scholarly journals Reporting of Research Ethics in Studies Focusing on Foot Health in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis – A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 155626462110476
Author(s):  
Minna Stolt ◽  
Emilia Kielo-Viljamaa ◽  
Anne-Marie Laitinen ◽  
Riitta Suhonen ◽  
Helena Leino-Kilpi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Foot Health ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Ethical Approval

Research ethics is a fundamental part of the entire research. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are sensitive group of research participants because their long-term health problems cause significant changes in their foot health. In foot health research, data are usually collected through a clinical assessment of the foot or questionnaires. However, there is limited evidence of the reported research ethics of empirical studies on foot health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore this review aimed to analyze the reported research ethics of peer-reviewed empirical studies focusing on foot health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as research participants. This systematic review used the Medline/PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase databases. A total of 1,653 records were identified, and 32 articles were included in the final analysis. Reporting research ethics in studies of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is fragmented, focusing predominantly on ethical approval and informed consent and lacking a broader discussion about research ethics.

Older people in long-term care settings as research informants

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 551-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta Suhonen ◽  
Minna Stolt ◽  
Helena Leino-Kilpi
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Approval Procedure

Conducting nursing research in long-term care facilities and with samples of older people requires careful attention to research ethics and the ethical conduct of the study. This review analysed the research ethics of the empirical studies that focus on older people in long-term care settings as research participants. Articles (n = 66) focussing on older people in long-term care settings as research informants were retrieved from an electronic search of MEDLINE (1990 to February 2012) using the MESH terms ‘Nursing’ AND ‘Long-term care’ (578 citations) and ‘Institutionalization’ and ‘Nursing’ (89 citations). Ethical approval procedure was reported in more than half of the studies (58%) and informed consent in two-thirds of the studies (70%). Ethical issues in data collection were described in most of the articles, but only a few reported ethics in problem statement, reporting or presenting implications. There is a need to focus on reporting research ethics and procedures in empirical research on vulnerable people.

scholarly journals Evidence for current recommendations concerning the management of foot health for people with chronic long-term conditions: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Edwards ◽  
Alan Borthwick ◽  
Louise McCulloch ◽  
Anthony Redmond ◽  
Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Foot Health

Ethics and the Ruling Relations of Research Production

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Truman
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Research Governance ◽  
Community Mental Health Service ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Research Production ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Ethical Approval

The role of research ethics committees has expanded across the UK and North America and the process of ethical review has become re-institutionalised under proposals for research governance proposed by government. Ethics committees have gained a powerful role as gatekeepers within the research process. Underpinning the re-constitution of ethical guidelines and research governance, are a range of measures which protect institutional interests, without necessarily providing an effective means to address the moral obligations and responsibilities of researchers in relation to the production of social research. Discussion of research ethics from the standpoint of research participants who in this paper, are service users within health and social care, provides a useful dimension to current debate. In this paper I draw upon experiences of gaining ethical approval for a research study which focused on user participation within a community mental health service. I discuss the strategies used to gain ethical approval and the ‘formal concerns’ raised by the ethics committee. I then describe and discuss ethical issues which emerged from a participants’ perspective during the actual research as it was carried out. These experiences are analysed using aspects of institutional ethnography which provides a framework to explore how the experiences of research participants are mediated by texts which govern the processes of research production. The paper highlights incongruities between the formal ethical regulation of research, and the experiences of research participants in relation to ethical concerns within a research process.

scholarly journals Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Really Improve During Pregnancy? A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Jethwa ◽  
Suzanne Lam ◽  
Colette Smith ◽  
Ian Giles
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective.We performed a systematic review and metaanalysis to assess rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity during pregnancy using objective disease activity scoring systems.Methods.A systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE/Medline, Cochrane, and LactMed databases was performed. Our inclusion criteria for analysis were prospective studies, more than 5 patients per study, and data on RA using an objective scoring system conducted by a clinician/health professional.Results.Ten studies were eligible for final analysis, which included 237 patients, of which prepartum data were available for 204 patients. Postpartum disease activity was recorded in 135 pregnancies.Conclusion.Disease activity improved in 60% of patients with RA in pregnancy and flared in 46.7% postpartum.

scholarly journals Hotel Brand Loyalty—A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Górska-Warsewicz ◽  
Olena Kulykovets
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Travel Type

The aim of this study was to analyze hotel brand loyalty (HBL) based on a systematic literature review conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statements. Following these statements, we searched two databases (Scopus and Web of Science) for studies containing the term ‘hotel brand loyalty’. Additionally, the backward and forward snowballing methods were applied. Only empirical studies concerning loyalty towards brand hotels were included, resulting in 26 studies in the final review. The quality of the various studies was evaluated according to the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. The studies included in the systematic review were analyzed in three areas: general details and study design (authorship, year of publication, type of study, research country or location, characteristic of the sample population, the purpose of stay or travel, type of hotels, hotel brands), research specifications (factors/variables, hypotheses, measurement items, data analysis), and general findings (findings related to HBL and managerial recommendations). To summarize the results, word cloud visualization was applied. For studies included in the systematic review, HBL was analyzed on two levels: in the context of factors determining the guest/tourist loyalty to the hotel brands (such as frequently mentioned brand awareness, brand image, and perceived quality) as well as those pertaining to models of brand equity. This highlighted the need for managers to perform activities in terms of brand experience and shape long-term relationships in order to strengthen loyalty to hotel brands.

Outcomes Reported in Prospective Long‐Term Observational Studies and Registries of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Worldwide: An OMERACT Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Lopez‐Olivo ◽  
Richard J. Zogala ◽  
Jude des Bordes ◽  
Natalia V. Zamora ◽  
Robin Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies

scholarly journals Gap between short- and long-term effects of patient education in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Niedermann ◽  
Jaap Fransen ◽  
Ruud Knols ◽  
Daniel Uebelhart
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

Differences of energy expenditure while sitting versus standing: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 522-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzane Saeidifard ◽  
Jose R Medina-Inojosa ◽  
Marta Supervia ◽  
Thomas P Olson ◽  
Virend K Somers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences

Background Replacing sitting with standing is one of several recommendations to decrease sedentary time and increase the daily energy expenditure, but the difference in energy expenditure between standing versus sitting has been controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine this difference. Designs and methods We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar for observational and experimental studies that compared the energy expenditure of standing versus sitting. We calculated mean differences and 95% confidence intervals using a random effects model. We conducted different predefined subgroup analyses based on characteristics of participants and study design. Results We identified 658 studies and included 46 studies with 1184 participants for the final analysis. The mean difference in energy expenditure between sitting and standing was 0.15 kcal/min (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12–0.17). The difference among women was 0.1 kcal/min (95% CI 0.0–0.21), and was 0.19 kcal/min (95% CI 0.05–0.33) in men. Observational studies had a lower difference in energy expenditure (0.11 kcal/min, 95% CI 0.08–0.14) compared to randomised trials (0.2 kcal/min, 95% CI 0.12–0.28). By substituting sitting with standing for 6 hours/day, a 65 kg person will expend an additional 54 kcal/day. Assuming no increase in energy intake, this difference in energy expenditure would be translated into the energy content of about 2.5 kg of body fat mass in 1 year. Conclusions The substitution of sitting with standing could be a potential solution for a sedentary lifestyle to prevent weight gain in the long term. Future studies should aim to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of this strategy.

scholarly journals How is affective instability defined and measured? A systematic review

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1793-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marwaha ◽  
Z. He ◽  
M. Broome ◽  
S. P. Singh ◽  
J. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Affective Instability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Affective Lability

BackgroundAffective instability (AI) is poorly defined but considered clinically important. The aim of this study was to examine definitions and measures of AI employed in clinical populations.MethodThis study was a systematic review using the PRISMA guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PsycArticles and Web of Science databases were searched. Also five journals were hand searched. Primary empirical studies involving randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, controlled before and after, and observational investigations were included. Studies were selected, data extracted and quality appraised. A narrative synthesis was completed.ResultsA total of 11 443 abstracts were screened and 37 studies selected for final analysis on the basis that they provided a definition and measure of AI. Numbers of definitions for each of the terms employed in included studies were: AI (n = 7), affective lability (n = 6), affective dysregulation (n = 1), emotional dysregulation (n = 4), emotion regulation (n = 2), emotional lability (n = 1), mood instability (n = 2), mood lability (n = 1) and mood swings (n = 1); however, these concepts showed considerable overlap in features. A total of 24 distinct measures were identified that could be categorized as primarily measuring one of four facets of AI (oscillation, intensity, ability to regulate and affect change triggered by environment) or as measuring general emotional regulation.ConclusionsA clearer definition of AI is required. We propose AI be defined as ‘rapid oscillations of intense affect, with a difficulty in regulating these oscillations or their behavioural consequences’. No single measure comprehensively assesses AI and a combination of current measures is required for assessment. A new short measure of AI that is reliable and validated against external criteria is needed.

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