Groupism and the politics of indigeneity: A case study on the Sámi debate in Finland

Ethnicities ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarno Valkonen ◽  
Sanna Valkonen ◽  
Timo Koivurova
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Discrete Groups ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Ethnopolitical Conflict ◽  
Collective Actors ◽  
As If

The article addresses the problems of defining an indigenous people by deconstructing the Sámi debate in Finland, which has escalated with the government’s commitment to ratify ILO Convention No. 169. We argue that the ethnopolitical conflict engendered by this commitment is a consequence of groupism, by which, following Rogers Brubaker, we mean the tendency to take discrete groups as chief protagonists of social conflicts, the tendency to treat ethnic groups, nations and races as substantial entities and the tendency to reify such groups as if they were unitary collective actors. The aim of the article is to deconstruct groupist thinking related to indigenous rights by analytically separating the concepts of group and category. This allows us to deconstruct the ethnicised conflict and analyse what kinds of political, social and cultural aspects are involved in it. We conclude that indigeneity is not an ethnocultural, objectively existing fact, but rather a frame of political requirements.

scholarly journals Wayumi: Fictions of the Other

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (28) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Juan Fabbri
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Visual Discourse ◽  
Noble Savage ◽  
The Web

New Tribes Mission (NTM) is a transnational group of Christian missionaries that have the main goal to evangelize and contact indigenous people isolated in América, Asia, and Africa. This essay is a case study of the video “Wayumi-Your adventure into tribal missions // New Tribes Mission” produced by NTM (2009). The audiovisual circulating and is on the web. The article problematizes indigenous peoples representation through the name that the missionaries give them such as “unreached ethnic groups” and works conceptual discussions debates such as authenticity, exotism, the noble savage and colonialism. Methodologically, the paper focuses on visual discourse analysis and semiotic analysis.

scholarly journals Assessment of ecosystem services provided by livestock agroecosystems in the tropics: a case study of tropical island environment of Guadeloupe

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Gourdine ◽  
A. Fourcot ◽  
C. Lefloch ◽  
M. Naves ◽  
G. Alexandre
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Livestock Farming System ◽  
Agroecological Zones ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Cluster 2

AbstractThe present study aims to assess (1) the ecosystem services (ES) provided by LFS and (2) the differential ES between local (Creole) and exotic breeds from pig, cattle and goat. The ES are defined as the benefits that humans derive from LFS. They were summarized in 12 ES indicators that cover services related to provisioning, ecological and socio-cultural aspects and territorial vitality. A total of 106 LFS units that covers the five agroecological zones of Guadeloupe were analysed. Functional typologies of LFS per species were created from surveys. The effect of breed on the ES indicators was tested. Results showed that the 40 pig LFS units were separated into 3 clusters that were differentiated in ES according to provisioning ES (cluster 1), cultural use and sale to the neighborhood (cluster 2) and pork self-consumption (cluster 3). The typology of the 57 farms with cattle distinguished 4 clusters with differences in ES provided in self-consumption (cluster1), ecological ES (cluster 2), socio-cultural ES for racing or draught oxen (cluster 3) and ES associated with territory vitality (cluster 4). The 66 goat LFS units were classified into 3 clusters different in ES concerning self-consumption (cluster 1), cultural aspects (cluster 2) and provisioning ES (cluster 3). Our study highlights that ES indicators are not breed dependent (P > 0.10) but rather livestock farming system dependent. The ES rely more on the rearing management than on the breed type, and up to now, there are no specifications in Guadeloupe to differentiate management between breeds.

Between sexual assault and compassion: The experience of living with a spouse’s dementia-related hypersexuality—A narrative case-study

Dementia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147130122110320
Author(s):  
Dovrat Harel ◽  
Tova Band-Winterstein ◽  
Hadass Goldblatt
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Older Woman ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Narrative Case Study ◽  
As If

Background Hypersexuality is one of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. This symptom can lead to poor quality of life for the person who lives with dementia, as well as for his or her caregiver, who might be exposed to sexual assault. Aim This study aimed to highlight the experience of an older woman living and coping with a spouse who exhibits dementia-related hypersexuality. Method A narrative case-study of a single case was designed, composed of four semi-structured interviews conducted over a 10-month period. The data were analyzed through thematic, structural, and performance analysis. Findings Four phases were revealed, depicting the experience of being a partner and caregiver of a spouse with dementia-related hypersexuality: a) “I need help”: A distress call; b) “It depends how long I agree to go on with it”: Living with the ambiguous reality of dementia-related hypersexual behavior within an ongoing intimate relationship; c) “It’s as if I’m hugging someone who’s no longer alive”: The transition from the previous couplehood identity to a new couplehood identity; and d) “I am just taking care of him as if he is a child”: A compassionate couplehood identity construction. Conclusions Living with a partner with dementia-related hypersexuality is a distressing experience for the caregiver-spouse. Yet, positive memories from a long intimate relationship can lead to the creation of a compassionate identity, which supports the caregiving process, and creates a sense of acceptance and meaning making. This, in turn, enables a positive aging experience. These finding have some practical implications for supporting and intervening in such cases.

scholarly journals The ABC Concept—Value Added to the Earth Heritage Interpretation?

Geoheritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pásková ◽  
J. Zelenka ◽  
T. Ogasawara ◽  
B. Zavala ◽  
I. Astete
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Holistic Interpretation ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Given ◽  
Heritage Interpretation

AbstractHolistic interpretation of Earth heritage is one of the most important tasks of UNESCO Global geoparks. The ABC (abiotic, biotic, and cultural interconnections) concept is a potential interpretive approach used in Earth heritage popularization through geotourism. Apart of the deeper understanding of this concept, this study explores the application of this concept in selected geoparks. The Colca and Volcanoes Andagua UNESCO Global Geopark (Peru) and Muroto UNESCO Global Geopark (Japan) served as a case study in the frame of this qualitative research conducted during the summer 2019. Results show that the ABC approach is nearly perfectly understood by both geoparks, however there are both internal and external factors which influence the extent and form of how this concept is applied in practice. Except for specific geographical settings, different stages of geopark product development, and different managerial approaches, they mainly include the level of scientific knowledge and general education in the given geopark, as well as level of knowledge management and networking with another UNESCO global geoparks. The more experienced Muroto Geopark interpretation exhibits a comparatively higher level of visible ABC application, while the Colca and Volcanoes Andagua Geopark can benefit in the future from the natural inclination and ability of the local people to integrate the cultural aspects into their Earth heritage interpretation.

Cultural Identity and Continuity - Case Study of Authentic Conservation of Xi'an Bei Yuan Men Historic District

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1840-1846
Author(s):  
Hong Yan Li ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Historic District ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Core ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Authentic Development ◽  
Corresponding Analysis

This paper discusses cultural identity and continuity of historic district based on the principle of authenticity in conservation field. The objective is to find out appropriate solutions for a historic district and to keep its special cultural value. It develops corresponding analysis in both physical aspects and cultural aspects, emphasizing the living feature of a historic district. The author advocates that it is significant to keep local residents living in the district since they are the cultural carriers and the core to conserve their cultural identity. The paper advocates an authentic development mode in historic district.

Context and Culture in Evaluation: A Case Study of Evaluation Anthropology

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Elise Howard
Keyword(s):  
School Readiness ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
English Language ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Cultural Bias ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Evaluation Practice ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Poverty And Inequality

Designing programs to address poverty and inequality for Australian Aboriginal communities over recent decades has proved problematic. There is a need for greater consideration of different cultural perspectives. A culturally appropriate evaluation framework can provide a range of strategies to embrace cultural difference. Evaluation anthropology, one of many culturally appropriate approaches, emphasises understanding of socio-cultural environments and contexts, and reflective practice to draw attention to cultural bias. This paper will define evaluation anthropology and then reflect on its usefulness in establishing an evaluation framework for a preliteracy program located in a remote Aboriginal community in Australia. The aims of the program are to improve school readiness through developing preliteracy (English language) skills in children aged 0-3 years. Developing an evaluation framework for the program required an approach that accounted for the socio-cultural aspects of literacy development. The lessons from this case study demonstrate the need for place-specific theory to inform program design and evaluation practice.

Chinese mestizo and natives' disputes in Manila and the 1812 Constitution: Old privileges and new political realities (1813–15)

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth de Llobet
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Political Identities ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Seating Arrangements ◽  
Second Constitutional Period ◽  
Political Realities

Set in Manila in 1813 during the implementation of the Liberal Spanish Constitution of 1812, this case study of the conflict between natives and Chinese mestizos over seating arrangements in a small parish church demonstrates how the new charter challenged the hierarchies of colonial political space. Despite its centralist aim, the Constitution instead empowered multiple ethnic groups, while reinforcing local notions of self-government and autonomy. Though a brief period, it was a significant one, as natives and Chinese mestizos constructed complex political identities. In turn, these identities set a political precedent which re-emerged during the second constitutional period (1820–23) with more wide-ranging political consequences.

scholarly journals CULTURAL OBSTACLE IN THE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN NATIVE SPEAKER AND NON NATIVE SPEAKER IN ENGLISH.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Sogimin Sogimin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
English Learner ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
British People

This research describes the cultural obstacles in the communication oral and written between native speaker and non native speaker in English.  The obstacles of cultural is one of main obstacles in the  two peoples of communication in the different culural. The research,especially describes the one case of communication between Indonesian people and British people in the social media WhatsApp. The main data of the research is the communication transcript in the social media WhatsApp. Besides of that, the data comes from the interview with the responden.             The research is the case study of the Indonesian people and British people. The data analysis uses qualitative and descriptive method. The result of research shows the miscommunication from different cultural in English. This miscommunication not only caused of the skill of language(language competence) but also difference of cultural between of two peoples. Suggested  to the English learner that  not only learns in the languages aspects but also learns in the cultural aspects, because both of them coud not separate and interplay each others.

scholarly journals SUSTAINING THE CULTURAL VITALITY OF URBAN PUBLIC MARKETS: A Case Study of Pasar Payang, Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalilah Zakariya ◽  
Zumahiran Kamarudin ◽  
Nor Zalina Harun
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Cultural Participation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Markets ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Public Market ◽  
The City

The development of a public market in the city planning is pivotal in supporting the growth of the local economy. The market is also a place where the culture of the locals evolves daily. However, the unique qualities of the market are vulnerable to the redevelopment process. This study examines the cultural aspects of Pasar Payang in Terengganu, Malaysia, as one of the well-known markets among the locals and the tourists, which will soon be redeveloped. The aim of this paper is to identify the tangible and intangible qualities of the market, so that it can sustain its cultural qualities in the future. The methods adopted for this study comprise of conducting a survey among 497 visitors, and semi-structured interviews among 19 market vendors. The findings reveal that the cultural vitality of the market can be sustained by strengthening its local identity through its products and culture, providing spaces that can facilitate tourist activities and cultural participation, and enhancing the development of the local businesses.

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