scholarly journals Farming practice, ecological temporality, and urban communities at a late Iron Age oppidum

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Lodwick
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Annual Rhythms ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Vital Component

Agriculture is a vital component of social practice, yet it is often overlooked as a key aspect in the social organisation of the communities resident at urban settlements. This paper uses the example of late Iron Age oppida, a type of settlement at the intersection of the Iron Age and Roman worlds where research has focussed upon elites rather than community. Drawing upon studies of human–plant relationships, particularly that of ecological temporalities, this paper shows that considering the capacity of plants to affect people through ‘planty agency’ renders annual rhythms of human–plant relationships perceptible. The utilisation of archaeobotanical data in this novel way provides new insights into social practices and the formation of communities at late Iron Age oppida.

Landscape, Ecology and Mentalités: a Long-term Perspective on Developments in the Meuse-Demer-Scheldt Region

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 257-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Roymans ◽  
Fokke Gerritsen
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
The Social ◽  
Demographic Fluctuations ◽  
Annales School ◽  
Radical Transformation

This study presents a survey of the long-term dynamics with regard to settlement and landscape in the Meuse-Demer-Scheldt region (south Netherlands/north Belgium), thereby using the results of several decades of intensive archaeological fieldwork. In a theoretical sense, this study is inspired by the work of historians from the French Annales school. We use a model of long-term agricultural cycles, set against demographic fluctuations, in an attempt to understand developments within the study region. At the same time, however, we aim to incorporate the social and ideational dimensions of these changes, which are linked to a specific ordering and arrangement of the landscape. Our particular focus is the radical transformation that occurred around the Middle and Late Iron Age, as this had a major impact on the ordering and arrangement of the landscape in later periods.

Remembering as Social Practice

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Middleton ◽  
Helen L. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Learning Difficulties ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Story Work ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
Subjective Representation ◽  
The Way

This work represents the development of two lines of interest, one in the study of social practices of remembering and the other concerning issues of identity in the care of people with profound learning difficulties. We examine of the way life story work is used as a resource in providing for continuities in the experience of people with profound learning difficulties when moved from hospital to community based care. Our concern is the way carers attend to issues of identity in their relationships with people who are unable to speak on their own behalf. We discuss how identities are accomplished as part of the social practice of remembering in the construction of life story books designed to resource continuities of identities across changes in the provision of care. Identities are not examined in terms of some subjective representation of coherence across time and space. We examine the way social organisation of remembering in life story work makes visible identities in terms of continuities of participation in the social practices that make up the conditions of living of the recipients of care and the working practices of those who provide it.

Generations of aristocracy

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Roman Imperialism ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
The Social

AbstractThis paper sets out to examine issues of continuity and change in the social hierarchies of the peoples of the Gallic interior, between the late Iron Age and the early Roman period. This part of the empire is one in which we might reasonably expect to find substantial continuity of social structure. Many scholars have argued that this is indeed the case, notwithstanding the evident changes in material culture. This paper argues that the opposite was true. Apparent similarities, I suggest, reinforced by the ways we have studied provincial cultures, have masked dramatic changes in the basis of social power. That conclusion has implications for other provincial societies, and for Roman imperialism in general.

scholarly journals Why do corporate actors engage in pro-social behaviour? A Bourdieusian perspective on corporate social responsibility

Organization ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik van Aaken ◽  
Violetta Splitter ◽  
David Seidl
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Corporate Social

Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of social practice, this article develops a novel approach to the study of corporate social responsibility (CSR). According to this approach, pro-social activities are conceptualized as social practices that individual managers employ in their efforts to attain social power. Whether such practices are enacted or not depends on (1) the particular features of the social field; (2) the individual managers’ socially shaped dispositions and (3) their stock of different forms of capital. By combining these theoretical concepts, the Bourdieusian approach we develop highlights the interplay between the economic and non-economic motivations that underlie CSR, acknowledging influences both on the micro- and the macro-level, as well as deterministic and voluntaristic aspects of human behaviour.

Practices of Slur Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold Hess
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Context Sensitivity ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Decisive Factor ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social

Given the apparent nondisplaceability and noncancellability of the derogatory content of slurs, it may appear puzzling that non-derogatory uses of slurs exist. Moreover, these uses seem to be in general available only to in-group speakers, thereby exhibiting a peculiar kind of context-sensitivity. In this paper the author argues that to understand non-derogatory uses we should consider slurs in terms of the kind of social practice their uses instantiate. A suitable theory of social practices has been proposed by McMillan. In typical (derogatory) uses the practice is one of bigotry and discrimination. Non-derogatory uses are only possible to the extent that they consitute acts of an alternative, non-derogatory practice. In the core cases it must be a subversive practice of satire or reappropriation. The social identity of speakers is not an ultimately decisive factor (in-group uses may still be derogatory) but it is an important constitutive condition: most non-derogatory practices of slur-use can only be performed by a member of the target group.

THE LAW AS A SOCIAL PRACTICE: Are Shared Activities at the Foundations of Law?

Legal Theory ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Noah Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central Tenet ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Way

A central tenet of positivism is that social practices are at the foundations of law. This has been cashed out in a variety of ways. For example, Austin argues that, among other practices, a habit of obedience to a sovereign is at the foundations of law, and Hart argues that at the foundations of law is the converging attitudes and behaviors of a class of relevant officials. Since Hart, some prominent positivists have employed either David Lewis's analysis of conventions or Michael Bratman's theory of shared cooperative activities to develop new accounts of the social practices that are at the foundations of law, whatever those foundations might be. In this paper, I identify five features characteristic of the Lewisean and Bratmanian models of social facts—models of what I call hypercommittal social practices. I then show that models of social facts that have these features ought not to be used to explain the way in which a social practice is at the foundations the law. I conclude that hypercommittal social practices such as Lewisean conventions or Bratmanian shared activities are not at the foundations of law.

Generations of aristocracy

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg Woolf
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Roman Imperialism ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
The Social

AbstractThis paper sets out to examine issues of continuity and change in the social hierarchies of the peoples of the Gallic interior, between the late Iron Age and the early Roman period. This part of the empire is one in which we might reasonably expect to find substantial continuity of social structure. Many scholars have argued that this is indeed the case, notwithstanding the evident changes in material culture. This paper argues that the opposite was true. Apparent similarities, I suggest, reinforced by the ways we have studied provincial cultures, have masked dramatic changes in the basis of social power. That conclusion has implications for other provincial societies, and for Roman imperialism in general.

Exploring the Hidden Depths of Tara’s Hinterland: Geophysical Survey and Landscape Investigations in the Meath–North Dublin Region, Eastern Ireland

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 61-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ger Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Geophysical Survey ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
The Hill

This paper explores how geophysical survey, undertaken in conjunction with landscape and historical analysis, is contributing to a deeper understanding of prehistoric focal centres and landscape organisation in the wider ‘hinterland’ of the Hill of Tara, Co. Meath. Arising out of the Discovery Programme’s ‘Late Iron Age and ‘Roman’ Ireland’ (LIARI) Project, the present investigations targeted a number of prominent hilltop sites in the Meath–north Dublin region suspected, on the basis of archaeological, topographical, and early documentary evidence, to have been important ceremonial/political centres in later prehistory. Foremost among these are the Hill of Lloyd (Co. Meath), the location of a prehistoric enclosure overlooking the early monastic foundation at Kells; Faughan Hill (Co. Meath), the traditional burial place of Niall of the Nine Hostages; and Knockbrack (Co. Dublin), whose summit is crowned by a large, internally-ditched enclosure with central burial mound. The discovery through this multi-disciplinary study of additional large-scale enclosures, burial monuments, and other significant archaeological features serves to further corroborate the deep historical importance of these sites, and opens up new avenues for exploring such themes as territoriality, social organisation, and identity in the wider Tara region.

scholarly journals Negotiating languages of suffering in northern Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
Lars Hedegaard Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social

Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in northern Uganda, I argue that psychiatric notions of suffering brought into the region by humanitarian intervention programs interact with local concepts of suffering (based in spirit-idioms) in two ways: In some cases, the diagnostic notion of PTSD and its vernacular counterpart “trauma” psychologize the local cosmology, transforming local spirit concepts from social or moral categories, to psychological ones. In other cases, psychiatric discourses hinged around “trauma” become spiritualized or enchanted, where the concept of trauma becomes usurped by and part of local cosmology. In an attempt to understand these processes, I suggest understanding concepts of suffering through their use in social practice and based on pragmatist epistemology. If viewed as a pragmatist concepts, I argue, it becomes possible to understand the social life of concepts of suffering (such as “trauma”) when they become globalized and negotiated in new contexts and social practices.

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