The Comparative Benefits and Hazards of EFBs and Paper Documents in the Cockpit

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
John Sweet ◽  
Kim-Phuong L. Vu ◽  
Vernol Battiste ◽  
Thomas Z. Strybel
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Flight Planning ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Outcome Function

Electronic Flight Bags (EFBs) are replacing the traditional paper documents used by pilots for pre-flight planning and in-flight operations. Simulation studies comparing information retrieval times and error rates for EFBs and paper documents have found that pilots are faster and perform better with EFBs, but it is unclear whether this is true for all EFB systems. This study compared reports from the ASRS across categorical variables such as Human Factors Issue, Outcome, Function in Use, Operating Regulations and Phase of Flight. The most significant human factors issues relating to EFBs were lack of training, distractions/workload, and inhibited access to information. Crewmembers consistently ran into difficulty with the zooming/panning feature of EFBs, especially on multi-touch touchscreen displays.

General Aviation Weather Hazards:Current Human Factors Research, Pilot Practices, and Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Beth Blickensderfer ◽  
Lori J Brown ◽  
Alyssa Greenman ◽  
Jayde King ◽  
Brandon Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Human Factors Research

When General Aviation (GA) pilots encounter unexpected weather hazards in-flight, the results are typically deadly. It is unsurprising that the National Transportation Safety Board repeatedly lists weather related factors in GA flight operations as an unsolved aviation safety challenge. Solving this problem requires multidisciplinary perspectives. Fortunately, in the past several years innovative laboratory research and industry products have become available. This panel discussion brings together Human Factors and Ergonomics researchers and practitioners to discuss and describe the current work and future directions to avoid weather related accidents in GA.

Development of Display Design and Command Usage Guidelines for Spacelab Experiment Computer Applications

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Dodson ◽  
Nicholas L. Shields
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Computer Applications ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Dynamic Update ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Computer Operating System ◽  
And Control

Individual Spacelab experimenters are responsible for developing their CRT display formats and interactive command scenarios for payload crew monitoring and control of experiment operations via the Spacelab Data Display System (DDS). In order to enhance crew training and flight operations, it was important to establish some standardization of the crew/experiment interface among different experiments by providing standard methods and techniques for data presentation and experiment commanding via the DDS. In order to establish optimum usage guidelines for the Spacelab DDS, the capabilities and limitations of the hardware and Experiment Computer Operating System design had to be considered. Since the operating system software and hardware ware design had already been established, the Display and Command Usage Guidelines were constrained to the capabilities of the existing system design. Empirical evaluations were conducted on a DDS simulator to determine optimum operator/system interface utilization of the system capabilities. Display parameters such as information location, display density, data organization, status presentation and dynamic update effects were evaluated in terms of response times and error rates.

scholarly journals Mission Flight Planning of RPAS for Photogrammetric Studies in Complex Scenes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
José Miguel Gómez-López ◽  
José Luis Pérez-García ◽  
Antonio Tomás Mozas-Calvache ◽  
Jorge Delgado-García
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ground Sample ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Flight Planning ◽  
Flight Operations ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Complex Scenes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Aerial Systems

This study describes a new approach to Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems (RPAS) photogrammetric mission flight planning. In this context, we have identified different issues appearing in complex scenes or difficulties caused by the project requirements in order to establish those functions or tools useful for resolving them. This approach includes the improvement of some common photogrammetric flight operations and the proposal of new flight schemas for some scenarios and practical cases. Some examples of these specific schemas are the combined flight (which includes characteristics of a classical block flight and a corridor flight in only one mission) and a polygon extrusion mode to be used for buildings and vertical objects, according to the International Committee of Architectural Photogrammetry (CIPA) recommendations. In all cases, it is very important to allow a detailed control of the flight and image parameters, such as the ground sample distance (GSD) variation, scale, footprints, coverage, and overlaps, according to the Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) available for the area. In addition, the application could be useful for quality control of other flights (or flight planning). All these new functions and improvements have been implemented in a software developed in order to make RPAS photogrammetric mission planning easier. The inclusion of new flight typologies supposes a novelty with respect to other available applications. The application has been tested using several cases including different types of flights. The results obtained in the quality parameters of flights (coverage and GSD variation) have demonstrated the viability of our new approach in supporting other photogrammetric procedures.

Directional-sum test for nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem with applications to the dietary intervention trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 096228022110028
Author(s):  
Zhen Meng ◽  
Qinglong Yang ◽  
Qizhai Li ◽  
Baoxue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Type I ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Combination Strategy ◽  
Type I Error Rates ◽  
Dietary Intervention Trial

For a nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem, a directional-sum test is proposed based on division-combination strategy. A one-layer wild bootstrap procedure is given to calculate its statistical significance. We conduct simulation studies with data generated from lognormal, t and Laplace distributions to show that the proposed test can control the type I error rates properly and is more powerful than the existing rank-sum and maximum-type tests under most of the considered scenarios. Applications to the dietary intervention trial further show the performance of the proposed test.

scholarly journals Statistically efficient association analysis of quantitative traits with haplotypes and untyped SNPs in family studies

BMC Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqing Diao ◽  
Dan-yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Family Data ◽  
Type I ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Extensive Simulation

Abstract Background Associations between haplotypes and quantitative traits provide valuable information about the genetic basis of complex human diseases. Haplotypes also provide an effective way to deal with untyped SNPs. Two major challenges arise in haplotype-based association analysis of family data. First, haplotypes may not be inferred with certainty from genotype data. Second, the trait values within a family tend to be correlated because of common genetic and environmental factors. Results To address these challenges, we present an efficient likelihood-based approach to analyzing associations of quantitative traits with haplotypes or untyped SNPs. This approach properly accounts for within-family trait correlations and can handle general pedigrees with arbitrary patterns of missing genotypes. We characterize the genetic effects on the quantitative trait by a linear regression model with random effects and develop efficient likelihood-based inference procedures. Extensive simulation studies are conducted to examine the performance of the proposed methods. An application to family data from the Childhood Asthma Management Program Ancillary Genetic Study is provided. A computer program is freely available. Conclusions Results from extensive simulation studies show that the proposed methods for testing the haplotype effects on quantitative traits have correct type I error rates and are more powerful than some existing methods.

scholarly journals Ordering of Huge Biometric Information in Database System

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Varisha Alam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Database System ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Access Management ◽  
Retrieval Time ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Improved Accuracy ◽  
Biometric Information

The word biometrics is derived from the Greek words 'bios' and 'metric' which means living and calculation appropriately. Biometrics is the electronic identification of individuals based on their physiological and biological features. Biometric attributes are data take out from biometric test which can be used for contrast with a biometric testimonial. Biometrics composed methods for incomparable concede humans based upon one or more inherent material or behavioral characteristics. In Computer Science, bio-metrics is employed as a kind of recognition access management and access command. Biometrics has quickly seemed like an auspicious technology for attestation and has already found a place in the most sophisticated security areas. A systematic clustering technique has been there for partitioning huge biometric databases throughout recognition. As we tend to are still obtaining the higher bin-miss rate, so this work is predicated on conceiving an ordering strategy for recognition of huge biometric database and with larger precision. This technique is based on the modified B+ tree that decreases the disk accesses. It reduced the information retrieval time and feasible error rates. The ordering technique is employed to proclaims a person’s identity with a reduced rate of differentiation instead of searching the whole database. The response time degenerates, further-more because the accuracy of the system deteriorates as the size of the database increases. Hence, for vast applications, the requirement to reduce the database to a little fragment seems to attain higher speeds and improved accuracy.

scholarly journals A gene based approach to test genetic association based on an Optimally Weighted Combination of Multiple Traits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Qiuying Sha ◽  
Guanfu Liu ◽  
Xuexia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Multiple Trait ◽  
Association Tests ◽  
Trait Association ◽  
Weighted Combination

AbstractThere is increasing evidence showing that pleiotropy is a widespread phenomenon in complex diseases for which multiple correlated traits are often measured. Joint analysis of multiple traits could increase statistical power by aggregating multiple weak effects. Existing methods for multiple trait association tests usually study each of the multiple traits separately and then combine the univariate test statistics or combine p-values of the univariate tests for identifying disease associated genetic variants. However, ignoring correlation between phenotypes may cause power loss. Additionally, the genetic variants in one gene (including common and rare variants) are often viewed as a whole that affects the underlying disease since the basic functional unit of inheritance is a gene rather than a genetic variant. Thus, results from gene level association test can be more readily integrated with downstream functional and pathogenic investigation, whereas many existing methods for multiple trait association tests only focus on testing a single common variant rather than a gene. In this article, we propose a statistical method by Testing an Optimally Weighted Combination of Multiple traits (TOW-CM) to test the association between multiple traits and multiple variants in a genomic region (a gene or pathway). We investigate the performance of the proposed method through extensive simulation studies. Our simulation studies show that the proposed method has correct type I error rates and is either the most powerful test or comparable with the most powerful tests. In addition, we illustrate the usefulness of TOW-CM by analyzing a whole-genome genotyping data from a COPDGene study.

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