scholarly journals Depression, anxiety, and stress from substance-use disorder among family members in Iceland

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jóna Ólafsdóttir ◽  
Steinunn Hrafnsdóttir ◽  
Tarja Orjasniemi
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale

Aims: This research was designed to explore the extent to which the use of alcohol or drugs by one member of a family affects the psychosocial state of other family members. The study asks whether family members of substance abusers are more likely to report increased depression, anxiety and stress then the general population in Iceland? Are there significant differences between family members; e.g., spouses, parents, adult children and siblings by gender, age, education and income? Data and methods: The instrument used for this purpose is the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), which is designed to measure those three related mental states. It was administered to 143 participants (111 women and 32 men) with ages ranging from 19–70 years on the first day of a four-week group therapy programme for relatives of substance use disorder (SUD) at The Icelandic National Centre for Addiction Treatment (SÁÁ) from August 2015 to April 2016. Thirty participants are adult children of a parent with SUD, 47 are a spouse, 56 are parents of a child with SUD and 10 are siblings. The subscales of the DASS for depression, anxiety, and stress were utilised to examine which family member – parent, child, partner, or sibling – presented the behaviour associated with SUD. Results: 36% or more of the respondents in all three subscales had average, serious, or very serious depression, anxiety, and/or stress. This is higher than in DASS studies of the general population in Iceland. However, the analysis indicates that it made little difference to the family’s wellbeing which family member was affected by SUD.

scholarly journals ‘Everything Collapses Once Again’: Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Close Relatives of Icelanders With SUD

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jóna M. Ólafsdóttir ◽  
Tarja Orjasniemi ◽  
Steinunn Hrafnsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Substance Abusers ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Chemically Dependent ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Phase

Background: This research explores the extent to which the use of alcohol or drugs by one member of a family affects the mental health and psychosocial state of other family members. Are Icelander family members of substance abusers more likely to report increased depression, anxiety, and stress compared to the general population? Are there significant differences between family members, such as spouses, parents, adult children, and siblings? And do family members express their feelings and experience in a similar way?Methods: To answer such questions, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) was used to measure those three negative mental states. In the quantitative phase, the study investigated the differences in the average reported responses on the DASS in families with a chemically dependent parent, sibling, spouse/partner, or child. For the qualitative phase of the research, sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted with relatives of individuals afflicted with Substance Use Disorder (SUD).Results: Over 35% of the DASS respondents in all three subscales (depression, anxiety, stress) were found to have average, serious, or very serious depression, anxiety, and/or stress. The interviews revealed interesting differences among how the behaviour of the family member with SUD affected each kind of relative: parents, children, siblings, and spouses.Conclusion and Applications: The results of this study can be used to improve and promote treatment for the whole family as a unit, as well as for individual family members, and can help social professionals to better understand the effects of substance dependence on families, family systems, and public health in general.

scholarly journals Co -occurring Mental Disorders among In-patients in a Substance use Disorder Treatment Center in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
D M Makput
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Plateau State

Patients with psychoactive substance use disorders (SUD) often have co- occurring medical and mental disorders. This occurs as a result of a number of factors, for instance, drug abuse may facilitate the full expression of a latent psychiatric disorder; mental disorder may lead to SUD (drugs used for self- medication; or both SUD and mental disorders are caused by the same underlying brain deficit such as genetic vulnerability, neurotransmitter abnormality, structural or functional abnormality, and so on. After obtaining ethical clearance, the case notes of all patients who were admitted in the Centre for Addiction Treatment and Research, (CATR) Vom, Plateau state throughout the first quarter of year 2019 were traced. A systematic random sample of every third consecutive patient was selected beginning with the first patient admitted and relevant data were collected and analyzed. A total of fourty- eight (48) in-patients were analyzed. Ninety -four percent (94%) of the patients were males, the mean age of 23.6 + 5 years with 46% being below 25 years of age. Fourty-six percent (46%) had cannabis as their primary drug followed by alcohol (32%) and opioids (28%). Only 1 % had a history of injecting drug use. Twenty-nine percent (29%) of the SUD patients had co-occurring depression, nine percent (8%) had anxiety disorder, and five percent (4%) had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in addition to their substance use disorder. In line with sustainable development goals (SDG) goal 3.5 which seeks to “strengthen prevention and treatment of substance abuse including narcotics drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol”; identifying co-occurring mental disorders among patients with substance use disorders is one way of moving closer towards achieving this SDG.

Mothers Caring for Adult Children With Substance Use Disorder: Understanding Lived Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 084456212110374
Author(s):  
Oona St-Amant ◽  
Jasna K. Schwind
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Anticipatory Grief ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Mothers Experiences

Background Most persons with substance use disorder (SUD) live in family settings. In the absence of adequate mental health services, mothers are often called upon to provide care for their adult children with SUD. Despite positive outcomes such as decreased rates of hospitalization associated with family involvement, mothers are often stigmatized within the health care systems as contributors to trauma and/or family dysfunction. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore mothers’ lived experience of caring for adult children with SUD. Method Guided by critical feminist theory, this study used interpretive descriptive qualitative research design to identify patterns within mothers’ experiences for practical relevance and application to service provision. Results The findings yielded in this study identified mothers’ experiences as: longing for wellness, identity as loving mother, loss, anticipatory grief, shame and blame and feeling excluded from services. Ultimately, the findings from this study extend the limited research to date on mothers’ experiences of stigma, especially when they are blamed for their child’s illness. Conclusions Findings from this study advocate for family-centered approaches that attend to mothers’ unique experience, from their standpoint, and offer recommendations for change to service provision.

Bulimia comorbidity in the general population and in the clinic

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bushnell ◽  
J. E. Wells ◽  
J. M. McKenzie ◽  
A. R. Hornblow ◽  
M. A. Oakley-Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Base Rates ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Bulimic Women

SynopsisThis study compares rates of comorbidity of lifetime psychiatric disorder in a clinical sample of women with bulimia, with general population base rates, and with rates of comorbidity among bulimic women in the general population. Eighty-four per cent of the clinical sample of bulimic women had a lifetime affective disorder, and 44% a lifetime alcohol or drug disorder. These rates of disorder were significantly higher than the base rates in the general population. Bulimic women in the general population also had more affective and substance-use disorders than the general population base rates, but the rates of these disorders were lower than found in the clinical sample. In the general population, quite similar rates of other disorders including generalized anxiety, panic, phobia and obsessive–compulsive disorder, are found among those with bulimia, substance-use disorder and depression. Furthermore, among those with depression and substance-use disorder in the general population, rates of eating disorder are comparable. Rather than suggesting a specific relationship between bulimia and either depression or substance-use disorder, the data from this study suggest that the presence of any disorder is associated with a non-specific increase in the likelihood of other psychiatric disorder.

scholarly journals Young adults’ reasons for dropout from residential substance use disorder treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Nordheim ◽  
Espen Walderhaug ◽  
Ståle Alstadius ◽  
Ann Kern-Godal ◽  
Espen Arnevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
User Perspective ◽  
Substance Use Disorder Treatment ◽  
Drug Craving ◽  
Disorder Treatment

Dropout from substance use disorder treatment is usually investigated and understood from a perspective of quantitative patient-related factors. Patients’ own perspectives (user perspective) are rarely reported. This study, therefore, aimed to explore patients’ own understanding of their dropout from residential substance use disorder treatment. The participants were 15 males and females, aged 19–29 years, who had dropped out of residential substance use disorder treatment at the Department of Addiction Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Norway. Qualitative methodology with semistructured interviews was used to explore how the participants described their dropout and their reasons for doing so. Thematic analysis was used as the framework for analyzing the data derived from the interviews. Dropout had different meanings for different participants. It was understood as a break from treatment, as an end to treatment, or as a means of reduced treatment intensity. Against that background, four main themes for dropout were found: drug craving, negative emotions, personal contact, and activity. Patient and treatment factors seem to interact when participants explore reasons for their dropout. A complex pattern of variables is involved. As remedies, participants suggested that substance use disorder treatment should provide more focus on drug craving and training to understand and tolerate emotional discomfort. They also wanted closer contact with the staff during treatment, more activities, and rigorous posttreatment follow-up. These findings from the user perspective have important implications for substance use disorder treatment, clinical and social work practice, management, and research.

scholarly journals Co -occurring Mental Disorders among In-patients in a Substance use Disorder Treatment Center in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
D M Makput
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Plateau State

Patients with psychoactive substance use disorders (SUD) often have co- occurring medical and mental disorders. This occurs as a result of a number of factors, for instance, drug abuse may facilitate the full expression of a latent psychiatric disorder; mental disorder may lead to SUD (drugs used for self- medication; or both SUD and mental disorders are caused by the same underlying brain deficit such as genetic vulnerability, neurotransmitter abnormality, structural or functional abnormality, and so on. After obtaining ethical clearance, the case notes of all patients who were admitted in the Centre for Addiction Treatment and Research, (CATR) Vom, Plateau state throughout the first quarter of year 2019 were traced. A systematic random sample of every third consecutive patient was selected beginning with the first patient admitted and relevant data were collected and analyzed. A total of fourty- eight (48) in-patients were analyzed. Ninety -four percent (94%) of the patients were males, the mean age of 23.6 + 5 years with 46% being below 25 years of age. Fourty-six percent (46%) had cannabis as their primary drug followed by alcohol (32%) and opioids (28%). Only 1 % had a history of injecting drug use. Twenty-nine percent (29%) of the SUD patients had co-occurring depression, nine percent (8%) had anxiety disorder, and five percent (4%) had Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in addition to their substance use disorder. In line with sustainable development goals (SDG) goal 3.5 which seeks to “strengthen prevention and treatment of substance abuse including narcotics drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol”; identifying co-occurring mental disorders among patients with substance use disorders is one way of moving closer towards achieving this SDG.

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