biological features
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2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
M. A. Starostina ◽  
N. G. Lapenko

Relevance. Biological features (morphometric indicators, viability and germinating power) of Poterium polygamum seeds found in natural communites of the Stavropol Territory have been studied. The conservation of wild-growing plant species in the natural population and the rational use of their potential are relevant.Methods. Years of study — 2013–2021. The subject of the study is Poterium polygamum seeds. Seeds were collected in 2013. Studies were carried out according to the methods of studying seed material. Freshly harvested seeds and seeds of different shelf life were germinated in petri dishes at a temperature of 18–20 °C.Results. The collected seeds of Poterium polygamum are quite large. The length of the seeds is 4–5 mm, the width is about 2.5 mm. The mass of 1000 pieces of seeds on average was 10.59 grams. Complete absence of viability of freshly harvested Poterium polygamum seeds was revealed. After three months, seed viability was 97%. This is a shallow physiological rest associated with the post-harvest maturation period. During the storage of seeds, their high germination was established — from 70 to 100%. The duration of seed storage is 8 years. The largest number of germinated seeds and their germinating power were noted in the third year of their storage (100%). Seeds germinated on the third or fourth day. The differences between the viability of seeds and their germinating power are not great. In the eighth year of storage of Poterium polygamum seeds, viability and germinating power were slightly reduced. The storage period of seeds, in which they retain the ability to germinate and the germinating power, is long. It has been found that the wild species Poterium polygamum belongs to plants with a high (70 to 100%) viability. This species is regularly resumed in the natural population. The revealed biological features of Poterium polygamum seeds can become the scientific basis during the reconstruction of degraded natural grass stand and in selection work.


Pharmaceutics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Catarina S. Miranda ◽  
Ana Francisca G. Silva ◽  
Sílvia M. M. A. Pereira-Lima ◽  
Susana P. G. Costa ◽  
Natália C. Homem ◽  
...  

Electrospinning and wet-spinning have been recognized as two of the most efficient and promising techniques for producing polymeric fibrous constructs for a wide range of applications, including optics, electronics, food industry and biomedical applications. They have gained considerable attention in the past few decades because of their unique features and tunable architectures that can mimic desirable biological features, responding more effectively to local demands. In this review, various fiber architectures and configurations, varying from monolayer and core-shell fibers to tri-axial, porous, multilayer, side-by-side and helical fibers, are discussed, highlighting the influence of processing parameters in the final constructs. Additionally, the envisaged biomedical purposes for the examined fiber architectures, mainly focused on drug delivery and tissue engineering applications, are explored at great length.


Neoplasma ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Corrao ◽  
Giulia Marvaso ◽  
Mattia Zaffaroni ◽  
Stefania Volpe ◽  
Matteo Augugliaro ◽  
...  

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Lala Chaimae Naciri ◽  
Mariano Mastinu ◽  
Roberto Crnjar ◽  
Iole Tomassini Barbarossa ◽  
Melania Melis

Several studies have used taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) to evaluate interindividual taste variability and its impact on food preferences, nutrition, and health. We used a supervised learning (SL) approach for the automatic identification of the PROP taster categories (super taster (ST); medium taster (MT); and non-taster (NT)) of 84 subjects (aged 18–40 years). Biological features determined from subjects were included for the training system. Results showed that SL enables the automatic identification of objective PROP taster status, with high precision (97%). The biological features were classified in order of importance in facilitating learning and as prediction factors. The ratings of perceived taste intensity for PROP paper disks (50 mM) and PROP solution (3.2 mM), along with fungiform papilla density, were the most important features, and high estimated values pushed toward ST prediction, while low values leaned toward NT prediction. Furthermore, TAS2R38 genotypes were significant features (AVI/AVI, PAV/PAV, and PAV/AVI to classify NTs, STs, and MTs, respectively). These results, in showing that the SL approach enables an automatic, immediate, scalable, and high-precision classification of PROP taster status, suggest that it may represent an objective and reliable tool in taste physiology studies, with applications ranging from basic science and medicine to food sciences.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Daniel Makowiecki

This article presents the results of a specialist archaeozoological analysis of materials from an early medieval stronghold in Dusina, in southern Greater Poland. The examined bones come from millennium excavations and are a fragment of the collection obtained at that time. The remains were subjected to a description of zoological, anatomical and biological features, presenting the composition of individual taxa, as well as identifying traces on bones, indicating slaughtering activities and preferences in the selection of animal carcass parts


Author(s):  
L. V. Levchuk ◽  
T. V. Kricka ◽  
T. O. Oseledchenko

In the article information is presented about the biological features of species sort of Asparagus L., cultivated in the conditions of botanical garden of ONU. The methods of growing and reproduction are lighted up. The collection counts 8 kinds. There are given the results over of study of introduction of Asparagus L. in the conditions of Odessa.


2021 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Fay ◽  
Keir M. Balla ◽  
Shanley N. Roach ◽  
Frances K. Shepherd ◽  
Dira S. Putri ◽  
...  

Emerging viruses threaten global health, but few experimental models can characterize the virus and host factors necessary for within- and cross-species transmission. Here, we leverage a model whereby pet store mice or rats—which harbor natural rodent pathogens—are cohoused with laboratory mice. This “dirty” mouse model offers a platform for studying acute transmission of viruses between and within hosts via natural mechanisms. We identified numerous viruses and other microbial species that transmit to cohoused mice, including prospective new members of the Coronaviridae, Astroviridae, Picornaviridae, and Narnaviridae families, and uncovered pathogen interactions that promote or prevent virus transmission. We also evaluated transmission dynamics of murine astroviruses during transmission and spread within a new host. Finally, by cohousing our laboratory mice with the bedding of pet store rats, we identified cross-species transmission of a rat astrovirus. Overall, this model system allows for the analysis of transmission of natural rodent viruses and is a platform to further characterize barriers to zoonosis.


Author(s):  
Elena Muratova ◽  
Tamara Sedelnikova

Aim. To make a review of Hevea and Manihot, two related plant genera that have been used by humans for a long time, to analyze their biological features, to give information on their use, to present the most interesting materials associated with them. Main part. A review of Hevea and Manihot, useful plants in the tropics and subtropics, is carried out. Their characteristics are given, biological features are considered, and data on the places of origin, on the regions where they are cultivated are considered. Information on their use by people is presented: Hevea as a rubber-bearing, cassava as a food product. Special attention is paid to the cytogenetic features of Hevea and Manihot, information about the ancient polyploid origin of these plants. Conclusion. From ancient to the present time, mankind has been using in everyday life many valuable species of subtropical and tropical plants, including Hevea and Manihot, which are an integral part of ethnocultural traditions.


Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Claire Mason ◽  
Chris Vivian ◽  
Andrew Griffith ◽  
Lee Warford ◽  
Clare Hynes ◽  
...  

Action Levels (ALs) are thresholds which are used to determine whether dredged material is suitable for disposal at sea by providing a proxy risk assessment for potential impacts to biological features such as fish and benthos. This project tested proposed scenarios for changes to the UK Action Levels to determine the likely implications for navigational dredge licensing in England and Wales. Approximately 3000 sample data records from 2009 to 2018 were collated with varying numbers of concentrations for contaminant parameters including trace metals, organotins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Initially, these data were assessed using current ALs to determine the percentages of the samples with levels below AL1 (generally acceptable for disposal), between AL1 and AL2 and those showing levels above AL2 (generally unacceptable for disposal). These results were then used to compare with the results of the proposed new AL scenarios for each contaminant type derived from literature reviews and historic data. The results indicate that there are changes to the ALs which could be made such as updating the current ALs with the revised ALs, as well as the introduction of ALs where there are currently none set. The benefits of changing the ALs include reducing contaminant disposal to the marine environment and increased transparency in decision making. Any proposed scenarios will need to be phased in carefully in full liaison with stakeholders.


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