scholarly journals Estimating the number of preventable cardiovascular disease events in the United States using the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial results and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 147916412094567
Author(s):  
Nathan D Wong ◽  
Wenjun Fan ◽  
Jonathan Pak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Event Rates

Aim: We examined eligibility and preventable cardiovascular disease events in US adults with diabetes mellitus from the Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients (EMPA-REG OUTCOME). Methods: We identified adults with diabetes mellitus eligible for EMPA-REG OUTCOME based on trial eligibility criteria available from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2007–2016. We estimated composite cardiovascular disease endpoints, as well as all-cause deaths, death from cardiovascular disease and hospitalizations for heart failure from trial treatment and placebo event rates, the difference indicating the preventable events. Results: Among 29,629 US adults aged ⩾18 years (representing 231.9 million), 4672 (27.3 million) had diabetes mellitus, with 342 (1.86 million) meeting eligibility criteria of EMPA-REG OUTCOME. We estimated from trial primary endpoint event rates of 10.5% and 12.1% in the empagliflozin and placebo groups, respectively, that based on the ‘treatment’ of our 1.86 million estimated EMPA-REG OUTCOME eligible subjects, 12,066 (95% confidence interval: 10,352–13,780) cardiovascular disease events could be prevented annually. Estimated annual preventable deaths from any cause, cardiovascular causes and hospitalizations from heart failure were 17,078 (95% confidence interval: 14,652–19,504), 14,479 (95% confidence interval: 12,422–16,536) and 9467 (95% confidence interval: 8122–10,812), respectively. Conclusion: Empagliflozin, if provided to EMPA-REG OUTCOME eligible US adults, may prevent many cardiovascular disease events, cardiovascular and total deaths, as well as heart failure hospitalizations.

Abstract 15214: Food Insecurity and Cardiovascular Disease in NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2011-2016

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA M DELSON ◽  
Janice F Bell ◽  
Tequila S Porter ◽  
Julie T Bidwell
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Adherence to a heart-healthy diet is foundational for the prevention, management, and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite the fact that adhering to dietary guidelines may be challenging in the context of food insecurity, little is known about the likelihood of food insecurity in persons with CVD. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that persons with CVD (hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, or stroke) would have significantly higher odds of food insecurity. Methods: This was an analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative, cross-sectional study of health in the United States. All adults aged 19 years or older with food insecurity data were included across 3 cycles of NHANES (2011-2016). Food insecurity was measured using the 10-item Food Security Scale. CVD diagnosis was measured by self-report. Risk for food insecurity by CVD diagnosis was examined using multivariable logistic regression models, incorporating NHANES sample and person weights, and controlling for common sociodemographic confounders (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, marital status). Results: The sample consisted of 17,175 persons (weighted study N =229,247,659). Slightly more than half were male (51.9%), and most were non-Hispanic white (65.1%). Just under half (45.6%) were in early adulthood (19-44 years), 35.3% were in middle adulthood (45-64 years), and 18.6% were in late adulthood (≥65 years). One quarter (25.9%) were food insecure. Consistent with our hypothesis, diagnosis of any CVD (stroke, heart failure, coronary artery disease, or hypertension) was significantly associated with higher likelihood for food insecurity (stroke: OR=2.18; 95% CI 1.83-2.60; p<0.001; heart failure OR=1.94, 95% CI 1.46-2.57, p<0.001; coronary artery disease: OR=1.90, 95% CI 1.49-2.43, p<0.001; and hypertension: OR=1.25, 95% CI 1.10-1.42, p=0.001). Conclusions: Diagnoses of hypertension, stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure were all significantly associated with higher risk for food insecurity. Given the necessity of dietary modification in CVD, further efforts to study food insecurity in CVD alongside other social determinants of health are urgently needed.

Heart Failure and Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in the United States—1999 to 2018: Data From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110616
Author(s):  
Yaewon Seo ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Donelle Barnes ◽  
Surendra Barshikar
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

To examine the associations of heart failure (HF) with five domains of disability while controlling for covariates. Subjects with HF and aged ≥ 50 years were selected from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. Five domains of disability were measured with 19 physical tasks. Logistic regression with adjustment for covariates was conducted. The prevalence of HF in 27,185 adults aged ≥ 50 years was 6.37%. After controlling for demographics and smoking, logistic regression showed that HF was associated with 2.8 to 3.4 times increased odds of all domains of disability compared to adults without HF, but with additional adjustments of covariates, the association was attenuated indicating the mediating effects of covariates. The future study may examine the mediating effects of covariates when intervening difficulties with lower extremity mobility and activities of daily living while considering in community-dwelling older adults with HF.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus among Children 1 to 5 Years of Age in the United States from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2011 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana M. Lanzieri ◽  
Deanna Kruszon-Moran ◽  
Minal M. Amin ◽  
Stephanie R. Bialek ◽  
Michael J. Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Igg Avidity

ABSTRACTCytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence among U.S. children 1 to 5 years old was assessed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2011 to 2012. The overall seroprevalence (95% confidence interval) of IgG was 20.7% (14.4 to 28.2%), that of IgM was 1.1% (0.4 to 2.4%), and that of low IgG avidity was 3.6% (1.7 to 6.6%), corresponding to a 17.3% (10.1 to 26.7%) prevalence of recent infection among IgG-positive children.

scholarly journals Relationship between dietary choline intake and diabetes mellitus in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhou ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Shuhong Li ◽  
Xiaoxiao Wen ◽  
Yaguang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
National Health ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Choline Intake ◽  
Dietary Choline ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Previous studies have shown that elevated trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) was associated with a higher risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Little is known about the relationship between dietary intake of choline, which is a major dietary precursor for gut microbiome-derived TMAO, and DM in the general population. Objective: The present study aims to explore the relationship between dietary choline intakes and DM in the United States (US) adult population. Design: Cross-sectional data were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010 of 8621 individuals aged 20 years or older. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for DM of each quartile category of energy-adjusted choline intakes. The restricted cubic spline model was used for the dose-response analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of choline intake for predicting DM. Results: A linear dose-response relationship between dietary choline intakes and the odds of DM was found after adjustment for multiple potential confounding factors, p for linear =0.0002. With the lowest quartile category of choline as the reference, the multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of the second, third, and highest quartile categories were 1.22 (0.98, 1.52), 1.26 (1.01, 1.56), and 1.42 (1.15, 1.77), respectively, p for trend =0.0024. Per 100 mg/d increase in energy-adjusted choline resulted in 15% (95% CI: 7%, 22%) higher odds of DM. The ROC analysis identified an energy-adjusted choline of 331.7 mg/d as the optimal cut-off value for predicting DM, with 52.5% sensitivity and 60.7% specificity. Conclusion: This study supports a positive and linear relationship between dietary choline intake and DM in the US adult population. Further studies are warranted to replicate our findings in other populations and elucidate the potential mechanisms.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Antibodies in the United States Population, 2009–2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmaculate J. Lebo ◽  
Deanna M. Kruszon-Moran ◽  
Mona Marin ◽  
William J. Bellini ◽  
Scott Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
United States Population ◽  
The Us

Abstract Background.  In the United States, measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella immunity is now primarily achieved through vaccination. Monitoring population immunity is necessary. Methods.  We evaluated seroprevalence of antibodies to measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2009–2010. Results.  Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella seroprevalence was 92.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.9%−93.0%), 87.6% (CI, 85.8%−89.2%), 95.3% (CI, 94.3%−96.2%), and 97.8% (CI, 97.1%−98.3%), respectively. United States (US)-born persons had lower mumps seroprevalence and higher varicella seroprevalence than non-US born persons. Conclusions.  Seroprevalence was high (88%–98%) for all 4 viruses in the US population during 2009−2010.

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