Understanding physical educators’ perceptions of mattering

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Andrew R. Richards ◽  
Karen Lux Gaudreault ◽  
Amelia Mays Woods
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceived Mattering

Previous research has illustrated that physical educators feel their subject is valued less than others in the context of schools. However, to date, no instruments have been developed to measure physical education teachers’ perceptions of mattering. This study sought to propose and validate the Perceived Mattering Questionnaire – Physical Education (PMQ-PE). In total, 460 physical educators completed an online survey that measured perceived mattering, role stress, and resilience. Data analysis began with exploratory factor analysis to identify a stable two-factor structure that measured physical educators’ perceptions that they matter and that the discipline of physical education matters. Next, confirmatory factor analysis was used to affirm the factor structure and to examine convergent, discriminant, and divergent validity. The model was a good fit for the data and the PMQ-PE correlated positively with resilience and negatively with role stress. These analyses support initial validation of the PMQ-PE.

Investigating the Relationships Between Perceived Mattering, Role Stress, and Psychological Need Satisfaction in Physical Education Teachers

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Nicholas S. Washburn ◽  
K. Andrew R. Richards ◽  
Oleg A. Sinelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Psychological Need ◽  
Fit Index ◽  
Perceived Mattering ◽  
Psychological Need Satisfaction

Purpose: Despite being linked with motivationally supportive instruction, little research has investigated antecedents to physical educators’ psychological need satisfaction. This study examined relationships between physical educators’ perceived mattering, role stress, and psychological need satisfaction. Method: The participants included 472 in-service physical educators (232 males and 240 females) from the eastern United States who completed an online survey. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate a conceptual model detailing the relationships among study variables. Results: The conceptual model was a good fit for the data, χ2(358) = 657.16, p < .001, root mean square error of approximation = .042 (90% confidence interval [.037, .047], p = .996), standardized root mean residual = .051, nonnormalized fit index = .949, comparative fit index = .955. Generally, perceived mattering influenced role ambiguity and relatedness satisfaction. Role overload and role ambiguity are negatively associated with competence satisfaction, and role conflict is negatively associated with autonomy satisfaction. Discussion: The findings indicate that elevating physical education teachers’ perceived mattering may reduce role stress and increase psychological need satisfaction.

Workplace Experiences of Adapted Physical Educators: A Comparison of Educators With and Without National Certification

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Wilson ◽  
Steven K. Holland ◽  
Justin A. Haegele ◽  
K. Andrew R. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Adapted Physical Education ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Workplace Experiences ◽  
Adapted Physical Educators ◽  
Perceived Mattering

Purpose: To better understand the workplace experiences of adapted physical education teachers with particular attention given to differences between those with and without Adapted Physical Education National Standards certification. Role socialization theory was used as the theoretical framework to explore how teachers navigate the contexts of their work environment. Methods: The participants included a total of 233 adapted physical education teachers, 131 with certification and 102 without it. The participants completed an online survey examining marginalization and isolation, perceived mattering, role stress, resilience, job satisfaction, perceived organizational support, and emotional exhaustion. Results: Certified adapted physical educators perceived less marginalization and role ambiguity and more perceived mattering than their noncertified counterparts. Discussion/Conclusion: These findings are consistent with other research suggesting the positive association between workplace experiences and advanced certifications. As the requirements for certification continue to advance and change, this study highlights the need for the continued study of advanced certification.

scholarly journals Factor Structure and Gender Invariance Testing for the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-217
Author(s):  
Leilani A. Madrigal ◽  
Vincenzo Roma ◽  
Todd Caze ◽  
Arthur Maerlender ◽  
Debra Hope
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This study aimed to provide further psychometric validation of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) by assessing the factor structure, invariance across gender, and convergent and divergent validity of the SAS-2 by correlating both related (i.e., anxiety sensitivity, brief fear of negative evaluation, intolerance of uncertainty, and negative affect) and unrelated constructs (i.e., positive affect, self-confidence). A total of 542 current and former competitive athletes completed a questionnaire through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk system. All data were collected via online survey. Participants were randomly assigned to an exploratory factor analysis (n = 271) and confirmatory factor analysis group (n = 271). Results indicated that both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the three-factor model of anxiety involving somatic anxiety, worry, and concentration disruption. Additionally, this study found the SAS-2 to be reliable, gender invariant, and have strong construct validity. Our findings extend the generalizability of the SAS-2 in more varied populations of athletic backgrounds.

scholarly journals Job demands and resources scale for physical education teachers: Is it valid in Turkish culture?

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Mustafa Engur ◽  
Olcay Kiremitci ◽  
Berkcan Boz
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Job Resources ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Turkish Language ◽  
Job Demands And Resources

The aim of the study was to adapt job demands and resources scale for Physical Education (PE) teachers into Turkish language. Two hundered and nineteen PE teachers participated in this study. In the scope of validity analyses of the scale, different techniques were used and expert opinion was obtained for the language content validity, while exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed for construct validity. Results of EFA showed that two main factors explained 34.91% of variance. CFA results revealed that the indices examined in terms of construct were at a good level with regards to data fit. In reliability analyses, internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.74 for the whole, 0.81 for job demands and 0.74 for job resources from the main factors. Results reveal that job demands-resources scale for PE teachers is reliable and valid for Turkish population.   Keywords: Physical education teacher, job demands, job resources, validity, reliability.

Physical education teachers’ perceptions of perceived mattering and marginalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Andrew R. Richards ◽  
Karen Lux Gaudreault ◽  
Jenna R. Starck ◽  
Amelia Mays Woods
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Perceived Mattering

scholarly journals Exploring the influence of perceived mattering, role stress, and emotional exhaustion on physical education teacher/coach job satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Andrew R Richards ◽  
Nicholas S Washburn ◽  
Michael A Hemphill
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Physical Education Teacher ◽  
Education Teacher ◽  
Perceived Mattering

Job dissatisfaction has been linked to decreased performance and increased workplace turnover. It is, therefore, important to understand the experiences that are associated with physical education teacher job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. This study examined relationships among perceived mattering, role stress, emotional exhaustion, and job satisfaction in teacher/coaches and non-coaching physical education teachers. The participants included 500 physical educators (251 females, 249 males) from the United States. Most participants (91.20%) were Caucasian, and over half (53.60%) coached. Data were collected using an online survey, and analyzed using latent variable modeling procedures. Results supported the conceptual framework, χ2(214) = 511.49, p < .001, RMSEA = .052 (90% CI = [.046, .058], p = .216), SRMR = .06, NNFI = .95, CFI = .96, and commonly experienced pathways were invariant across coaching and non-coaching groups. A key goal for schools should be to increase teacher perceived mattering and reduce role stress and emotional exhaustion.

scholarly journals Diseño y validación del cuestionario “#EvalEF” para conocer el proceso de evaluación desarrollado por los docentes de educación física (Design and validation of “#EvalEF” questionnaire to value assessment processes developed by physical education teacher

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Maite Zubillaga Olague ◽  
Laura Cañadas
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Reliable Instrument ◽  
Final Questionnaire ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Academic Year

  Esta investigación tiene como finalidad diseñar y validar un cuestionario para conocer la autopercepción de los docentes de educación física sobre los procesos de evaluación que llevan a cabo en su aula. Para el diseño se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en torno al objeto de estudio. Posteriormente se realizó la validación de contenido contando con la participación de 5 jueces expertos. Para valorar la fiabilidad del cuestionario se contó con 469 docentes de educación física en activo. Se comprobó la consistencia interna de la escala global y de cada una de sus dimensiones. Se realizó un análisis exploratorio para conocer la estructura latente de la escala y este se ratificó a través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio. La información se recogió durante el curso 2019/2020. Se empleó el programa SPSS v.22 y SPSS Amos v.26. El cuestionario final está compuesto por 81 ítems de respuesta cerrada (Likert 1-6). Los resultados muestran la fiabilidad de la escala (α =.94). El análisis factorial exploratorio muestra la existencia de 6 factores, estructura que quedó posteriormente confirmada (RMSEA=.08). Por tanto, el cuestionario desarrollado es un instrumento válido y fiable para conocer la percepción de los docentes de educación física sobre los procesos de evaluación que llevan a cabo en su aula. Abstract. The aim of this research is to design and validate a questionnaire to know the self-perception of physical education teachers about the assessment processes they carry out in their classroom. For the design, a bibliographic review was conducted about the object of study. Afterwards, the content validation was carried out with the participation of 5 expert judges. In order to assess the reliability of the questionnaire, 469 active physical education teachers participated. The internal consistency of the global scale was assessed. Then, an exploratory analysis was conducted to know the latent structure of the scale which was ratified through a confirmatory factor analysis. Information was gathered during 2019/2020 academic year. SPSS v.22 and SPSS Amos v.26 programs were used. The final questionnaire is composed of 81 closed-response items (Likert 1-6). The results show the reliability of the scale (α =.94). The exploratory factor analysis shows the existence of 6 factors, a structure that was later confirmed (RMSEA=.08). Therefore, the developed questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument to know the perception of physical education teachers about the assessment processes they carry out in their classroom.

scholarly journals Examining the Perceived Sports Literacy of Physical Education Teachers, Trainers and Sports Managers in Terms of Various Variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Meral Demir ◽  
Mümine Soytürk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Subject

Introduction and Purpose: UNESCO stated that literacy in the most general sense should include not only reading and writing, but also components of knowledge, thinking, communication, language, culture, and social practice (as cited in Lounsbery & McKenzie 2015). The main purpose of this study is to examine the perceived sports literacy of physical education teachers, trainers, and sports managers in terms of various variables. Furthermore, the validity and reliability level of the scale used in the study, developed by Sum et al., (2016) and adapted into Turkish by Ülker (2019), is examined in the subject group.Method: 103 physical education teachers, 55 trainers and 28 sports managers working in Manisa participated in the study. The “Perceived Sports Literacy Scale” (PSLS) and “Personal Information Form” were used to obtain the data. The data were evaluated using the Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test, internal consistency for reliability, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct validity.Results: The gender and team supporter variables did not make a difference to PSLS scores. PSLS scores in all sub-dimensions were found to be higher and significant for those who did regular physical activity (RPA) compared to those who did not, while “confidence in psychomotor knowledge and ability” and “communication and lifelong sports consciousness” scores of trainers were found to be higher and significant compared to those of other occupational groups. As a result of the EFA and CFA analysis, it was seen that the scale was divided into 17 items and 3 sub-dimensions.Conclusion: It was concluded that doing RFA and being a trainer were effective in having higher PSLS scores than those of other participants, while the gender and team supporter variables were ineffective. The scale is a measurement tool that provides psychometric qualities to measure the sports literacy levels of sports sector employees.

scholarly journals Measuring Perceived Transfer of Responsibility Learning From Physical Education: Initial Validation of the Transfer of Responsibility Questionnaire

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Wright ◽  
K. Andrew R. Richards ◽  
Jennifer M. Jacobs ◽  
Michael A. Hemphill
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Instrument Development ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose: Research indicates that physical education can be an effective setting for promoting positive values, attitudes, and behaviors that transfer to other settings. However, there is a lack of instrumentation to assess the cognitive and motivational aspects of the transfer process. Therefore, this study proposed and validated the Transfer of Responsibility Questionnaire (ToRQ).Methods: After instrument development and pilot testing, an initial version of the ToRQ was completed by 442 adolescents. Data analysis began with exploratory factor analysis followed by confirmatory factor analysis.Results: The exploratory factor analysis yielded a stable three-factor structure that measured the participants’ cognitive and motivational processes related to transfer. This factor structure was affirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, which also examined convergent and discriminant validity.Discussion/Conclusion: The model was a good fit for the data, and the ToRQ correlated positively with related scales from an existing life skill transfer survey. These analyses support the initial validation of the ToRQ.

Students from refugee backgrounds in physical education: A survey of teachers’ perceptions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2110007
Author(s):  
Fabienne Bartsch ◽  
Ingo Wagner ◽  
Bettina Rulofs
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
School Type ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Migration Experiences

Sport and physical education are considered important platforms for introducing people from refugee backgrounds to their new environment. However, studies dealing with the specific role of physical education in this context are scarce, although it is often the first and sometimes only setting in which people from refugee backgrounds come into contact with sport in the host country. To this end, this study attempts to shed light on how teachers—considered key actors in the resettlement process—perceive students from refugee backgrounds and their integration in physical education. In this study, teachers’ perceptions are defined as individually constructed truths influenced by biographical circumstances (migration experiences), socio-demographic characteristics (gender) and the environment (school type). We used integration theories to operationalise teachers’ perceptions, from which we derived a three-dimensional structure: cultural, structural-positional and communicative-interactive dimensions. Drawing on this theoretical foundation, quantitative data from a questionnaire administered to 491 physical education teachers in Germany were analysed using exploratory factor analysis, t-tests and variance analysis. The factor analysis resulted in a three-factor solution. The mean value comparison of the factors on the descriptive level revealed that the communicative-interactive dimension had slightly higher values than the other two dimensions. Furthermore, there were significant differences in perceptions in terms of gender and school type. Based on our findings, we suggest that teachers should be made aware that their views on students are never neutral and are shaped by various factors, especially gender and school type.

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