scholarly journals Interventions promoting family involvement with care homes following placement of a relative with dementia: A systematic review

Dementia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 147130122110465
Author(s):  
Janine K Hayward ◽  
Charlotte Gould ◽  
Emma Palluotto ◽  
Emily Kitson ◽  
Emily R Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Moderate Dementia ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Randomised Controlled

There is a wealth of literature investigating the role of family involvement within care homes following placement of a relative with dementia. This review summarises how family involvement is measured and aims to address two questions: (1) which interventions concerning family involvement have been evaluated? And (2) does family involvement within care homes have a positive effect on a resident’s quality of life and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia? After searching and screening on the three major databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE and CINAHL Plus for papers published between January 2005 and May 2021, 22 papers were included for synthesis and appraisal due to their relevance to family involvement interventions and or family involvement with resident outcomes. Results show that in 11 interventions designed to enhance at least one type of family involvement, most found positive changes in communication and family–staff relationships. Improvement in resident behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia was reported in two randomised controlled trials promoting partnership. Visit frequency was associated with a reduction of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia for residents with moderate dementia. Family involvement was related to positive quality of life benefits for residents. Contrasting results and methodological weaknesses in some studies made definitive conclusions difficult. Few interventions to specifically promote family involvement within care homes following placement of a relative with dementia have been evaluated. Many proposals for further research made over a decade ago by Gaugler (2005) have yet to be extensively pursued. Uncertainty remains about how best to facilitate an optimum level and type of family involvement to ensure significant quality of life and behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia benefits for residents with dementia.

scholarly journals The MAKS-s study: multicomponent non-pharmacological intervention for people with severe dementia in inpatient care – study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Diehl ◽  
André Kratzer ◽  
Elmar Graessel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Formal Caregivers ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background Nursing homes accommodate a large number of people with severe dementia. More than 80% of residents with dementia suffer from behavioural and psychological symptoms, that can have consequences on the perceived burden of the formal caregivers. Internationally, the number of studies on non-pharmacological interventions for people with severe dementia is very small. One way to reduce these symptoms is to meet the needs of people with severe dementia. The non-pharmacological group intervention MAKS-s, which we will investigate in this study, is intended to reduce the behavioural and psychological symptoms and to improve the quality of life of such people. Additionally, we will investigate the effects on the burden carried by formal caregivers. Methods With the present study, we will investigate the effectiveness of a multicomponent non-pharmacological intervention for people with severe dementia living in nursing homes (primary target group). A power analysis indicated that 144 dementia participants should initially be included. In addition, a secondary target group (nursing home staff) will be examined with respect to their dementia-related stress experiences. The study will be conducted as a cluster randomised controlled trail in Germany with a 6-month intervention phase. The nursing homes in the waitlist control group will provide “care as usual.” The primary endpoints of the study will be the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia and the quality of life of people with severe dementia. The total duration of the study will be 18 months. Data will be collected by using observer rating scales. Discussion The project has some outstanding quality features. The external validity is high, because it is situated in a naturalistic setting in nursing homes and is being carried out with available nursing employees. Due to this fact, a permanent implementation also seems to be possible. Since the participating nursing homes are disseminated across several German federal states and rural and urban regions, the results should be transferable to the entire population. Trial registration ISRCTN15722923 (Registration date: 07 August 2019).

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Rianne van der Linde ◽  
Tom Dening
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Clusters ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Mixed Group ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms

The term: ‘behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia’ (BPSD) refers to a mixed group of phenomena. BPSD are the non-cognitive features of dementia and include depression, anxiety, psychotic symptoms, apathy, irritability, aggression, and sleep and eating problems. They occur in around 80% of people with dementia at some stage, several of them becoming more frequent as dementia progresses. Some BPSD, notably apathy, are very persistent. BPSD often limit the person’s quality of life and can be stressful for carers. Causes of BPSD include biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. This chapter explores how they are assessed and measured, and how they may usefully grouped together in symptom clusters. Usually four symptom groups are found: affective symptoms, psychosis, hyperactivity, and euphoria. However, these are not always consistent and in particular apathy does not consistently belong in one group. Approaches to management of BPSD are outlined.

scholarly journals Use of parametric speaker for older people with dementia in a residential care setting: A preliminary study of two cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Nishiura ◽  
Minoru Hoshiyama ◽  
Yoko Konagaya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older People ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Technological Intervention ◽  
Narrow Space

Objective/Background Older people with dementia often show behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia such as agitation, aggression, and depression that affect their activities of daily living, and hence reduce the quality of life of their caregivers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a new technological intervention—a parametric speaker, creating a narrow personal acoustic environment, which may reduce the manifestation of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia symptoms. Methods A parametric speaker was placed on the ceiling of a large day room, and personally selected pieces of music were provided in a narrow space just under the speaker during the intervention. Two older residents with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia participated in the experiment. Results Playing pieces of favorite music via the parametric speaker decreased their behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia during the intervention. In addition, this intervention reduced the burden on caregivers. One of the advantages of using parametric speaker was being able to create a personal space in a common room. Conclusion We considered that the parametric speaker might be useful to reduce behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia and the burden on caregivers, providing individualized rehabilitation for the improved quality of life of residents.

scholarly journals Acupressure and Dementia - A Review of Current Evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Liang Ooi ◽  
Gillian Drew ◽  
Sok Cheon Pak
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Moderate Dementia

Introduction: Dementia is a cognitive decline with patients often exhibit behavioural and psychological symptoms, severely affecting the quality of life and placing a heavy burden on caregivers. Acupressure has reported benefits for dementia. This study aims to critically review the available evidence for its use as a non-pharmacological therapy. Methods: Systematic search of major research databases for human clinical trials using acupressure as an intervention for dementia patients was conducted. Results were synthesised for the effects of acupressure on various outcome measures of interest for dementia.Results: Twelve clinical trials (N=973), including eight randomised control studies, were included in this review. The study sample was predominantly institutionalised residents with moderate to severe dementia. Baihui (GV20), Shenmen (HT7), Fengchi (GB20), Neiguan (PC6), Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Yingtang (EX-HN3) were the most used acupoints for intervention. Acupressure techniques employed in these clinical trials vary greatly with no standardised approach. This review finds inconsistent evidence in the effectiveness of acupressure in reducing agitation and behavioural disturbances. However, the treatment appears to improve their ease of care and reduce physical stress. Affixing acupressure devices on selected acupoints can also potentially improve psychiatric pain, anxiety, and depression. Long-term (6 months) treatment can potentially improve the cognitive function, activities of daily living, and quality of life of patients with mild to moderate dementia. The effect of acupressure on sleep disturbances remains unclear. Conclusion: More high-quality research on acupressure is needed to fill the gaps in knowledge and inform better care for dementia patients in the future.

scholarly journals A szégyen mediációs szerepe a stigma és az életminőség kapcsolatában coeliakiában szenvedő betegek körében.

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (49) ◽  
pp. 1968-1976
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A coeliakia és a kapcsolódó terhek befolyásolják az érintettek életminőségét. A krónikus betegségekkel járó stigmatizáció hozzájárul a fizikai tünetek és a lelki panaszok fokozódásához, valamint az egészségmagatartás csökkenéséhez. Mindez szükségessé teszi a krónikus megbetegedések kapcsán a stigmatizáció felismerését, felmérését és kezelését. Célkitűzések: Fő célunk a 8 tételes Stigmatizáció Krónikus Betegségekben Kérdőív (SSCI-8) magyar adaptációja és pszichometriai vizsgálata volt coeliakiások körében. További célunk volt megvizsgálni a szégyen közvetítő szerepét a stigmatizáció és a jóllét között. Módszerek: A kutatás önbeszámolós, online kérdőíves, keresztmetszeti vizsgálatként zajlott (n = 85, átlagéletkor: 37,64, 91,8% nő). Az SSCI-8 mellett felvételre kerültek a szégyenélményt, a coeliakiás életminőséget, a jóllétet mérő kérdőívek. A kutatási célok tesztelése megerősítő faktorelemzéssel, korrelációs és mediációs elemzésekkel történt. Eredmények: Az SSCI-8 faktorelemzése során az egydimenziós modell megfelelő illeszkedést mutatott magas belső konzisztenciaértékek mellett. A mediációs modellek szerint a magasabb stigmatizáció a magasabb szégyenélményen keresztül járulhat hozzá a pszichés jóllét (coeliakiás életminőség, jóllét) csökkenéséhez. Megbeszélés: Az SSCI-8 rövid, átfogó kérdőívként megbízhatóan és érvényesen mérte a krónikus betegségben tapasztalt stigmatizációt a jelen coeliakiás mintán. Eredményeink alátámasztják, hogy a stigmatizáció és a szégyen fontos szerepet tölt be a jóllét csökkenésében. Következtetés: A nemzetközileg széles körben alkalmazott SSCI-8 adaptálására került sor, mely hazai kutatásokban és az egészségügyi ellátásban is hasznos mérőeszköz lehet. Az eredmények rávilágítanak, hogy a stigmatizáció és a szégyenélmény további kutatása szükséges, különösen a hatékony pszichoszociális intervenciók kifejlesztését megcélozva. Hatékony pszichológiai segítség révén a szégyen és a stigmatizáltság mérséklésével javulhat a coeliakiával élők fizikai és lelki állapota, ami a gluténmentes diéta betartása révén hozzájárulhat a betegség okozta tünetek és szövődmények mérsékléséhez. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(49): 1968–1976. Summary. Introduction: Coeliac disease can detrimentally affect well-being. Stigmatization related to a chronic disease can enhance physical and psychological symptoms and negatively influence health behaviour, hence, stigma in chronic diseases needs to be addressed. Objectives: Our main goal was to psychometrically evaluate the Hungarian adaptation of the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness-8 (SSCI-8). Further aim was to examine the mediating role of shame on the relationship between stigmatization and well-being aspects among individuals with coeliac disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data using online questionnaires based on self-reports (n = 85, mean age: 37.64 years, 91.8% women). Instruments assessed levels of stigmatization, shame experience, quality of life in coeliac disease and well-being. Confirmatory factor, correlation and mediation analyses were used. Results: Factor analysis showed adequate fit for a unidimensional model with high internal consistency. Mediation models showed that higher levels of stigmatization can contribute to decreased levels of quality of life in coeliac disease and well-being via increased levels of shame. Discussion: The SSCI-8 is a short, valid, reliable instrument measuring stigmatization in the current sample of people with coeliac disease. The results highlight the role of stigma and shame in the decrease of well-being. Conclusion: The adapted version of the SSCI-8 can be a useful tool in Hungarian research and healthcare. The results suggest that stigmatization and shame need further attention to develop effective intervention which can reduce their effect and enhance adherence to gluten-free diet and improve physical and psychological well-being. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(49): 1968–1976.

scholarly journals Degree of personalisation in tailored activities and its effect on behavioural and psychological symptoms and quality of life among people with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e048917
Author(s):  
Shiyu Lu ◽  
Anna Y Zhang ◽  
Tianyin Liu ◽  
Jacky C P Choy ◽  
Maggie S L Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Behavioural And Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
High Level

ObjectivesTo understand and assess the degree of personalisation of tailored activities for people with dementia (PWD); and to estimate the magnitude of the effects of levels of personalisation on reducing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), improving quality of life (QoL) and level of engagement.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesProQuest, PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched from the start of indexing to May 2020.Eligibility criteriaWe included randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies assessing the effects of tailored activities for people aged 60 years or older with dementia or cognitive impairment on the outcomes of BPSD, QoL, depression and level of engagement with control groups.Data extraction and synthesisTwo researchers screened studies, extracted data and assessed risks of bias. A rating scheme to assess the degree of personalisation of tailored activities was developed to classify tailored activities into high/medium/low groups. Effect sizes were expressed using standardised mean differences at 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess whether the degree of personalisation of tailored activities affected outcomes of interest.ResultsThirty-five studies covering 2390 participants from 16 countries/regions were identified. Studies with a high-level of personalisation interventions (n=8) had a significant and moderate effect on reducing BPSD (standardised mean differences, SMD=−0.52, p<0.05), followed by medium (n=6; SMD=−0.38, p=0.071) and low-level personalisation interventions (n=6; SMD=−0.15, p=0.076). Tailored activities with a high-level of personalisation had a moderate effect size on improving QoL (n=5; SMD=0.52, p<0.05), followed by a medium level (n=3; SMD=0.41, p<0.05) of personalisation.ConclusionsTo develop high-level tailored activities to reduce BPSD and improve QoL among PWD, we recommend applying comprehensive assessments to identify and address two or more PWD characteristics in designed tailored activities and allow modification of interventions to respond to changing PWD needs/circumstances.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020168556.

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