scholarly journals Classifications of health care systems: Do existing typologies reflect the particularities of the Global South?

2020 ◽  
pp. 146801812096931
Author(s):  
Gabriela de Carvalho ◽  
Achim Schmid ◽  
Johanna Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Global South ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Global North

Typologies are a useful and widely employed instrument in comparative research, including the study of health care systems. This study analyses the effectiveness of extant classifications in representing health care systems globally, examining whether existing literature adequately helps to understand health care systems of the Global South. To this end, the study highlights key elements of health care systems in the Global South, in particular limited resources, segmentation and the involvement of non-domestic/international actors. In a further step, we conduct a systematic literature review of typological scholarship on health care systems, in which 42 classifications are identified and analysed regarding regional coverage, methods, as well as the criteria and categories they include. The results point to major limitations: First, there is a general lack of representation and systematic classification of health care systems of the Global South. Second, there is a bias as criteria for classification are developed inductively based upon health care systems of the Global North. Consequently, existing typologies mostly fail to take into account the particularities of the countries beyond high-income economies. The study concludes by putting forth recommendations for developing a more comprehensive, globally applicable typological framework.

scholarly journals Sustainability of Biosimilars in Europe: A Delphi Panel Consensus with Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Arnold G. Vulto ◽  
Jackie Vanderpuye-Orgle ◽  
Martin van der Graaff ◽  
Steven R. A. Simoens ◽  
Lorenzo Dagna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Delphi Panel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Supply Risks ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Biosimilars have the potential to enhance the sustainability of evolving health care systems. A sustainable biosimilars market requires all stakeholders to balance competition and supply chain security. However, there is significant variation in the policies for pricing, procurement, and use of biosimilars in the European Union. A modified Delphi process was conducted to achieve expert consensus on biosimilar market sustainability in Europe. Methods: The priorities of 11 stakeholders were explored in three stages: a brainstorming stage supported by a systematic literature review (SLR) and key materials identified by the participants; development and review of statements derived during brainstorming; and a facilitated roundtable discussion. Results: Participants argued that a sustainable biosimilar market must deliver tangible and transparent benefits to the health care system, while meeting the needs of all stakeholders. Key drivers of biosimilar market sustainability included: (i) competition is more effective than regulation; (ii) there should be incentives to ensure industry investment in biosimilar development and innovation; (iii) procurement processes must avoid monopolies and minimize market disruption; and (iv) principles for procurement should be defined by all stakeholders. However, findings from the SLR were limited, with significant gaps on the impact of different tender models on supply risks, savings, and sustainability. Conclusions: A sustainable biosimilar market means that all stakeholders benefit from appropriate and reliable access to biological therapies. Failure to care for biosimilar market sustainability may impoverish biosimilar development and offerings, eventually leading to increased cost for health care systems and patients, with fewer resources for innovation.

scholarly journals Learning from health care in other countries: the prospect of comparative research

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Van Teijlingen ◽  
Cecilia Benoit ◽  
Ivy Bourgeault ◽  
Raymond DeVries ◽  
Jane Sandall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Reproductive Health Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Cross National ◽  
The Way

It is widely accepted that policy-makers (in Nepal and elsewhere) can learn valuable lessons from the way other countries run their health and social services. We highlight some of the specific contributions the discipline of sociology can make to cross-national comparative research in the public health field. Sociologists call attention to often unnoticed social and cultural factors that influence the way national reproductive health care systems are created and operated. In this paper we address questions such as: ‘Why do these health services appear to be operating successfully in one country, but not another?’; ‘What is it in one country that makes a particular public health intervention successful and how is the cultural context different in a neighbouring country?’ The key examples in this paper focus on maternity care and sex education in the Netherlands and the UK, as examples to highlight the power of cross-national research. Our key messages are: a) Cross-national comparative research can help us to understand the design and running of health services in one country, say Nepal, by learning from a comparison with other countries, for example Sri Lanka or India. b) Cultural factors unique to a country affect the way that reproductive health care systems operate. c) Therefore,we need to understand why and how services work in a certain cultural context before we start trying to implement them in another cultural context.

Examining the Opportunities of Social Networking Adoption in the Health Care Systems

2015 ◽  
pp. 173-189
Author(s):  
Peldon
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Healthcare Profession ◽  
Care Systems

Social Network Sites (SNSs) are known for providing the opportunity to quickly spread information faster than any other mode because of its ease of accessibility and ability to reach wider populations. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the opportunities of adopting Social Networking (SN) in the healthcare systems. Based on the current literature review, using a social network will enhance communication, collaboration, connection, coordination, and knowledge sharing. The healthcare profession of Bhutan undertook the survey for this study. Three new factors were generated from this study, namely 4Cs; it was found that the use of social networking enhances communication, coordination, collaboration, and connection with patients and among healthcare professionals. The second factor, Green and Sustainability, social networking enables the reduction of the carbon footprint, and the third factor is Exchange Knowledge via use of social networking.

scholarly journals Selected models and the classification of health care systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Piotr Rajfur
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Historical Outline ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Health Care Models ◽  
Care Models ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Methods Of Operation

Health care is a fundamental element of each country’s social policy. It is mainly organised and implemented through the adoption of a certain political framework (defined objectives and priorities), strategic and operational management (planning, organising, motivating and controlling), and generation of resources (e.g. defined activities of collection and distribution of financial resources, training of medical professionals, and the purchase of technology and pharmaceuticals). These principles are either formulated on the basis of already functioning health care models or bespoke models are being created. An important element of a given model is to define its mission (the reasons for its creation and operation), while such elements as the functions, objectives, resources and methods of operation attribute to its individual properties and values. Health care systems may be organised differently. Their main distinguishing features are the ownership (public, private or mixed), sources of financing (public, private or mixed) and management (centralised, dispersed), or they can be structured with regard to political aspects (single-centric, multi-centric and pluralistic). This article, based on the latest scientific developments, presents the historical outline of the selected models for health care systems and the new concepts regarding their classification. The article also offers theoretical analyses of those health systems, which have become the models for others. The aim of this article is to present the classification and the characteristics of the selected models for health care systems, both from the historical perspective and the perspective of those currently in operation. The documents analysis method was used, which included the leading positions in the Polish and foreign literature, in the field of the issues addressed, as well as the literature published by the related institutions. This topic is already being discussed within the literature of the subject, nevertheless it is still relevant and, due to its undeniable importance, deserves further examination because it directly or indirectly concerns every human being.

scholarly journals HOUT-24. CHALLENGES AND SUCCESSES IN THE GLOBAL REIMBURSEMENT OF A BREAKTHROUGH MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY FOR TREATMENT OF GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi117-vi117
Author(s):  
Justin Kelly ◽  
Christina Proescholdt
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Breakthrough Technology ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Care System

Abstract OBJECTIVE To highlight the challenges and differences regarding the reimbursement of breakthrough medical device technologies, by example of a novel cancer treatment using Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields). BACKGROUND TTFields is a breakthrough cancer treatment modality. The treatment is delivered through a medical device with the brand name Optune. Its efficacy was first established in glioblastoma multiforme. Reimbursement challenges for medical devices vary by. Common issues for novel device technologies like Optune however, are the difficulties to classify the treatment in the respective country’s health care system with the ability to develop a value-based reimbursement pathway. MATERIALS/METHODS We reviewed reimbursement decisions of payers for Optune from a total of 6 countries. We assessed their classification of the device, the flexibility of their health care framework and how Optune was implemented. RESULTS All 6 countries implemented Optune in their respective health care systems. 3 countries consider Optune to be an outpatient treatment delivered by durable medical equipment, one country classifies Optune as a hospital dispensed medical device, one country classifies Optune as an extended medical service and the last country as rehab services.The differential fitting of Optune in the respective country’s health care system allows each of the countries to take a positive, value-based reimbursement decision for this breakthrough technology. Generally, the speed of payer adoption for Optune varied based on the ability to assess the clinical data, rather than the more technical aspects of how the device is delivered to patients. CONCLUSIONS Classification of a breakthrough technology like Optune in the traditional framework of health care systems is challenging and handled differently by each country. Countries with a flexible approach regarding this novel oncological treatment modality however, were able to reach positive reimbursement decisions by classifying Optune in the category most suitable in the respective country’s health care system.

Informal street vending: a comparative literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Recchi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global South ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Global North ◽  
The One

PurposeInformal street vending is traditionally widespread and studied concerning developing countries. Nevertheless, recently, interest in the study of this practice has also increased regarding specific developed countries. The aim of the article is to contribute to overcoming the tendency to investigate this informal economy sector with different analytical lenses between the global South and global North and to highlight the usefulness of analyzing the phenomenon from a comparative perspective.Design/methodology/approachTherefore, the article represents a comparative review of the existing literature on informal street vending considering both the global South and global North.FindingsThe analysis revealed similarities and differences in the characteristics the phenomenon assumes in the two areas of the world while at the same time, showing how there are aspects mainly explored in the literature of southern countries and little explored in the literature of northern countries and vice-versa.Research limitations/implicationsThis analytical attempt allows us to highlight any gaps present in the literature, which may represent the basis for future comparative research on the topic. Comparative research will improve both theoretical and empirical knowledge of the phenomenon.Originality/valueOn the one hand, the article represents an innovative literature review attempt, as it explicitly compares the street vending between developing and developed countries. On the other hand, it represents the first academic contribution to review street vending in the global North.

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