Entitlement and Perceived Racial Discrimination: The Missing Links to White Opinions Toward Affirmative Action and Preferential Hiring and Promotion

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-442
Author(s):  
Maruice Mangum ◽  
LaTasha DeHaan
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
White Americans ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Racial Resentment ◽  
Preferential Hiring ◽  
Realistic Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Using Data

This article seeks to explain why some White Americans support affirmative action while others do not. Much of what has been written on White opinions on affirmative action is from an oppositional lens. This analysis seeks to add balance to the ways political science understands White opinions toward affirmative action. In so doing, this study identifies correlates of support for affirmative action not just rationales for opposition. Unlike most studies that examine White opinions by testing one or two theories, we examine the determinants of White opinions by testing several theories and hypotheses simultaneously (stereotypes, racial discrimination, racial resentment, and realistic group conflict theory). Using data taken from the 2004-2005 National Politics Study, we find that many Whites support affirmative action to combat racial discrimination experienced by racial minorities. However, we also find that many of them oppose affirmative action due to a sense of entitlement.

White Americans’ Opposition to Affirmative Action, Revisited: New Racism, Principled Objections, or Both?

2021 ◽  
pp. 232949652110246
Author(s):  
Matthew O. Hunt ◽  
Ryan A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
First Century ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Short Article ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Preferential Hiring ◽  
Key Aspects

In this short article, we provide an update and extension of Thomas C. Wilson’s study, “Whites’ Opposition to Affirmative Action: Rejection of Group-based Preferences as well as Rejection of Blacks.” Wilson drew on data from the 1996 General Social Survey (GSS) to revisit a long-standing debate in the racial attitudes literature concerning whether anti-black prejudice (e.g., “new racism”) or ostensibly race-neutral opposition to group-based policies generally (i.e., “principled objections”) is the primary determinant of whites’ opposition to affirmative action in the form of “preferential hiring and promotion for blacks.” We analyze data from the 2000–2018 GSS to replicate and extend key aspects of Wilson’s work. As in the prior study, we find mixed support for the new racism and principled objections perspectives, providing an important update on white Americans’ beliefs about affirmative action for the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals The Effects of Chieftaincy and Land Conflicts on the Socio-political Development of Northern Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Francis Issahaku Malongza Bukari ◽  
Stephen Bugu Kendie ◽  
Mohammed Sulemana ◽  
Sylvester Zackaria Galaa
Keyword(s):  
Civic Education ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Realistic Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Conflict Theory

This paper assesses the effects of inter-ethnic chieftaincy and land conflicts on the socio-political development of northern Ghana. The knowledge gap the study sought to fill is the use of theoretical antecedents to illustrate that conflicts have some merits for socio-political development and that conflict theories equally depict solutions to conflicts. Methodologically, the study makes use of content analysis of secondary data, by following the tenets of the realistic group conflict theory. Examples were drawn from the Konkomba, Gonja, Nanumba, Dagomba, Kusasi, Mo and the Sissala disputes of emancipation. It was revealed that major positive effects of the conflicts include improvement in the decision-making processes on community development issues, strengthening of inter-ethnic unity and helping to redeem the identity of a group. The destruction of life and property is the major demerit. It was recommended that civic education on the causes and effects of the conflicts by authentic participation of potential disputants could provide a more sustainable way of preventing conflict.

An Integrated Review of Recent Research on the Relationships Between Religious Belief, Political Ideology, Authoritarianism, and Prejudice

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412092539
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Cuevas ◽  
Bryan L. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
Realistic Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Religious ideology and extremism have had an increasing influence on political agendas in the United States and much of the developed world in the past 60 years, with right-wing ideology becoming more prevalent this decade. This article serves as a review of studies investigating the correlations between political ideology, religiosity, right-wing authoritarianism, ingroups/outgroups, and prejudice in an attempt to describe and understand the well-established links between these dimensions. We discuss several group-level theories including Terror Management Theory, Social Identity Theory, Realistic Group Conflict Theory among others to frame the intercorrelations of these constructs in an effort to better understand the underlying mechanisms that drive individuals to embody religious and political beliefs. We then discuss individual-level cognitive and psychological differences such as intelligence, cognitive flexibility, and specific biological and neurological limitations of brain function that may influence people to adopt certain religious and political beliefs. Through a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of religious and political extremism, we may be better equipped to assuage the fear and denigration that is associated with many of these beliefs.

Why People Join Groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary P. Hohman ◽  
Olivia R. Kuljian
Keyword(s):  
Terror Management Theory ◽  
Terror Management ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Realistic Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Existential Issues

The need to belong and to be part of a group is a fundamental part of being human. The exact inspirational force that motivates people to join a group is not agreed upon in the psychological literature. Realistic group conflict theory, the self-esteem hypothesis, uncertainty-identity theory, terror management theory, and sociometer theory each explain the need to belong through distinct perspectives. These five heavily researched theories provide different explanations and predictions for why people join and identify with groups, such as the motivation for completing personal goals, the drive to increase self-esteem, to reduce anxiety surrounding death, to reduce uncertainty, and to seek protection within a group. Across the research on this topic, it is becoming clear that self-uncertainty reduction seems to be a powerful reason for identifying with groups. However, there is no doubt that other reasons may also be involved in the motivation to join groups. For example, existential uncertainty may drive people to affiliate with groups that specifically address existential issues; people may prefer to affiliate with desirable, rather than stigmatized, groups in order to satisfy the basic pursuit of pleasure over pain; and people may affiliate to protect against a wide variety of fears. Further research is needed to fully elucidate why people join groups.

Community Matters: Realistic Group Conflict Theory and the Impact of Diversity

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 830-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur P. Brief ◽  
Elizabeth E. Umphress ◽  
Joerg Dietz ◽  
John W. Burrows ◽  
Rebecca M. Butz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Conflict ◽  
Realistic Group Conflict Theory ◽  
Group Conflict Theory ◽  
The Impact
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