Bulimia comorbidity in the general population and in the clinic

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bushnell ◽  
J. E. Wells ◽  
J. M. McKenzie ◽  
A. R. Hornblow ◽  
M. A. Oakley-Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Base Rates ◽  
Specific Increase ◽  
Bulimic Women

SynopsisThis study compares rates of comorbidity of lifetime psychiatric disorder in a clinical sample of women with bulimia, with general population base rates, and with rates of comorbidity among bulimic women in the general population. Eighty-four per cent of the clinical sample of bulimic women had a lifetime affective disorder, and 44% a lifetime alcohol or drug disorder. These rates of disorder were significantly higher than the base rates in the general population. Bulimic women in the general population also had more affective and substance-use disorders than the general population base rates, but the rates of these disorders were lower than found in the clinical sample. In the general population, quite similar rates of other disorders including generalized anxiety, panic, phobia and obsessive–compulsive disorder, are found among those with bulimia, substance-use disorder and depression. Furthermore, among those with depression and substance-use disorder in the general population, rates of eating disorder are comparable. Rather than suggesting a specific relationship between bulimia and either depression or substance-use disorder, the data from this study suggest that the presence of any disorder is associated with a non-specific increase in the likelihood of other psychiatric disorder.

Co-occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use disorder in the general population

Addiction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (12) ◽  
pp. 2178-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rianne M. Blom ◽  
Maarten Koeter ◽  
Wim van den Brink ◽  
Ron de Graaf ◽  
Margreet ten Have ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Assessment and Treatment of Kleptomania

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon E. Grant ◽  
Brian L. Odlaug ◽  
Suck Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

Kleptomania, a disabling impulse control disorder, is characterized by repetitive and uncontrollable theft of items that are of little if any use. Kleptomania often goes undiagnosed or is misdiagnosed as a mood disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or a substance use disorder. Unlike typical shoplifters, individuals with kleptomania steal for symptomatic relief rather than personal gain. Although the etiology of kleptomania is unknown, various biological and psychosocial theories may explain why some individuals develop kleptomania. Although cognitive behavioral therapy has shown early promise in treating kleptomania in case reports, the only controlled data for treatment involve the use of the opioid antagonist naltrexone.

scholarly journals Substance use disorders in an obsessive compulsive disorder clinical sample

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria C. Mancebo ◽  
Jon E. Grant ◽  
Anthony Pinto ◽  
Jane L. Eisen ◽  
Steven A. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism in Iranian general and clinical samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Moloodi ◽  
Abbas Pourshahbaz ◽  
Parvaneh Mohammadkhani ◽  
Ladan Fata ◽  
Ata Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background Studies in Western cultures have shown that perfectionism is conceptualized by two-factor higher-order model including perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. However, little is known about the construct of perfectionism in Eastern societies. Thus, we examined the two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism in Iranian general and clinical samples. Methods We recruited a general population sample (n = 384) and patients with major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and eating disorders (n = 152) from Tehran, Iran from September 2016 to December 2017. They completed the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire, Perfectionism Inventory, and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21. Results The two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism showed adequate fit with data for females from the general population and clinical sample. Data for males were only available from the general population, and the model showed adequate fit with the data first after removing the Rumination scale of the perfectionistic concerns. The perfectionistic strivings dimension showed no or negative association with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, but perfectionistic concerns dimension showed positive correlation with these indices in all samples for both males and females. Conclusions The results support the two-factor higher-order model of perfectionism in samples of Iranian females from the general population and clinical sample. However, the results were different for males from the general population. In other words, the modified two-factor higher-order model showed acceptable fit with the data for males from the general population only after removing the Rumination scale from perfectionistic concerns. These differences among males and females were discussed.

Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory – Child Version (OCI-CV) in General Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tíscar Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽  
Antonio Godoy ◽  
José A. Piqueras ◽  
Aurora Gavino ◽  
Agustín E. Martínez-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
General Populations ◽  
Report Measure

Abstract. Evidence-based assessment is necessary as a first step for developing psychopathological studies and assessing the effectiveness of empirically validated treatments. There are several measures of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and/or symptomatology in children and adolescents, but all of them present some limitations. The Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) by Foa and her colleagues has showed to be a good self-report measure to capture the dimensionality of OCD in adults and adolescents. The child version of the OCI (OCI-CV) was validated for clinical children and adolescents in 2010, showing excellent psychometric properties. The objective of this study was to examine the factor structure and invariance of the OCI-CV in the general population. Results showed a six-factor structure with one second-order factor, good consistency values, and invariance across region, age, and sex. The OCI-CV is an excellent inventory for assessing the dimensions of OCD symptomatology in general populations of children and adolescents. The invariance across sex and age warrants its utilization for research purposes.

scholarly journals Symmetry Dimension in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: Prevalence, Severity and Clinical Correlates

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Aline P. Vellozo ◽  
Leonardo F. Fontenelle ◽  
Ricardo C. Torresan ◽  
Roseli G. Shavitt ◽  
Ygor A. Ferrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Axis I

Background: Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a very heterogeneous condition that frequently includes symptoms of the “symmetry dimension” (i.e., obsessions and/or compulsions of symmetry, ordering, repetition, and counting), along with aggressive, sexual/religious, contamination/cleaning, and hoarding dimensions. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence, severity, and demographic and clinical correlates of the symmetry dimension among 1001 outpatients from the Brazilian Research Consortium on Obsessive–Compulsive Spectrum Disorders. The main assessment instruments used were the Dimensional Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale, the USP-Sensory Phenomena Scale, the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories, the Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale, and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests, Student’s t-tests, and Mann–Whitney tests were used in the bivariate analyses to compare patients with and without symptoms of the symmetry dimension. Odds ratios (ORs) with confidence intervals and Cohen’s D were also calculated as effect size measures. Finally, a logistic regression was performed to control for confounders. Results: The symmetry dimension was highly prevalent (86.8%) in this large clinical sample and, in the logistic regression, it remained associated with earlier onset of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, insidious onset of compulsions, more severe depressive symptoms, and presence of sensory phenomena. Conclusions: A deeper knowledge about specific OCD dimensions is essential for a better understanding and management of this complex and multifaceted disorder.

Correlates of Youth Suicide Attempters in Australian Community and Clinical Samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Carter ◽  
Cathy Issakidis ◽  
Kerrie Clover
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Health Related

Objective: This study (i) explores differences between a clinical sample of deliberate selfpoisoning (DSP) patients and a community sample who reported previous attempted suicide (AS); and (ii) examines correlates of suicidal behaviour in these groups compared with a community control group (CC) with no suicidal behaviour. Method: The study design was: case–case, case–control and cross-sectional population studies. A clinical sample of DSP (n = 51), a community sample of AS (n = 31) and a community sample with no suicidal behaviour (n = 842) were used, all aged 18–24 years. The DSP and AS groups were compared on several variables and two logistic regression models were developed for risk of (i) DSP and (ii) AS compared to community controls. Results: The adjusted odds ratios for DSP were: female gender (OR = 5.7, CI = 1.7–19.4), anxiety (OR = 7.4, CI = 2.2–25.1), affective (OR = 23.0, CI = 6.9–76.5), or substance-use disorder (OR = 19.2, CI = 5.6–65.4) and greater mental health related disability (OR = 0.5, CI = 0.3–0.7 for 1 SD decrease). For AS the results were: anxiety (OR = 9.4, CI = 1.7–52.8) or substance-use disorder (OR = 3.0, CI = 1.1–8.7) and greater mental health disability (OR = 0.5, CI = 0.4–0.7). Affective disorder was close to significant for the AS group (OR = 4.0, CI = 0.9–17.1). Conclusions: Correlates of DSP/AS were usually more powerful in the clinical group, but showed a similar pattern of psychiatric disorder and disability factors in both groups, supporting a continuum of risk factors across these groups. Interventions based on modifiable risk factors could target the same factors for public health, primary care or hospital populations: anxiety, depression and substance use disorders and mental health related disability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document