PENINGKATAN VOLUME USAHA ANGGOTA MELALUI OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN PLATFORM DIGITAL PADA KOPERASI DISABILITAS INDONESIA

Indonesia is one of the countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, so many victims died. Seeing an increase in Covid-19 cases, the government made a physical distancing policy to reduce the spread of Covid-19. However, this policy has an impact on hampered economic activity. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) in 2020, the number of poor people in March 2020 was 26.42 million people, an increase of 1.63 million people compared to September 2019. In addition, the Indonesian economy in the second quarter of 2020 compared to the second quarter of 2019 experienced a growth contraction of 5.32 percent (y-on-y). One of the groups of people who feel the impact of the Covid-19 on the family's economic condition is a group of people with disabilities. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, many people with disabilities have lost their jobs. In addition, some of them have succeeded in developing cooperatives. Currently, there are many Cooperatives for Persons with Disabilities. However, their work is lacking in demand due to declining demand in the market. Therefore, this is the background for community service activities to increase business volume through optimizing the use of digital platforms at the Indonesian Disability Cooperative. With business assistance for people with disabilities, it can help improve the skills of people with disabilities and help promote their products so that they can expand the marketing reach of products for people with disabilities. Thus, the income of persons with disabilities will increase.Keywords: Cooperatives, Disability, Digital Platform, Covid-19AbstrakIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang terdampak pandemi Covid-19, sehingga banyak korban meninggal. Melihat adanya peningkatan kasus Covid-19, pemerintah membuat kebijakan pysical distancing untuk mengurangi penyebaran Covid-19. Namun, kebijakan tersebut berdampak pada aktivitas perekonomian yang terhambat. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) pada tahun 2020, jumlah penduduk miskin pada Maret 2020 sebesar 26,42 juta orang, meningkat 1,63 juta orang terhadap September 2019. Selain itu, ekonomi Indonesia triwulan II-2020 terhadap triwulan II-2019 mengalami kontraksi pertumbuhan sebesar 5,32 persen (y-on-y). Salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang merasakan dampak adanya Covid-19 terhadap kondisi perekonomian keluarga yaitu kelompok masyarakat penyandang disabilitas. Sejak adanya pandemi Covid-19, banyak dari para penyandang disabilitas yang kehilangan pekerjaannya. Disamping itu, sebagian dari mereka telah berhasil mengembangkan koperasi. Saat ini telah banyak Koperasi Penyandang Disabilitas. Namun demikian, hasil karya mereka sepi peminat karena permintaannya yang menurun di pasar. Oleh karena itu, hal tersebut menjadi latar belakang kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dalam rangka peningkatan volume usaha melalui optimalisasi penggunaan plaftom digital pada Koperasi Disabilitas Indonesia. Dengan adanya pendampingan usaha untuk penyandang disabilitas, maka dapat membantu meningkatkan keterampilan para penyandang disabilitas serta membantu memasarkan produknya sehingga dapat memperluas jangkauan pemasaran produk para penyandang disabilitas. Dengan demikian, maka pendapatan para penyandang disabilitas akan meningkat.Kata Kunci: Koperasi, Disabilitas, Platform Digital, Covid-19

Sociocultural dominants of developing students’ value intentions: context of civilization challenges

The study of the influence of sociocultural dominants on value intentions formation in young generation of specialists (teachers) is important for identifying useful ideas that can be implemented to improve axiological situation in the country and the world in accordance with civilization challenges. The article highlights a wide range of theoretical achievements and presents results of empirical research, which confirms positive dynamics of value intentions development in students of pedagogical and art specialties. Generalized conclusions about development of this important phenomenon in the context of declining demand for value dominants, are confirmed by statistics. The study was based on axiological, socio-cultural, systemic and interdisciplinary research. The research field consisted of educational institutions in Kyiv (Ukraine), the sample was 356 respondents (students of the first bachelor’s level). The adequacy of the applied experimental tools (questionnaires, Pedagogical essays) is proved. The experimental work was conducted online using Google services. The results of the study show positive dynamics of the value intentions development and a significant correlation between students’ motivation to value-oriented activities and sustainability of this direction in the future. The importance of sociocultural determinants in the development of value intentions in students of pedagogical specialties based on sociocultural knowledge is proved.

Sociocultural dominants of developing students’ value intentions: context of civilization challenges

The study of the influence of sociocultural dominants on value intentions formation in young generation of specialists (teachers) is important for identifying useful ideas that can be implemented to improve axiological situation in the country and the world in accordance with civilization challenges. The article highlights a wide range of theoretical achievements and presents results of empirical research, which confirms positive dynamics of value intentions development in students of pedagogical and art specialties. Generalized conclusions about development of this important phenomenon in the context of declining demand for value dominants, are confirmed by statistics. The study was based on axiological, socio-cultural, systemic and interdisciplinary research. The research field consisted of educational institutions in Kyiv (Ukraine), the sample was 356 respondents (students of the first bachelor’s level). The adequacy of the applied experimental tools (questionnaires, Pedagogical essays) is proved. The experimental work was conducted online using Google services. The results of the study show positive dynamics of the value intentions development and a significant correlation between students’ motivation to value-oriented activities and sustainability of this direction in the future. The importance of sociocultural determinants in the development of value intentions in students of pedagogical specialties based on sociocultural knowledge is proved.

New system of higher engineering education in Germany

Introduction. The paper registers some significant changes that higher mining education has undergone over the past decades, including the ones that occurred in Germany. Mineral production on the Eurasian continent has been decreasing gradually and resulted in the declining demand for mining specialists. It is in German that the tendency was the most pronounced. Reduced number of students and the subsequent reduction in the number of mining and geological departments concerned all leading centers of mining education. Relevance. Higher educational institutions in Germany are looking for a way out of the crisis reorienting their teaching and scientific activity to the allied sciences, in particular oil and gas production, underground engineering structures construction, production and processing of unconventional natural resources, subsea production, environment-related activities, and spoil disposal. Colleges also train specialists for other countries and international mining corporations. Methods of research. The paper provides examples and analysis of new curricula in the universities of Freiberg, Aachen, Clausthal, etc. These mining schools have accumulated considerable experience in reforming and developing mining education. Current state. The mining field of vocational training in German colleges has acquired an integrated name which can be translated as the “technology of mineral raw materials”. Traditional mining specialisms are being combined and consolidated. New methodological approaches are being extensively introduced. These steps are to improve the appeal of the mining education for the youth and arouse employers interest in the specialists of a new specialism.

Marketing researches and promotion works of art in the fine art’s marketing

The purpose of the article. Research and analysis of marketing technology algorithms by means of market segmentation in fine arts marketing. The methodology of the study is to apply comparative, empirical, and theoretical methods. This methodological approach allows us to analyze the processes of segmentation of the fine arts market with the subsequent use of research results in the marketing processes of promoting works of art from artist to consumer. The scientific novelty consists in expanding the notions about the research of marketing processes in the art market. The article establishes that in the second half of the XX century - at the beginning of the XXI century in the art market very actively and effectively were used and are used marketing models and technologies. But professional scientific activity, scientific researches in the field of art market marketing have been conducted and are conducted insufficiently. Therefore, it can be stated that artistic creativity is the area of meticulous attention of large, small, and medium-sized businesses, which, in turn, created the art market, but still has not attracted specialists in this field of sociological, economic, marketing sciences. Scientific, research work on the positioning of works of art aims to determine the main market qualities of works of art, their recognizability for further promotion of works in the markets using advertising and other marketing mechanisms. The main purpose of the article: analysis of the specifics of the realization of classical marketing technologies (marketing researches, positioning of works of fine art) in the marketing of fine arts. Conclusions. The analysis of the problems of using traditional marketing technologies in art marketing carried out in the article gives grounds to state that such technologies are used in the art market, but they differ significantly from other market areas. Besides, due regard should be paid to the effectiveness of marketing technologies in the art market. Note that such traditional marketing technology as marketing researches is insufficiently used in the marketing of fine arts. Technology deserves special attention in art marketing. The technology of positioning works of art and artists deserves special attention in art marketing. The positioning of works of art in the implementation of the marketing approach allows the market to implement such strategies to meet the demand for works of art as: negative demand, lack of demand, latent demand, declining demand, irregular demand, full demand, excessive demand, unwanted demand.

Dynamic Optimal Pricing of Ridesharing Platforms under Network Externalities with Stochastic Demand

Ridesharing two-sided platforms link the stochastic demand side and the self-scheduling capacity supply side where there are network externalities. The main purpose of this paper is to establish the optimal pricing model of ridesharing platforms to dynamically coordinate uncertain supply and stochastic demand with network externalities in order to maximize platforms’ revenue and social welfare. We propose dynamic pricing strategies under two demand scenarios that minimize order loss in the surge demand period and maximize social welfare in the declining demand period. The numerical simulation results show that dynamic pricing strategies could stimulate the supply to reduce delayed orders in the surge demand scenario and adjust the demand to maximize social welfare under declining demand scenario. Additionally, we further find that the direct network externalities positively influence the platforms’ revenue, and the indirect network externalities have a negative effect on social welfare in the declining demand scenario, and a higher wage ratio cannot enhance the platforms’ revenue.

The China Influence of COVID-19 and the Fiscal Policy Measures Riposte in India - An Analytical Global Study

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19’s) impact has gone far beyond its direct effect on morbidity and mortality. In addition to adversely impacting non-COVID health care utilization, the pandemic has resulted in a deep global economic contraction due to lockdown policies and declining demand and supply of goods and services. As a result, most countries are experiencing lower levels of gross domestic product (GDP), rising unemployment, higher levels of impoverishment, and increasing income inequality. Some countries are more vulnerable to the economic contagion resulting from COVID-19, including those implementing more stringent lockdowns and those that are more globally integrated due to their dependence on trade, tourism, and remittances. In addition, countries with pre-existing conditions of fiscal weakness due to higher dependence on external grant financing, low tax revenues, and large pre-crisis debt levels are struggling to implement countercyclical mitigative fiscal and monetary policies. In addition to declining economic activity, government revenues have declined, government borrowing is increasing, and public debt levels are projected to skyrocket globally.

ROLE OF GOLD IN FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES OF COMMODITY EXPORTING COUNTRIES

The gold is still a reserve asset with specific features yet the variants of reserve management have improved considerably. Tendency to maintain ultra-low real interest rates potentially should affect the upward shift in demand on gold because alternative costs of holding it are declining. Demand for gold has indeed risen from the side of central banks recently. At the same time, there is no consensus in economic literature about optimal share of gold in foreign exchange reserves. However, it is presumed that incentives for more diversification are stronger than reserves hoarding is abnormal. Commodity exporters have accumulated large reserve over the last decades. Thus, their diversification decisions in favour of gold seem to be natural. However, empirical analysis paints a more complicated picture. A) Commodity exporters are getting to be more and more heterogeneous in terms holding gold as a share of foreign assets. Such heterogeneity is more vivid compared to the world as a whole. B) Distribution of gold reserves among commodity exporters is changing toward increasing number of countries with gold holdings over the median size for the group. C) There is direct correlation between global commodity prices and gold holdings in tons, but an inverse relationship in the case of share of gold in reserves. This leads to the conclusion that there are two types of demand on gold: endogenous as a function of gradual hoarding of foreign exchange reserves, and specific, that is driven by specific portfolio management needs and non-economic factors. This finding is consistent with features of holding reserves in countries with large hoarding and strong vulnerability to terms-of-trade shocks and features of political regimes in countries with resource abundance.

The Care Burden During COVID-19: A National Database of Child Care Closures in the United States

Access to child care centers reduces the care burden of parents, promotes child development, and creates employment opportunities. During the COVID-19 pandemic, however, many child care centers closed due to capacity restrictions and declining demand for in-person care. This study uses anonymized and aggregated mobile phone data to track year-over-year changes in visits to child care centers across most counties in the U.S. during each month of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings reveal that two-thirds of child care centers closed in April 2020, while one-third remained closed in April 2021. Moreover, we find that non-White families are more likely to be exposed to child care closures than White families. Our findings point to widening inequalities in access to child care and potential inequalities in the pace of labor market recovery after the pandemic subsides. We make our monthly-updated database on child care closures publicly available for use in future research.

Some Alternative Monetary Facts

In this paper, we discuss the modern history of monetarism and its alternatives, as well as the changing empirical relationship of various measures of money and inflation. After demonstrating that previous naïve correlations between money and inflation as established in the 20th century literature have largely disappeared, we explain why this cannot be taken as support for an increased reliance on permanent monetary finance. Rather, we argue that rapid technological innovation in payments systems—both public and private—including in global pledged collateral markets, portends a declining demand for central bank liabilities.