scholarly journals Opportunity recognition among migrant entrepreneurs

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lassalle
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Niche Market ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurs ◽  
Household Migration ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision

This article examines the decision-making process of Polish migrant entrepreneurs (MEs) using the theoretical lens of opportunity recognition, which has not yet been applied to MEs. First, the article provides empirical evidence on Polish MEs in Glasgow on the incremental nature of their entrepreneurial decisions, their ability to perceive opportunities in the community niche market located in the local opportunity structure and the role played by the household context, highlighting that starting-up is a household and not an individual decision. Second, building on the opportunity recognition literature, the article proposes the concept of haphazard entrepreneurship in the case of MEs. The concept encompasses notions of serendipity and mixed embeddedness and recognizes the importance of household migration and settlement strategies in entrepreneurial decision-making.

Minimizing Missed Opportunities: Modeling Relationships between the State and Business in Russia

2009 ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
A. Oleynik
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Common Good ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Power Domination ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Optimal Outcomes

Power involves a number of models of choice: maximizing, satisficing, coercion, and minimizing missed opportunities. The latter is explored in detail and linked to a particular type of power, domination by virtue of a constellation of interests. It is shown that domination by virtue of a constellation of interests calls for justification through references to a common good, i.e. a rent to be shared between Principal and Agent. Two sources of sub-optimal outcomes are compared: individual decision-making and interactions. Interactions organized in the form of power relationships lead to sub-optimal outcomes for at least one side, Agent. Some empirical evidence from Russia is provided for illustrative purposes.

scholarly journals Uncalculating cooperation is used to signal trustworthiness

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (31) ◽  
pp. 8658-8663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian J. Jordan ◽  
Moshe Hoffman ◽  
Martin A. Nowak ◽  
David G. Rand
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Romantic Love ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Present Experimental Evidence ◽  
Do So

Humans frequently cooperate without carefully weighing the costs and benefits. As a result, people may wind up cooperating when it is not worthwhile to do so. Why risk making costly mistakes? Here, we present experimental evidence that reputation concerns provide an answer: people cooperate in an uncalculating way to signal their trustworthiness to observers. We present two economic game experiments in which uncalculating versus calculating decision-making is operationalized by either a subject’s choice of whether to reveal the precise costs of cooperating (Exp. 1) or the time a subject spends considering these costs (Exp. 2). In both experiments, we find that participants are more likely to engage in uncalculating cooperation when their decision-making process is observable to others. Furthermore, we confirm that people who engage in uncalculating cooperation are perceived as, and actually are, more trustworthy than people who cooperate in a calculating way. Taken together, these data provide the first empirical evidence, to our knowledge, that uncalculating cooperation is used to signal trustworthiness, and is not merely an efficient decision-making strategy that reduces cognitive costs. Our results thus help to explain a range of puzzling behaviors, such as extreme altruism, the use of ethical principles, and romantic love.

scholarly journals The Role of Emotions in Economic Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Öztopçu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Cognitive Error ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Economic Decision Making ◽  
Individual Effects

Decision making points out to the consequences of past or future behaviors. An individual has to make decisions on all subjects throughout his life. An important part of these decisions are economic decisions. Individuals make decisions such as renting, buying, buying new goods, migrating, changing jobs, making investments, enterprise, choosing holidays, evaluating savings. Non-rational decisions are observed although individuals should make rational decision, according to mainstream economics. In this study, the effects of the emotions that form the basis of psychology, such as time, option constraint, opportunities, risk taking, risk aversion, procrastination, rush, or uncertainty, inconsistency, intuitive movement, cognitive error in the decision-making process of individuals are discussed. For this purpose, the characteristics of decision-making process, individual effects of cognitive of emotions, individual decision making theorems in economic theory and behavioral economics literature are mentioned. It is thought that the role of emotions that shape behaviors should be known in the regulation of economic life that is determined according to human behavior.

scholarly journals Bank Lobbying

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (171) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Igan ◽  
Thomas Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Regulatory Capture ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

In this paper, we discuss whether and how bank lobbying can lead to regulatory capture and have real consequences through an overview of the motivations behind bank lobbying and of recent empirical evidence on the subject. Overall, the findings are consistent with regulatory capture, which lessens the support for tighter rules and enforcement. This in turn allows riskier practices and worse economic outcomes. The evidence provides insights into how the rising political power of banks in the early 2000s propelled the financial system and the economy into crisis. While these findings should not be interpreted as a call for an outright ban of lobbying, they point in the direction of a need for rethinking the framework governing interactions between regulators and banks. Enhanced transparency of regulatory decisions as well as strenghtened checks and balances within the decision-making process would go in this direction.

scholarly journals Determinants Of Consumer Decision Making Of A Common Ticketing System In Bangkok’s Metropolitan Commuter Transportation Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 2025
Author(s):  
Peerakan Kaewwongwattana ◽  
Thepparat Phimolsathien ◽  
Paitoon Pimdee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Commuter Rail ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
External Variables

The word "commuter" is an American invention. In the 1840s people living in the suburbs could pay a reduced or "commuted" fare to use the trains to get into the cities. The world's worst commute is in Bangkok, Thailand, where people spend about 2 hours a day travelling to and from work. At peak times the average speed of traffic in Bangkok is 7 mph with the total number of vehicles with Bangkok license plates hitting 8.55 million, double the 4.28 registered in 2004. There is hope however as Bangkok during this period has delivered several commuter rail systems. The 15 year old ‘Skytrain’ system has just passed its 2 billionth rider while the 10 year old subway sees 240,000 riders a day. Bangkok’s newest airport ‘rail-link’ system to the suburban international airport while designed for air travelers, has become an access point for suburban commuters. With these three systems however there is no common ticketing system that allows transfer between systems, thus the reason for this paper’s research. Simple Random Sampling was used to obtain questionaries’ from 300 Bangkok commuters in which it was determined that individual decision making has the greatest influence, both directly and indirectly, on the use of a common ticketing system. External variables has the second greatest influence, again both directly and indirectly with a commuter’s personal habits influencing the decision making process in only a limited but direct way. 

Decision Making in SMEs

2014 ◽  
pp. 301-314
Author(s):  
Gizem Öksüzoğlu-Güven
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Ethical Ideologies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision

This chapter explores theories and concepts of ethical decision making in SMEs and how individuality of entrepreneurs affects their organisations. In order to investigate the entrepreneurial ethical decision-making process, the chapter crossbreeds the concepts of greed and power, cognitive moral development, ethical ideologies, and individual psychological characteristics as determinant of ethical decision making. Through discussion of relevant models, the chapter presents arguments on determinants of individual ethical decision making as well as external factors that influence the decision-making process. In doing so, it aims to provide a distinctive perspective on understanding decision making in SMEs through forming a bridge between individual moral psychology and entrepreneurial decision making. This understanding enables us to have an alternative reasoning when examining employment-related issues.

The Decision-Making Environment for the Entrepreneurial Student

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-78
Author(s):  
Simon Stephens ◽  
Roisin Lyons ◽  
Isobel Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Student Entrepreneurs ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Informational Cues ◽  
Entrepreneurial Decision ◽  
Socially Situated Cognition

Entrepreneurs are a product of their social environment. The manner by which they perceive opportunities; access or process information; and make decisions is, influenced by both social interaction, and their social background. Using insights from Socially Situated Cognition (SSC) theory, that posits one’s social environment can have a normative or informative effect on decision-making process we consider proximal social factors influencing the decision-making processes of student entrepreneurs. We propose that entrepreneurial education, networking, and incubation spaces provide direct information to students to aid entrepreneurial decision-making, and indirect informational cues that are situational, synergistic and omnipresent. Noting the multi-faceted and dynamic nature of the entrepreneurial journey of the student, we explore the potential effect of each of these factors on the student decision-making process. We discuss the implications of this inquiry from a researcher and educator perspective, and note the current challenges faced by student entrepreneurs in a socially distanced educational and entrepreneurial context. It is envisaged that this paper will serve as the basis for further thought and empiricism.

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