Effectiveness, Research and Youth Justice

Youth Justice ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Effectiveness Research ◽  
Youth Crime ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Practice Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Meaningful Data

Policy and practice developments in the field of youth justice have become highly politicised across the UK. The growing demand for greater transparency of outcomes sets new challenges for practitioners who have to marry direction from research with practice experience. A better dialogue is needed between practitioners and researchers to support the generation of a wide range of meaningful data on what is likely to be effective, with whom and in what situations. This paper examines issues of responding effectively to youth crime by drawing key messages from the research literature.

Urban Planning, Hazardous Installations, and Blight: An Evaluation of Responses to Hazard — Development Conflict

10.1068/c9782 ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Walker
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Community Facilities

Urban planning has played an increasing role in response to threats to health and safety, but this can create problematical conflicts with other planning priorities. The author examines how the UK planning system deals in practice with the safety implications of hazardous installations involving the storage and use of toxic, explosive, and flammable substances. The responses that have been made by local planning authorities to hazard – development conflicts in the vicinity of hazardous installations are evaluated. A distinction is made between those responses focused on development restraint through refusing permission for housing, community facilities, and other sensitive land uses, and those focused on the hazard source. It is argued that these last are becoming increasingly significant despite limitations in the statutory powers available. Through focusing on recent developments and drawing on a wide range of experience, the author adds to the existing research literature on planning and hazardous installations in which the evolution of policy and practice in this area has hitherto been rather sporadically examined. The implications of a recent policy focus on brownfield redevelopment, of new European regulations for hazardous sites, and of wider trends in relationships between industry, regulators, and communities at risk are considered.

scholarly journals Youth crime and justice: Key messages from the Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley McAra ◽  
Susan McVie
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Exact Science ◽  
Youth Crime ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
Social Adversity ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Evolving Models ◽  
Youth Transitions

Based on findings from the Edinburgh Study of Youth Transitions and Crime, this article challenges the evidence-base which policy-makers have drawn on to justify the evolving models of youth justice across the UK (both in Scotland and England/Wales). It argues that to deliver justice, systems need to address four key facts about youth crime: serious offending is linked to a broad range of vulnerabilities and social adversity; early identification of at-risk children is not an exact science and runs the risk of labelling and stigmatizing; pathways out of offending are facilitated or impeded by critical moments in the early teenage years, in particular school exclusion; and diversionary strategies facilitate the desistance process.The article concludes that the Scottish system should be better placed than most other western systems to deliver justice for children (due to its founding commitment to decriminalization and destigmatization). However, as currently implemented, it appears to be failing many young people.

Sociological criminology and youth justice: Comparative policy analysis and academic intervention

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Goldson ◽  
Gordon Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Academic Intervention ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Comparative Policy Analysis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Practice Development ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
Comparative Policy

This article is presented in two interconnected parts. It addresses issues that have arguably received insufficient attention in most sociologically oriented criminological research and commentary on youth justice and related policy and practice developments, both within the UK jurisdictions and in wider international contexts. First, it highlights the need to recognize the complexities of comparative policy analysis at international, national, regional and local levels. Second, in the light of such complexity, the article attempts to explore the challenges confronting social science in general and sociological criminology in particular, in efforts to critically inform policymaking processes. In conclusion, it is suggested that the possibilities for vibrant, critical and publicly engaged academic intervention in the youth justice policy sphere rest upon the mobilization of theoretically and empirically based analyses, together with research-informed proposals for policy formation and practice development.

Girls and Gangs: ‘Shemale’ Gangsters in the UK?

Youth Justice ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Young
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Hard Core ◽  
Street Gangs ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Teenage Girls ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk

In recent years there have been a number of high profile stories reporting increasing levels of female involvement in group related crime. According to these reports teenage girls are no longer spectators hovering on the periphery of street gangs but are hard core members actively engaging in the kind of extreme violence that is usually the preserve of men. As girl ‘gangsters’, young women are seen to be engaging in a wide range of crimes such as robbery, rape and murder. Using findings from an empirical study on young people’s use of weapons and involvement in street based groups, this article examines female involvement in ‘gangs’ and their violent behaviour. It challenges the dominant stereotype of girl ‘gangsters’ as malicious violent aggressors. The notion of the gang and implications for policy and practice will also be considered.

scholarly journals Child sexual exploitation and youth offending: A research note

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ella Cockbain ◽  
Helen Brayley
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Youth Justice ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Recidivism Rates ◽  
Child Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Female Offending ◽  
Offending Behaviour ◽  
The Uk

Links between child sexual exploitation (CSE) and youth offending should be better recognised, according to these preliminary research findings from the UK. Data from a leading CSE service provider and Youth Offending Team were analysed for the period 2001–2010 inclusive. Of CSE victims, 40 percent had offending records and recidivism rates were high. Together they committed 1586 offences – 5 percent of all local youth crime. Male and female offending behaviour differed significantly. The types of offences identified were potentially symptomatic of CSE. Referral to CSE services typically post-dated arrest, indicating that children were recognised first as offenders. Challenges in researching the interactions between these two complex issues are discussed. This study has important implications for youth justice policy and practice, both nationally and internationally.

The changing landscape of OSH regulation in the UK: Achieving the right balance in policy and practice

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hollis ◽  
Stavroula Leka ◽  
Aditya Jain ◽  
Nicholas Andreou
Keyword(s):  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Right

“It’s not just a diet, it’s a lifestyle”: An Exploratory Study into Community Preferences of Vegan Definitions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon North ◽  
Emily Jane Kothe ◽  
Anna Klas ◽  
Mathew Ling
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Advocacy Groups ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Ranking Order ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Community Preferences ◽  
Positivist Approach

Veganism is an increasingly popular lifestyle within Western societies, including Australia. However, there appears to be a positivist approach to defining veganism in the literature. This has implications for measurement and coherence of the research literature. This exploratory study assessed preference rankings for definitions of veganism used by vegan advocacy groups across an Australian convenience sample of three dietary groups (vegan = 230, omnivore = 117, vegetarian = 43). Participants were also asked to explain their ranking order in an open-ended question. Most vegans selected the UK definition as their first preference, omnivores underwent five rounds of preference reallocation before the Irish definition was selected, and vegetarians underwent four rounds before the UK definition was selected. A reflexive thematic analysis of participant explanations for their rankings identified four themes: (1) Diet vs. lifestyle, (2) Absolutism, (3) Social justice, and (4) Animal justice. These four themes represent how participants had differing perceptions of veganism according to their personal experience and understanding of the term. It appears participants took less of an absolutist approach to the definition and how individuals conceptualise veganism may be more dynamic than first expected. This will be important when researchers are considering how we are defining veganism in future studies to maintain consistency in the field.

ESRC Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 657-698
Author(s):  
Simeon J. Yates ◽  
Jordana Blejmar
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Technological World ◽  
Ways Of Being

Two workshops were part of the final steps in the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) commissioned Ways of Being in a Digital Age project that is the basis for this Handbook. The ESRC project team coordinated one with the UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (ESRC-DSTL) Workshop, “The automation of future roles”; and one with the US National Science Foundation (ESRC-NSF) Workshop, “Changing work, changing lives in the new technological world.” Both workshops sought to explore the key future social science research questions arising for ever greater levels of automation, use of artificial intelligence, and the augmentation of human activity. Participants represented a wide range of disciplinary, professional, government, and nonprofit expertise. This chapter summarizes the separate and then integrated results. First, it summarizes the central social and economic context, the method and project context, and some basic definitional issues. It then identifies 11 priority areas needing further research work that emerged from the intense interactions, discussions, debates, clustering analyses, and integration activities during and after the two workshops. Throughout, it summarizes how subcategories of issues within each cluster relate to central issues (e.g., from users to global to methods) and levels of impacts (from wider social to community and organizational to individual experiences and understandings). Subsections briefly describe each of these 11 areas and their cross-cutting issues and levels. Finally, it provides a detailed Appendix of all the areas, subareas, and their specific questions.

Punk as Folk: Continuities and Tensions in the UK and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Dale
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Collective Creativity ◽  
Living Tradition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

Numerous claims have been made by a wide range of commentators that punk is somehow “a folk music” of some kind. Doubtless there are several continuities. Indeed, both tend to encourage amateur music-making, both often have affiliations with the Left, and both emerge at least partly from a collective/anti-competitive approach to music-making. However, there are also significant tensions between punk and folk as ideas/ideals and as applied in practice. Most obviously, punk makes claims to a “year zero” creativity (despite inevitably offering re-presentation of at least some existing elements in every instance), whereas folk music is supposed to carry forward a tradition (which, thankfully, is more recognized in recent decades as a subject-to-change “living tradition” than was the case in folk’s more purist periods). Politically, meanwhile, postwar folk has tended more toward a socialist and/or Marxist orientation, both in the US and UK, whereas punk has at least rhetorically claimed to be in favor of “anarchy” (in the UK, in particular). Collective creativity and competitive tendencies also differ between the two (perceived) genre areas. Although the folk scene’s “floor singer” tradition offers a dispersal of expressive opportunity comparable in some ways to the “anyone can do it” idea that gets associated with punk, the creative expectation of the individual within the group differs between the two. Punk has some similarities to folk, then, but there are tensions, too, and these are well worth examining if one is serious about testing out the common claim, in both folk and punk, that “anyone can do it.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document