The use of video to document tacit participation in an emergency operations centre

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giolo Fele
Keyword(s):  
Multimodal Interaction ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Dispatch Centre ◽  
Back Stage ◽  
Coordination And Collaboration ◽  
The Way

This article explores the use of video in qualitative research. In particular, it focuses on the ways video recordings can be used to document cooperative work and tacit participation in a work setting. The article first presents previous research on participation framework, cooperation and multimodal interaction, then examines a single episode of interaction in a medical emergency call and dispatch centre. The article discusses aspects of coordination and collaboration emerging from the interaction between two people; a call taker and a dispatcher, working side by side during the managing of an emergency call. It explores the way in which social interaction can be studied even when there is no apparent correlation between different courses of action and how video can be used in order to reveal such subtle interaction work. The article finally examines the way in which video can document back stage practices that are central to much work practice but that are hidden from official documents.

The sociality of minimizing involvement in self-service shops in Denmark: Customers’ multi-modal practices of being, getting, and staying out of the way

2021 ◽  
pp. 175048132110436
Author(s):  
Gitte Rasmussen ◽  
Elisabeth Dalby Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Multimodal Interaction ◽  
Social Involvement ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Tacit Coordination ◽  
Self Service ◽  
The Way

For some customers, the corona pandemic has turned e-shopping into a fine alternative to shopping in brick-and-mortar shops. For other customers in quarantine e-shopping is the only alternative. The long-lasting pandemic, however, has reminded us of the importance of social contacts and interactions – even if it’s just to go the supermarket to ‘mingle’. This paper investigates what ‘mingle’ means when shopping in physical self-service shops amongst unacquainted others in Denmark. It describes customers’ practice of doing self-service by organizing interaction to minimize social involvement. It shows how they, as a matter of fact, co-ordinate their conduct in ways that hampers possibilities for engaging in even small ‘ritual’ exchanges of talk. The paper draws upon a corpus of video recordings of customers’ self-service practices in shops in Denmark. In addition, the customers’ gaze was recorded with the mobile Tobii Pro X3 eye tracker. The study falls within the realm of ethnomethodological and conversation analytic studies of multimodal interaction. It concludes that self-service is achieved through co-present customers’ tacit coordination of multimodal actions in social interaction and that their practices work to achieve ‘effortlessly’ and ‘spontaneously’ being, getting, and staying out of the way, which seems to be an ideal for self-service shopping. Talk and moreover having a conversation seems to be an impediment to it.

Chains of Freedom

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane-Laure Arjaliès ◽  
Philip Grant ◽  
Iain Hardie ◽  
Donald MacKenzie ◽  
Ekaterina Svetlova
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Investment Performance ◽  
Front Stage ◽  
Back Stage ◽  
Investment Process ◽  
The Way

Chapter 2 begins the detailed examination of the investment chain. It introduces some of the main sets of intermediaries and what their jobs are. The chapter also sketches how those intermediaries enable and constrain each other and form audiences for each other’s presentations of self. Behind the pervasive ‘front-stage’ presentations of an orderly, rigorous investment process, suggests Chapter 2, there lies a normally hidden, more messy, Goffmanesque ‘back stage’ of failures, uncertainties, and sometimes dissent. The chapter also highlights the way in which the numbers that measure investment performance obscure the ethical-political, labour, and legal conditions that make them possible.

scholarly journals Mobile Application Design Emergency Medical Call for the Deaf using UCD Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risald Risald ◽  
Suyoto Suyoto ◽  
Albertus Joko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The People ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Audio Communication

<p>Deaf or hearing loss is a condition of inability to hear something, either totally or partially. Hearing loss greatly affects the life of a person in communicating with the people around him. Deaf people will be very difficult when in a medical emergency, this is because the medical emergency situation requires fast action.</p><p>          The Healthy Phone application is a mobile medical emergency call application that can help people with hearing impaired when in emergency situations. With the Healthy Phone application, the user only needs to select an icon that suits the situation encountered in touchscreen mobile device then the message will be sent to the nearest hospital.</p>                To search for icons corresponding to emergencies, the User Centered Design (UCD) method is used. This application is very helpful for deaf people because this application does not require audio communication and user location is also sent automatically to the nearest hospital. The results were analyzed using four emergency event scenarios with a total score of 87% and an average user time of less than 0:42 sec indicating that the study was successful in designing a mobile medical emergency call application according to user requirements.

Street-level bureaucracy revisited

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Street Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Way

In social work practice, keeping records of encounters with clients is a routinized practice for documenting cases. This paper focuses on the specific task of obtaining the prospective clients’ correct address for filling in a standardized personal report form. My analysis focuses in the way both the client(s) and the social worker cooperatively orient to the practice of writing addresses, showing how this apparently simple task is multimodally implemented within interaction, and how it can generate some complications and expansions. A special focus will be devoted to difficulties encountered by clients to give their address in an adequate way, as well as to the transformation of this activity from an individual to a collective task.

Walking through the city soundscape: an audio-visual analysis of sensory experience for people with psychosis

2022 ◽  
pp. 147035722110526
Author(s):  
Sara Merlino ◽  
Lorenza Mondada ◽  
Ola Söderström
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Noisy Environments ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

This article discusses how an aspect of urban environments – sound and noise – is experienced by people walking in the city; it particularly focuses on atypical populations such as people diagnosed with psychosis, who are reported to be particularly sensitive to noisy environments. Through an analysis of video-recordings of naturalistic activities in an urban context and of video-elicitations based on these recordings, the study details the way participants orient to sound and noise in naturalistic settings, and how sound and noise are reported and reexperienced during interviews. By bringing together urban context, psychosis and social interaction, this study shows that, thanks to video recordings and conversation analysis, it is possible to analyse in detail the multimodal organization of action (talk, gesture, gaze, walking bodies) and of the sensory experience(s) of aural factors, as well as the way this organization is affected by the ecology of the situation.

Use of medical emergency call data as a marker of quality of emergency department care in the post-National Emergency Access Target era

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Lorraine Westacott ◽  
Judy Graves ◽  
Mohsina Khatun ◽  
John Burke
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Emergency Admission ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Model Of Care ◽  
Emergency Calls

Objectives Any new model of care should always be accompanied by rigorous monitoring to ensure that there are no negative consequences, especially any that impact upon patient safety. In 2013, ‘THERMoSTAT’ (Two- Hour Evaluation and Referral Model for Shorter Turnaround Times), an emergency department model of care developed by Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital staff was launched to gain efficiencies and improve hospital National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) compliance. The aim of this study was to trial the use of medical emergency call data as a novel marker of the quality of care delivered by our emergency department. Methods Incidence of medical emergency calls for hospital emergency admission patients for the 2 years pre- and 1 year post-THERMoSTAT were compared after standardising for overall hospital activity. Results During the study period, hospital activity increased 10%, and the emergency department experienced a total of 222 645 presentations, 68 000 (30.5%) of which converted into an admission. THERMoSTAT improved NEAT compliance by 17% (from 57.7% to 74.9%) with no change in any patient-safety indicators. A total of 8432 medical emergency calls were made on 5930 patients, 2831 of whom were emergency admissions. After adjusting for hospital activity, there was no change in the average number of patients per week who triggered a medical emergency call after the introduction of THERMoSTAT. These results were reproduced when data was analysed for: total number of inpatients triggering calls; emergency admission patients; and emergency admission patients within the first 24 h or first 4 h of admission. Conclusions This is the first report to investigate the correlation between inpatient medical emergency call incidence and emergency department model of care. Medical emergency call data showed significant promise as a measure of morbidity and as a more direct, objective, simple, quantitative and meaningful measure of patient safety. What is known about the topic? It is well established that extended emergency department lengths of stay are associated with poorer patient outcomes. The corollary of this is not always true however; shorter emergency department length of stay does not automatically translate into better care. Although the underlying philosophy of NEAT is to enhance patient care, there is a risk of negative consequences if NEAT is seen as an end in itself. Many of the commonly used emergency department key performance indicators focus on the timeliness of care and there is a scarcity of easily quantifiable markers that reliably reflect the quality of that care. What does this paper add? This study builds on the concept of medical emergency call incidence as a marker of safety and quality. It explores the utility of using the number of medical emergency calls made in the first few hours of an emergency admission as an indicator of the quality of care delivered by the emergency department. This is significant because it introduces a measure that has a focus that embraces more than the timeliness of care only. What are the implications for practitioners? If medical emergency call incidence in early emergency admissions can be proven to accurately reflect emergency department quality of care then it would provide an easily monitored, objective, quantitative and prompt measure that evaluates dimensions other than timeliness.

scholarly journals The difficult medical emergency call: A register-based study of predictors and outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Palsgaard Møller ◽  
Thora Majlund Kjærulff ◽  
Søren Viereck ◽  
Doris Østergaard ◽  
Fredrik Folke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency

scholarly journals Thailand Medical Mobile Application for Patients Triage Base on Criteria Based Dispatch Protocol

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krongkarn Sutham ◽  
Pattaraporn Khuwuthyakorn ◽  
Nantanan Jengserbsan ◽  
Orawit Thinnukool
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Application ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Reliability Test ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Triage Protocol ◽  
Medical Volunteers ◽  
Suitable Group

Abstract Background: Pre-hospital process is important criteria which helps patients in term of treatment performance before admitting to Emergency Department (ED) or requesting from an emergency unit. The existing system to triage patients in Thailand is not practically functioning in the primary medical or pre-hospital treatment in term of speeding, feature, or appropriate system. There is a high possibility for misrepresenting false Initial Dispatch Code (IDC), which causes the requirement of over or under emergency resources, such as rescuers and teams, community hospitals and emergency medical volunteers. Methods: In the development, usability system design has been applied to gather with system reliability test, to support the pre-hospital processes especially to sort patients by using IDC for requesting emergency resources. The development of triage mobile application has been conducted on both iOS and Android operating systems for supporting triage patient habits based on the CBD protocol. The 25 main symptom categories covered by CBD were used to design and develop the application, and 12 emergency medical staffs including doctors and nurses are subjected to test the system in the following aspects: triage protocol correction, triage reliability, usability and users’ practical satisfaction. Results: The development result shows the comparison between the proposed triage application and staff experience. Triage reliability test implies that the time used to triage by experienced staffs, in many cases, is slower than using the application. For the usability test, the result shows that the application functions are more effective in terms of the increment of emergency operations and correction of IDC code represented. Conclusions: The triage application will be utilized to support the pre-hospital process and to classify patient habits before admitting patients to ED. The application can be suitable for user who are not medical emergency staff. Patients with non-trauma symptoms may be a suitable group to use the application in term of time used to identify IDC for their own symptoms. In term of using the application, it can possibly provide benefits to general people who want to self-identify their symptoms before requesting medical services.

The multimodal interactional organization of tasting: Practices of tasting cheese in gourmet shops

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenza Mondada
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Mutual Gaze ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Way

Taste is a central sense for humans and animals, and it has been largely studied either from physiological and neurological approaches or from socio-cultural ones. This paper adopts another view, focused on the activity of tasting rather than on the sense of taste, approached within the perspective of ethnomethodology and multimodal conversation analysis. This view addresses the activity of tasting as it is interactionally organized in specific social settings, observed in a naturalistic way, on the basis of video recordings. Focusing on video recorded improvised tastings of cheese in gourmet shop encounters, the paper offers a systematic analysis of the way in which tasting is orderly achieved in an intersubjective way. It follows the various steps characterizing tasting, from the invitation to taste, to the grasping of a bit to taste, which is put in the mouth, chewed, and swallowed; it details how an interactional moment offering the taster a priviledged, individual, focused space in which to devote exclusive attention to the object tasted is actively tailored by all parties. By contrast, the completion of tasting is marked by a return to mutual gaze, the animation of facial expressions and nods, and the final production of a judgment of taste. By offering a systematic reconstruction of how these tasting moments are organized, the paper invites to a multimodal approach of sensoriality in social interaction.

scholarly journals Performing as video game players in Let's Plays

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Game Players ◽  
The Way

This article examines the fan practice of Let's Plays—video recordings that video game players create of themselves playing that include live commentary or riffing. I argue that the riffing accompanying game play footage in Let's Plays highlights how players play idiosyncratically by constructing and performing game-playing personalities. These videos emphasize the performative nature of video game players as fans who actively negotiate with the video games that they play through presentations of individual playing styles and experiences. I show that in accounting for how and why they play the way that they do, Let's Players demonstrate what I suggest are various modes of playing in which players can engage with video games generally. Consequently, creating, sharing, and discussing Let's Plays can render visible a wider diversity of game-playing identities, experiences, and styles.

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