This review provides an overview of the proposed role of cytoglobin and explores its potential functional role as a biomarker for cancer and other diseases.

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