scholarly journals How is Frayed Fiber Generated during Refining Process? (Identification of Frayed Fiber under High Resolution Microscope)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501000500
Author(s):  
Yuhe Chen ◽  
Mousa M. Nazhad
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Process Identification ◽  
Fiber Processing

The objective of this study is to characterize frayed fiber[1] under high resolution microscope to unveil fiber fraying. Based on observation with high resolution microscope, the classification of frayed fibers has been done to contribute to clarifying fiber fraying mechanism. One rectification on previous recognition of frayed fiber has been made to indicate that the dominating cases for fiber fraying are many fibers fraying in one point instead of single fiber fraying at fiber cut site as previously reported[1]. Thus the rectification/removal of fallacious knowledge of frayed fiber favors to clarify this issue. It is further indicated that the unveiling or clarification of fiber fraying mechanism is mainly based on the integration between classification of frayed fiber and traditionally proven effects of refining on various fiber changes from LC to HC refining process. Thus, a latest and newly-built theory responsible for fiber fraying during refining process has been proposed in this paper. With convincing reasoning and speculation, this newly established theory proposed in this paper could go through various visible phenomena and effects of frayed fibers as published earlier[1]. This theory proposes that frayed fibers are generated based on the integration of Ȝsplittingȝ and Ȝlocally high consistencyȝ mechanisms. In other words, the intensive external fibrillation responsible for Ȝsplittingȝ and Ȝlocally high consistencyȝ theory is one of the most important effects on refining on frayed fiber generation. Therefore, the origin of fiber fraying could be the intensive external fibrillation(LC refining at high energy) integrated together with certain fiber type (SW), the methodology of fiber processing(BSKP), refiner type(Escher Wyss) and friction between fibers and equipment. This theory further indicates that any intensive external fibrillation equivalents generated in any conditions other than LC refining at high energy also permit fiber fraying generation.

High-resolution EM study of submicrometer-grained Al-Mg solid solution alloys

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
Z. Horita ◽  
D. J. Smith ◽  
M. Furukawa ◽  
M. Nemoto ◽  
R. Z. Valiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Energy State ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Solid Solution Alloy ◽  
Average Grain Size

It is possible to produce metallic materials with submicrometer-grained (SMG) structures by imposing an intense plastic strain under quasi-hydrostatic pressure. Studies using conventional transmission electron microscopy (CTEM) showed that many grain boundaries in the SMG structures appeared diffuse in nature with poorly defined transition zones between individual grains. The implication of the CTEM observations is that the grain boundaries of the SMG structures are in a high energy state, having non-equilibrium character. It is anticipated that high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) will serve to reveal a precise nature of the grain boundary structure in SMG materials. A recent study on nanocrystalline Ni and Ni3Al showed lattice distortion and dilatations in the vicinity of the grain boundaries. In this study, HREM observations are undertaken to examine the atomic structure of grain boundaries in an SMG Al-based Al-Mg alloy.An Al-3%Mg solid solution alloy was subjected to torsion straining to produce an equiaxed grain structure with an average grain size of ~0.09 μm.

Ultra high resolution SEM at high voltage images individual fab fragments applied as molecular label to cell surface receptors

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Metal Coating ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Surface Mobility ◽  
Metal Atoms ◽  
Shadowing Effect ◽  
Imaging Mode ◽  
Deposition Techniques

Topographic ultra high resolution can now routinely be established on bulk samples in cold field emission scanning electron microscopy with a second generation of microscopes (FSEM) designed to provide 0.5 nm probe diameters. If such small probes are used for high magnification imaging, topographic contrast is so high that remarkably fine details can be imaged on 2DMSO/osmium-impregnated specimens at ribosome surfaces even without a metal coating. On TCH/osmium-impregnated specimens topographic resolution can be increased further if the SE-I imaging mode is applied. This requires that beam diameter and metal coating thickness be made smaller than the SE range of ~1 nm and background signal contributions be reduced. Subnanometer small probes can be obtained (only) at high accelerating voltages. Subnanometer thin continuous metal films can be produced under the following conditions: self-shadowing effect between metal atoms must be reduced through appropriate deposition techniques and surface mobility of metal atoms must be diminished through high energy sputtering and/or specimen cooling.

Interaction Between Basal Stacking Faults and Prismatic Inversion Domain Boundaries in GaN

2000 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philomela Komninou ◽  
Joseph Kioseoglou ◽  
Eirini Sarigiannidou ◽  
George P. Dimitrakopulos ◽  
Thomas Kehagias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Inversion Domain ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Inversion Domain Boundaries

ABSTRACTThe interaction of growth intrinsic stacking faults with inversion domain boundaries in GaN epitaxial layers is studied by high resolution electron microscopy. It is observed that stacking faults may mediate a structural transformation of inversion domain boundaries, from the low energy types, known as IDB boundaries, to the high energy ones, known as Holt-type boundaries. Such interactions may be attributed to the different growth rates of adjacent domains of inverse polarity.

3-Dimensional Characterization of Polycrystalline Bulk Materials Using High-Energy Synchrotron Radiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 2353-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Lienert ◽  
Jonathan Almer ◽  
Bo Jakobsen ◽  
Wolfgang Pantleon ◽  
Henning Friis Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mapping Technique ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Individual Grains

The implementation of 3-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction (3DXRD) Microscopy at the Advanced Photon Source is described. The technique enables the non-destructive structural characterization of polycrystalline bulk materials and is therefore suitable for in situ studies during thermo-mechanical processing. High energy synchrotron radiation and area detectors are employed. First, a forward modeling approach for the reconstruction of grain boundaries from high resolution diffraction images is described. Second, a high resolution reciprocal space mapping technique of individual grains is presented.

High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphic Frameworks Research in the XII Group of the Member III of Qing Shankou Formation in the Qian'an Oilfield

2013 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Lei Li ◽  
Lei Qin ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Xi Long Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Stratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Middle Term ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Mud Logging ◽  
High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Symmetric Structures

With the instruction of the high resolution sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology theory, and the comprehensive application of 11 wells core, more than 800 mud logging and log data, high resolution sequence stratigraphic characteristics research in the XII Group of the Member III of Qing Shankou Formation in the Qianan oilfield has been finished. The results show that the study area can be divided into one middle-term base level cycle and five short-term base level cycles. The only sequence structure of middle term cycle is (B type) and the short term cycle mainly consists of B types meanwhile there are small mounts of upward deepening structures (A type) and symmetric structures (C type). Based on the classification of base-level cycles, fine stratigraphic correlation is conducted by using isochronous cycle correlations. In addition, 15 high resolution sequence stratigraphic frameworks are established which unify the study area and provide the solid geological basis for the sandstone distribution, the identification of mainly oil-bearing sand bodies and potential oil reservoirs.

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