Diabetic eye disease and low vision

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of registrable blindness among the working age population of the UK. Primary prevention associated with improved medical management and the introduction of national screening programmes aim to reduce the incidence of eye disease. Should retinopathy develop, there are several treatments that can help to preserve vision. While these interventions can prevent or delay visual loss, many patients with diabetes still experience significant functional and practical difficulties as a result of impaired vision. Recognising visual problems at an early stage is important as this ensures improved support from the multidisciplinary team with appropriate education, timely visual impairment registration and access to support services.

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Interdisciplinary Management of Diabetic Eye Disease: A Global Approach to Care

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice ◽

10.46743/1540-580x/2007.1137 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Annette Bade ◽

Joseph Pizzimenti

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

The United States ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Interdisciplinary Management ◽

Healthcare Team ◽

Model Of Care ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Eye Disease ◽

Central Member

Diabetic eye disease is a leading cause of acquired blindness in the United States. Most cases of blindness secondary to diabetes mellitus are preventable. In addition to exercise, proper diet, and aggressive glycemic control, patients with diabetes mellitus should be educated to adhere to established guidelines for an annual dilated retinal evaluation. The ideal model of care for patients with diabetic eye disease is an interdisciplinary, team-oriented approach with the patient as the central member of the healthcare team. The primary purpose of this paper is to present an interdisciplinary approach to management of the ocular complications of diabetes mellitus and to educate clinicians about diabetic eye disease.

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OP60 Optimising Risk-Based Screening: The Case Of Diabetic Eye Disease

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462318001046 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (S1) ◽

pp. 21-21

Author(s):

Christopher Sampson ◽

Marilyn James ◽

David Whynes ◽

Antonio Eleuteri ◽

Simon Harding

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Screening Program ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Risk Calculation ◽

Diabetic Eye Disease ◽

The Uk ◽

The Cost ◽

Level Of Risk

Introduction:There is growing evidence that many people attending annual screening for diabetic retinopathy in the United Kingdom (UK) are at low risk of developing the disease. This has led to new policy statements. However, the basis on which to establish a risk-based individualized variable-recall screening program has not yet been determined. We present a methodology for using information on an individual's risk factors to improve the allocation of resources within a screening program.Methods:We developed a patient-level state-transition model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of risk-based screening for diabetic retinopathy in the UK. The model incorporated a recently developed risk calculation engine that predicts an individual's risk of disease onset, and allocated individuals to alternative screening recall periods according to this level of risk. Using the findings, we demonstrate a means of estimating: (i) a threshold level of risk, above which individuals should be invited to screening, and (ii) the optimum screening recall period for an individual, based on the expected cost-effectiveness of screening and treatment.Results:The cost-effectiveness analysis demonstrated that standardized screening (current practice) is the least cost-effective program. Individualized screening can improve outcomes at a reduced cost. We found it feasible – though computationally expensive – to incorporate a risk calculation engine into a decision model in Microsoft Excel. In an optimized screening program, the majority or patients would be invited to attend screening at least two years after a negative screening result.Conclusions:Individualized risk-based screening is likely to be cost-effective in the context of diabetic eye disease in the UK. It is expected that risk calculation engines will be developed in other disease areas in the future, and used to allocate screening and treatment at the individual level. It is important that researchers develop robust methods for combining risk calculation engines into decision analytic models and health technology assessment more broadly.

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Epidemiology of visual impairment, sight-threatening or treatment-requiring diabetic eye disease in children and young people in the UK: findings from DECS

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315886 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2020-315886

Author(s):

Maria Carolina Ibanez-Bruron ◽

Ameenat Lola Solebo ◽

Phillippa Cumberland ◽

Jugnoo S Rahi

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Self Management ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Visual Disability ◽

Children And Young People ◽

Eye Screening ◽

Diabetic Eye Disease ◽

The Uk ◽

Prevention Of Diabetes

BackgroundWe investigated the incidence and causes of sight-threatening diabetes-related eye disease in children living with diabetes in the UK, to inform the national eye screening programme and enable monitoring of trends.MethodsWe undertook a prospective active national surveillance via the British Ophthalmic Surveillance Unit. Eligible cases were children aged 18 years or younger, with type 1 or 2 diabetes, newly diagnosed between January 2015 and February 2017 with sight-threatening diabetic eye disease.ResultsEight children were reported. The annual incidence of all sight-threatening diabetes-related eye disease requiring referral to an ophthalmologist among children living with diabetes (n=8) in the UK was 1.21 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.52 to 2.39) and was largely attributable to cataract (n=5) 0.76 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.25 to 1.77). The incidence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (n=3) among those eligible for screening (12 to 18 year-olds living with diabetes) was 1.18 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.24 to 3.46). No subjects eligible for certification as visually impaired or blind were reported.ConclusionsSecondary prevention of visual disability due to retinopathy is currently the sole purpose of national eye screening programmes globally. However, the rarity of treatment-requiring retinopathy in children/young people living with diabetes, alongside growing concerns about suboptimal screening uptake, merit new consideration of the utility of screening for primary prevention of diabetes-related morbidity by using the screening event and findings as a catalyst for better diabetes self-management.

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Effect of low vision rehabilitation on self reported visual disability for people with diabetic eye disease

http://isrctn.org/> ◽

10.1186/isrctn91672666 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Gary Rubin

Keyword(s):

Low Vision ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Visual Disability ◽

Low Vision Rehabilitation ◽

Diabetic Eye Disease ◽

Vision Rehabilitation

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Management of Diabetic Eye Disease using Carotenoids and Nutrients

10.5772/intechopen.96064 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Drake W. Lem ◽

Dennis L. Gierhart ◽

Pinakin Gunvant Davey

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Physiological State ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Visual Disability ◽

Integral Role ◽

Working Age ◽

Diabetic Eye Disease ◽

Retinal Neurodegeneration ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness and visual disability globally among working-age adults. Until recently, diabetic eye disease is primarily regarded by its microvasculature complications largely characterized by progressive retinopathy and macular edema. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation play an integral role in the early pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy by potentiating retinal neurodegeneration. The onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus starts with insulin resistance leading to insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Which in turn enhances the pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory pathways. Additionally, various poor dietary behaviors along with obesity worsen physiological state in diabetics. However, decreased levels and depletion of the endogenous antioxidant defense system in the retina can be sufficiently augmented via carotenoid vitamin therapy. Therefore, dietary supplementation of antioxidant micronutrients particularly macular carotenoids lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin that promote retinal health and optimal visual performance, may serve as an adjunctive therapy in the management of diabetic eye disease.

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The Various Methods on Early Stage Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.c5830.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 654-656

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

United States Of America ◽

Early Stage ◽

The United States ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

World Population ◽

The Us ◽

Rapid Changes ◽

Diabetic Eye Disease

The leading cause for the blindness in the diabetic patients is due to the Diabetic Retinopathy. According to the recent statistics from the US centre for Disease and prevention estimates tat 29.11 million people have the diabetic disease in the United states of America, when it comes to the world population it number goes to the 340 million. The diabetic eye disease will leads to blindness which can be caused by rapid changes in blood vessels. There are many features present in the retina which can act as primary signs of diabetic which can be prevented by this process. This paper Provides you the various techniques and algorithms which helps in diagnosis the effected retina images. This paper also compare the algorithm, reviews, classifiers and techniques of previously proposed in order to develop the efficient algorithms.

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