scholarly journals System for notational analysis in small-sided soccer games

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariëtte JJ van Maarseveen ◽  
Raôul RD Oudejans ◽  
Geert JP Savelsbergh
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Validity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Notation System ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Notational Analysis ◽  
Role Players ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Further Development

The objective of this study was to compose an objective and detailed notational analysis system for 3 vs. 2 + GK small-sided soccer games, in which three roles are examined: attacker with ball, attacker without ball and defender. The actions and the outcome of the actions were registered for each player and in each role. Players earn points for each action and outcome according to an a priori determined scheme. Performance scores for each role are calculated as the average number of points a participant earns per trial. This notation system was tested on 19 highly talented female soccer players and validity and reliability of the system were determined. In addition, practical applications were discussed and the most important items of the notation system were determined and using only these items, a simplified notation system was proposed. The notation system has high ecological validity and can discriminate the high and low categorized players, but further development is necessary to increase the reliability of the system.

Ecological Validity and Reliability of an Age-Adapted Endurance Field Test in Young Male Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 3400-3405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Castagna ◽  
Peter Krustrup ◽  
Stefano DʼOttavio ◽  
Carlo Pollastro ◽  
Andrea Bernardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Validity And Reliability

scholarly journals How football team composition constrains emergent individual and collective tactical behaviours: Effects of player roles in creating different landscapes for shared affordances in small-sided and conditioned games

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110300
Author(s):  
Timo Laakso ◽  
Keith Davids ◽  
Pekka Luhtanen ◽  
Jarmo Liukkonen ◽  
Bruno Travassos
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Notational Analysis ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Football Team ◽  
Individual Actions ◽  
Analysis System

The aim of the present study was to examine how team composition of players with different roles constrains individual and collective tactical behaviours, and ball possession effectiveness, during competitive 3 vs 3 small-sided and conditioned games (SSCGs) in youth soccer players. Fifteen male players (under 15 yrs, mean age 13.2 ± 1.03 years, mean years of practice: 4.2 ± 1.10 years) from the same club participated in this study. For analysis purposes, on advice from the coaching staff, participants were categorised according to their main team performance role, resulting in sub-samples of 5 defenders (centre-backs = 2 and full- backs = 3), 7 midfielders (central midfielders = 3 and wide midfielders = 4) and 3 attackers (forwards). In order to assess participant tactical behaviours, a notational analysis system was created with four categories: i) team behaviours, ii) individual players’ offensive actions, iii) individual players’ defensive actions, and iv), ball possession effectiveness. Analysis of players’ offensive actions revealed that the team composed only of midfielders revealed a higher frequency of diagonal and vertical passes in relation to the attackers’ team. In offensive individual actions, the attackers’ team revealed more dribbles in relation to the teams of defenders and midfielders. Analysis of ball possession effectiveness revealed that the team of defenders achieved higher values of shots on goal compared to the team of midfielders. These findings exemplified how playing role constrains the emergence of different collective behaviours and individual actions in 3 vs 3 SSCGs.

A unified framework for automated person re-indentification

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 868-880
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hong-Quan ◽  
Nguyen Thuy-Binh ◽  
Tran Duc-Long ◽  
Le Thi-Lan
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Video Analysis ◽  
Camera Network ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Person Detection ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Bounding Boxes

Along with the strong development of camera networks, a video analysis system has been become more and more popular and has been applied in various practical applications. In this paper, we focus on person re-identification (person ReID) task that is a crucial step of video analysis systems. The purpose of person ReID is to associate multiple images of a given person when moving in a non-overlapping camera network. Many efforts have been made to person ReID. However, most of studies on person ReID only deal with well-alignment bounding boxes which are detected manually and considered as the perfect inputs for person ReID. In fact, when building a fully automated person ReID system the quality of the two previous steps that are person detection and tracking may have a strong effect on the person ReID performance. The contribution of this paper are two-folds. First, a unified framework for person ReID based on deep learning models is proposed. In this framework, the coupling of a deep neural network for person detection and a deep-learning-based tracking method is used. Besides, features extracted from an improved ResNet architecture are proposed for person representation to achieve a higher ReID accuracy. Second, our self-built dataset is introduced and employed for evaluation of all three steps in the fully automated person ReID framework.

Validity and reliability of a 6-a-side small-sided game as an indicator of match-related physical performance in elite youth Brazilian soccer players

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (23) ◽  
pp. 2639-2644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Aquino ◽  
Bruno Melli-Neto ◽  
João Victor S. Ferrari ◽  
Bruno L. S. Bedo ◽  
Luiz H. Palucci Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Validity And Reliability

scholarly journals Understanding Mental Health and Cognitive Restructuring With Ecological Neuroscience

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Crum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

Neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods have contributed much toward an understanding of the information processing systems of the human brain in the last few decades, but to what extent do cognitive neuroscientific findings represent and generalize to the inter- and intra-brain dynamics engaged in adapting to naturalistic situations? If it is not marked, and experimental designs lack ecological validity, then this stands to potentially impact the practical applications of a paradigm. In no other domain is this more important to acknowledge than in human clinical neuroimaging research, wherein reduced ecological validity could mean a loss in clinical utility. One way to improve the generalizability and representativeness of findings is to adopt a more “real-world” approach to the development and selection of experimental designs and neuroimaging techniques to investigate the clinically-relevant phenomena of interest. For example, some relatively recent developments to neuroimaging techniques such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) make it possible to create experimental designs using naturalistic tasks that would otherwise not be possible within the confines of a conventional laboratory. Mental health, cognitive interventions, and the present challenges to investigating the brain during treatment are discussed, as well as how the ecological use of fNIRS might be helpful in bridging the explanatory gaps to understanding the cultivation of mental health.

A Method for Extracting Signals with Specific Normalized Kurtosis Range

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 3845-3848
Author(s):  
Yong Jian Zhao ◽  
Mei Xia Qu ◽  
Hai Ning Jiang
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Signal Separation ◽  
Blind Signal Separation ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Blind Source Extraction ◽  
Blind Signal ◽  
Extraction Algorithm ◽  
Fastica Algorithm ◽  
Source Extraction

The famous FastICA algorithm has been widely used for blind signal separation. For every process, it only converges to an original source which has the maximum negentropy of the underlying signals. To ensure the first output is the desired signal, we incorporate a priori knowledge as a constraint into the FastICA algorithm to construct a robust blind source extraction algorithm. One can extract the desired signal if its normalized kurtosis is known to lie in a specific range, whereas other unwanted signals do not belong to this range. Experimental results on biomedical signals illustrate the validity and reliability of the proposed method.

Vision-Based Trajectory Generation for a Two-Link Robotic Arm Using Quadtree Decomposition and Curve Smoothing

2010 ◽  
Vol 108-111 ◽  
pp. 1439-1445
Author(s):  
Shahed Shojaeipour ◽  
Sallehuddin Mohamed Haris ◽  
Ehsan Eftekhari ◽  
Ali Shojaeipour ◽  
Ronak Daghigh
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Trajectory Generation ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Generation System ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Quadtree Decomposition ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Robot Trajectory ◽  
Curve Smoothing

In this article, the development of an autonomous robot trajectory generation system based on a single eye-in-hand webcam, where the workspace map is not known a priori, is described. The system makes use of image processing methods to identify locations of obstacles within the workspace and the Quadtree Decomposition algorithm to generate collision free paths. The shortest path is then automatically chosen as the path to be traversed by the robot end-effector. The method was implemented using MATLAB running on a PC and tested on a two-link SCARA robotic arm. The tests were successful and indicate that the method could be feasibly implemented on many practical applications.

New axiomatic approach to the concept of grey information

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafal Mierzwiak ◽  
Naiming Xie ◽  
Marcin Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Axiomatic Approach ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Grey Systems Theory ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
New Research ◽  
Fundamental Categories ◽  
Further Development

Purpose Considering current development of Grey Systems Theory (GST), we can come up with the following thesis: practical applications are a dominant subject of research. Thus, what seems to be symptomatic for relatively young knowledge disciplines, the authors observe the presence of imbalance between the development of GST application tools and theory’s epistemological and methodological background. As for GST, epistemological and methodological problems are becoming visible especially in the issues of determining a clear criterion of demarcation of this kind of a theory from others. In other words, this problem can be reduced to the issue of a precise determination of what the category of a grey system and grey information is. This problem is of great importance for further development and popularisation of GST in the world of science. Realising its significance, the purpose of this paper is to create a general overview of Grey Systems epistemology and afterwards create axiomatic and formal frames for a category of greyness. Design/methodology/approach In order to achieve set goals, two research approaches were accepted. In the area of inference about epistemology of GST an approach characteristic of an analytical philosophy was used, whereas in the case of axiomatic and formal frames for a category of greyness the authors referred to terms of a set theory and the principles of a pragmatic logic. Findings The result of research is to formulate a concept of a grey system and a concept of grey information in the context of a process of cognition. Moreover, a function of greyness and other fundamental categories of GST will be defined in an axiomatic way. Originality/value The paper presents a new consistent frame for the issues of methodological and epistemological backgrounds of GST. An original concept is to refer in considerations to a newly proposed grey space. This space was used for a formal justification of such elementary categories as grey numbers, a weight function of whitenization or grey sequences. The value of achievements shown in the paper is underlined by the fact that proposed theoretical constructions require further development and they can potentially open up new research trends in the GST.

Aptamers against viral proteins as a tool to answer biological questions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Carolina Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Lentiviral Vector ◽  
Rna Aptamers ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Intracellular Expression ◽  
The University ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Viral Surface

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] There are two experimental chapters in this dissertation in which the fundamental questions center around aptamers and viruses and how these two concepts interlace. The first experimental chapter (chapter two) seeks to utilize previously characterized aptamers against HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) that will be delivered by a lentiviral vector and which intracellular expression from different human promoters was evaluated. The goal of this study was to identify important elements of vector design that will impact transgene expression in target cells. This study was based on the hypothesis that intracellular expression of RNA aptamers delivered by a lentiviral vector could offer a platform to enable adequate aptamer expression that would translate into viral suppression. And the second experimental chapter (chapter four) describes an in vitro 2'FY-RNA selection against Filoviral glycoproteins and outlines three different strategies that were followed to achieve selection of specific aptamers. Aptamers described in this chapter were able to recognize Ebolavirus glycoprotein ectodomain as well as in its native conformation displayed on the viral surface. Taking the observations obtained in this dissertation, aptamer technology could be expanded into further development for practical applications.

Strength training in professional soccer: effects on short-sprint and jump performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Nuñez ◽  
Luis Suarez-Arrones ◽  
Moisés de Hoyo ◽  
Irineu Loturco
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Training Strategy ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Training Schemes

Several studies have confirmed the efficacy of strength training to maximize soccer player performance during competition. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effects of different strength training protocols on short-sprint and vertical jump performance of professional soccer players from the first division of their countries. The following inclusion criteria were employed for the analysis: (a) randomized studies; (b) high validity and reliability instruments; (c) studies published in a high-quality peer-reviewed journal; (d) studies involving professional soccer players from the first division; (e) studies with descriptions of strength training programs; and (f) studies where countermovement jump and 10-m sprint time were measured pre and post training. Overall, the different strength-oriented training schemes produced similar performance improvements, which seem not to depend on the training strategy. Strength training appears to have a lower effect when applied during in-season than when applied in pre-season periods in first division soccer players. In this meta-analysis it is not possible to confirm that strength training in isolation is capable of improving the short-sprint and jump performance of elite soccer players. The congested fixture schedule and, thus, the limited time to perform complementary (non-specific) training sessions, may contribute to these reduced effects.

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