Jamshedpur

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Sinha ◽  
Jatinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Company Town ◽  
Local Site ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Neighborhood Unit ◽  
Global Planning ◽  
A Company

The steel city of Jamshedpur originated in a small company town in the backwaters of eastern India as a new experiment in urbanism in 1907. The article critically examines its evolution to trace the influence of the most significant twentieth century town planning ideas—the garden city and the neighborhood unit—on the industrial township. A reevaluation of the planning reports of 1911, 1920, 1936, and 1944–45 reveals the reworking and adaptation of twentieth century modern urban planning and the limited success it achieved in India. The planning ideals included open green spaces of the garden city as an antidote to industrialization, urban infrastructure adapted to local site conditions, neighborhood units self-sufficient in civic amenities, and street hierarchy as a means of traffic segregation. Regionalization of global planning ideals as well as the tension between planned development and organic growth is evident in the narrative of Jamshedpur evolving from a company town to industrial city to the present day urban agglomeration

Research on Practice of Sustainable Urban Development–Since the Early Twentieth Century to Contemporary Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuanwen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Neighborhood Planning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Neighborhood Unit

Background: This study investigated the evolution of planning since the Garden city movement and trends in contemporary eco-city practices. Creating more dialogues between the past and present is essential for clarifying the context of neighborhood planning to that of sustainable urban development and their potential future trends. Objectives: This study referenced the evolution of major neighborhood planning movements to address the requirements of urban sustainability since the early twentieth century, namely the garden city, neighborhood unit, modernism, Neo-traditionalism, and Eco-urbanism. We divided these into the categories of “premodernism” and “postmodernism” in our analysis. Methods: First, the secondary data research method was used for the literature review. Second, acase study was conducted to analyze the planning of SSTEC. Third, we adopted six codesto investigate SSTEC issues and performed a correlational analysis based on the key criticisms of five neighborhood planning movements. Results: The results show that SSTEC as positive or negative aspects of sustainable development and found that all correlations were negative in the premodernist period, whereas planning movements in the postmodernist period represented significant progress. Conclusion: (a) the omission of public participation represents the highest potential risk for the planning movement; and (b) lessons can be learned from modernism and through noticing bilateral collaborative trends.

scholarly journals The Garden City concept: From theory to implementation: Case study: Professors' Colony in Belgrade

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Dragana Ćorović
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Planning History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urban Discourse ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Town

This paper presents a part of the town-planning history of the capital of Serbia - Belgrade. The subject of the research* is the analysis of the application of Ebenezer Howard's Garden City Concept in Belgrade in the third decade of the twentieth century. Special attention was devoted to the urban discourse in the first decades of the last century. The narrower referential framework of this work focuses on investigating the urban growth and development of Belgrade in the first decades of the twentieth century. In Belgrade there are dwelling quarters that were created in the period between the World Wars as a direct consequence of the implementation of the Garden City Concept. One of the basic thesis of this work elaborates the modes of the genesis of one of them - the Professors' Colony, and seeks to distinguish specific applications of the Garden City Concept in relation to Belgrade's specific social conditions.

Breeding Better Babies in the Eugenic Garden City: ‘Municipal Darwinism’ and the (Anti)Cosmopolitan Utopia in the early Twentieth Century

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Currell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Garden City ◽  
New Town ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
National Body ◽  
Practical Level ◽  
The Way

Showing how ‘modernist cosmopolitanism’ coexisted with an anti-cosmopolitan municipal control this essay looks at the way utopian ideals about breeding better humans entered into new town and city planning in the early twentieth century. An experiment in eugenic garden city planning which took place in Strasbourg, France, in the 1920s provided a model for modern planning that was keenly observed by the international eugenics movement as well as city planners. The comparative approach taken in this essay shows that while core beliefs about degeneration and the importance of eugenics to improve the national ‘body’ were often transnational and cosmopolitan, attempts to implement eugenic beliefs on a practical level were shaped by national and regional circumstances that were on many levels anti-cosmopolitan. As a way of assuaging the tensions between the local and the global, as well as the traditional with the modern, this unique and now forgotten experiment in eugenic city planning aimed to show that both preservation and progress could succeed at the same time.

Danaher—The Making of a Conglomerate

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Sriram Nadathur ◽  
L. J. Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Declining Demand ◽  
A Company

Prudential Equity Group had downgraded Danaher to underweight status, citing concerns over its inadequate organic growth. By March 2009, its CEO wondered how to keep growing a company that faced changing worldwide economic circumstances, pressure from low-cost competitors, new competitors, flat or declining demand for company products, price increases for certain raw materials, and criticism from market analysts.

Restructuring policies of company-owned land and buildings in a company town

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (0) ◽  
pp. 122-122
Author(s):  
Kouichi Muramoto ◽  
Sayaka Fujii ◽  
Tomokazu Arita ◽  
Kenjiro Omura
Keyword(s):  
Company Town ◽  
A Company

scholarly journals Coordination mechanisms in the store opening process

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 482-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Mechanisms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Growth ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
A Company ◽  
Opening Process

Purpose – For many retailers organic growth through the opening of new stores is a crucial cornerstone of the business model. The purpose of this paper is to explore the store opening process conducted by retail companies. The research questions cover: first, the role and organisation of the establishment function in charge of the process; second, the activities and functions involved in the process; and third, the coordination mechanisms applied during the process. Design/methodology/approach – This research considers the store opening process as a company-wide project, managed by an establishment function, in which internal functions as well as external suppliers need to be coordinated. A multiple case study of eight retail companies is presented, focusing on the organisation of the establishment function, a mapping of the store opening process and the application of coordination mechanisms. Findings – The role and organisation of the establishment function is described and the store opening process is summarised into 11 main activities to be conducted by either the establishment function or other involved functions. During the store opening process six different coordination mechanisms are utilised, including mutual adjustments and direct supervision, as well as different types of standardisation. Originality/value – This research seeks to improve our understanding for the store opening process and how it can be managed and controlled in an effective manner.

Indian School, Company Town

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-321
Author(s):  
Kevin Whalen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Wage Labor ◽  
Company Town ◽  
Indian School ◽  
Sherman Institute ◽  
Indian Boarding School ◽  
Low Pay

During the early twentieth century, administrators at Sherman Institute, a federal Indian boarding school in Riverside, California, sent hundreds of students to work at Fontana Farms, a Southern California mega-ranch. Such work, they argued, would inculcate students with values of thrift and hard work, making them more like white, Protestant Americans. At Fontana, students faced low pay, racial discrimination, and difficult working conditions. Yet, when wage labor proved scarce on home reservations, many engaged the outing system with alacrity. In doing so, they moved beyond the spatial boundaries of the boarding school as historians have imagined it, and they used a program designed to erase native identities in order to carry their cultures forward into the twentieth century.

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