scholarly journals Cytological-energy analysis of pleural effusions with predominance of neutrophils

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175346662093577
Author(s):  
Inka Matuchova ◽  
Petr Kelbich ◽  
Jan Kubalik ◽  
Eva Hanuljakova ◽  
Ivan Stanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Enzymes Activity ◽  
Chest Surgery ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background: The predominance of neutrophils in pleural effusions of patients with different serious impairments of the pleural cavity organs is often found. The aim of this study was to identify the type of injury using the cytological-energy analysis of pleural effusions. Methods: We analysed 635 samples of pleural effusions with predominance of neutrophils. We compared the values of the coefficient of energy balance (KEB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) catalytic activities in the following subgroups of patients: with transudative effusions, purulent pneumonia, chest empyema and after chest surgery with and without purulent complications. Statistical analysis was performed using the ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis test ( p < 0.05 was considered as significant). Results: We found the lowest KEB values in pleural effusions of patients with chest empyema and their gradual increases in patients with purulent pneumonia and with transudative effusions. We observed the highest LDH and AST enzymes activity in patients with chest empyema and their gradual decrease in patients with purulent pneumonia and with transudative effusions. LDH and AST enzymes activity was significantly higher in pleural effusions of patients after chest surgery with purulent complications compared with non-purulent cases. Conclusion: The most intensive inflammation and the most extensive tissue destruction in the pleural cavity were found in patients with chest empyema. Significantly better parameters were observed in patients with purulent pneumonia. The absence of serious inflammation and the absence of tissue destruction were typical for patients with transudative effusions. Finally, our results confirmed an anticipated higher tissue destruction in patients after chest surgery. Significantly worse injury was found in surgical patients with purulent complications compared with non-purulent ones. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

Cytological-energy analysis of pleural effusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kelbich ◽  
Vilém Malý ◽  
Inka Matuchová ◽  
Martin Čegan ◽  
Ivan Staněk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Chest Surgery ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Metabolic Investigation

Background Simultaneous cytological and metabolic investigation of the pleural effusion provides clinically relevant information about the type and intensity of immune response in the pleural cavity. Methods We investigated 1329 pleural effusions from patients with different pathological changes in the pleural cavity. Evaluated parameters were differential cell count of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, and values of the coefficient of energy balance. Results We found the lowest numbers of cells and the highest coefficient of energy balance values in patients with heart failure and sepsis; relatively high frequency of eosinophils and slightly decreased coefficient of energy balance values in patients with pneumothorax and haemothorax; the predominance of lymphocytes and low coefficient of energy balance values in patients with tuberculous pleuritis; the predominance of neutrophils and variable coefficient of energy balance values in patients after chest surgery; the highest presence of neutrophils and very low coefficient of energy balance values in patients with chest empyema and the predominance of lymphocytes and normal to low coefficient of energy balance values in patients with pleural malignancy. Conclusions Our findings in patients with heart failure and sepsis suggest the absence of inflammation in the pleural cavity. We observed the manifestation of tissue repair in patients with pneumothorax and haemothorax. Patients with tuberculous pleuritis were predominantly characterized by T cell-driven immune response and oxidative burst of macrophages. We found different intensities of immune responses to the chest surgery. The typical finding in patients with empyema was oxidative burst of neutrophils. In patients with pleural malignancy, weak cytotoxic inflammation predominates together with the intensive inflammation characterized by oxidative burst of macrophages.

Pleural tumours

2010 ◽  
pp. 3534-3539
Author(s):  
Robert J.O. Davies ◽  
Y.C. Gary Lee
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Case History ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Solitary Fibrous Tumour ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Old Chinese ◽  
Benign Tumours

Case History—A 54 yr old Asian man, and a 19 yr old Chinese man, both with pleural effusions. Case History—A 68 yr old man with a pleural effusion. Benign tumours are rare in the pleural cavity, with solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura, the most frequent of these rarities....

Heparan sulfate chains contribute to the anticoagulant milieu in malignant pleural effusion

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Hardak ◽  
Eli Peled ◽  
Yonatan Crispel ◽  
Shourouk Ghanem ◽  
Judith Attias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Tumour Cell ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Factor Xa ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Cell Proliferation Inhibition

BackgroundWhile malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a common and significant cause of morbidity in patients with cancer, current treatment options are limited. Human heparanase, involved in angiogenesis and metastasis, cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) side chains on the cell surface.AimsTo explore the coagulation milieu in MPE and infectious pleural effusion (IPE) focusing on the involvement of heparanase.MethodsSamples of 30 patients with MPE and 44 patients with IPE were evaluated in comparison to those of 33 patients with transudate pleural effusions, using heparanase ELISA, heparanase procoagulant activity assay, thrombin and factor Xa chromogenic assays and thromboelastography. A cell proliferation assay was performed. EMT-6 breast cancer cells were injected to the pleural cavity of mice. A peptide inhibiting heparanase activity was administered subcutaneously.ResultsLevels of heparanase, factor Xa and thrombin were significantly higher in exudate than transudate. Thromboelastography detected almost no thrombus formation in the whole blood, mainly on MPE addition. This effect was completely reversed by bacterial heparinase. Direct measurement revealed high levels of HS chains in pleural effusions. Higher proliferation was observed in tumour cell lines incubated with exudate than with transudate and it was reduced when bacterial heparinase was added. The tumour size in the pleural cavity of mice treated with the heparanase inhibitor were significantly smaller compared with control (p=0.005).ConclusionsHS chains released by heparanase form an anticoagulant milieu in MPE, preventing local thrombosis and enabling tumour cell proliferation. Inhibition of heparanase might provide a therapeutic option for patients with recurrent MPE.

scholarly journals Lesões Músculo-Esqueléticas em Remadores de Competição

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Bernardes ◽  
Alfredo Mendes-Castro ◽  
José Ramos ◽  
Ovídio Costa
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Injury Occurrence ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Occurrence Type ◽  
Location Type ◽  
Type Of Injury

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> The objective of this study was the assessment of the injuries occurred over the competitive rowing lifetime of Portuguese senior rowers.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> We sent a questionnaire to all Portuguese senior rowers medalled in the national championships during the 2013-2014 season. We analysed biometric variables, anatomic location, type and circumstances of injury occurrence, type of treatment provided and time of inactivity. For statistical analysis we used parametric and non-parametric statistics with 95% confidence levels (p &lt; 0.05).<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The questionnaire was answered by 18 of the 18 female and 74 of the 77 male rowers. Females had significantly lower ages, heights and weights and rowed more often sculling boats (p &lt; 0.05). The number of years of practice, as well as the number of injuries per rower was similar, for both females and males. The mean age at the first injury was significantly lower in females (p &lt; 0.001), who also had more progressive lesions than acute ones, although not significantly. In both, the most frequent anatomical location and type of injury were the lumbar region and muscular pathology, with a higher occurrence in winter and spring, during land training. Females<br />sustained longer periods of inactivity, but not significantly.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> The results that were different from those reported by other authors may be related with differences in the studied populations or with other factors that need to be clarified.<br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The injuries sustained by the Portuguese competitive rowers, probably associated with a lower competitive exposure of our athletes, were less severe than those generally reported in the literature.</p>

Epidemiology of Bacterial Keratitis in Lumbini Eye Institute

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Prachand Gautam ◽  
Polina Dahal ◽  
Sushila Patel ◽  
Sweta Singh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Keratitis ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumonia ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Culture Positive

 Background: Bacterial keratitis is a common sight threatening condition. Un­treated, it often leads to progressive tissue destruction with corneal perfora­tion or extension of infection to adjacent tissue. The aim of the study was to study the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial keratitis seen at Lumbini eye institute in western part of Nepal. Methods: A retrospective study was done from 1st November 2017 to 30th October 2018 in which records of all culture-positive bacterial keratitis over a 1 year period. Data regarding age of patient, occupation, type of injury, coex­isting ocular disease was recorded. Clinical evaluation corneal scrapings were collected and subjected to culture and microscopy using standard protocols in all patients. Results: Out of 800 corneal ulcer cases, 305(38.12%) were found to be of bac­terial aetiology. A total of 100(32.78%) bacterial pathogens were isolated of which predominant bacterial species Staphylococcus epidermidis 56(56%) fol­lowed by Staphylococcus aureus 21(21%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12(12%), Streptococcus viridans 5(5%), Nocardia 4(4%) and Streptococcus pneumonia 2(2%) were isolated. Patients with age >45 years were 71(71%) and < 45 years were 29(29%). Among these, (55)55% of patients were non-agricultural work­ers and (45)45% were farmers; this difference was statistically not significant (p>0.0001). Co-existing ocular diseases predisposing to corneal ulceration were identified only in 19(19%), compared to other predisposing risk factors in 81(81%). Conclusions: The epidemiological characteristic of bacterial keratitis varies geographically. This study describing the features of bacterial keratitis would greatly help the practicing ophthalmologist in the management of their pa­tients.

Congenital Chylothorax: A Case Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Gaede
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Respiratory Compromise ◽  
Congenital Chylothorax ◽  
Lymphatic Fluid

PLEURAL EFFUSIONS OCCUR WHEN a large amount of free fluid accumulates in the pleural space.1 A chylothorax is caused by chyle-containing lymphatic fluid draining into the pleural cavity.2 This is the most common type of pleural effusion observed during the neonatal period and is two times more likely to occur in males than in females. Though uncommon, pleural effusions may cause significant respiratory compromise, and 50 percent of infants with a chylothorax develop symptoms of respiratory distress within 24 hours of birth.3 The following case study summarizes the course of a 33-week-gestation neonate with bilateral congenital pleural effusions (chylothoraces). A review of the etiology, radiographic and laboratory diagnosis, and management of chylothorax follows the case study.

scholarly journals Significance of secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of benign asbestos pleural effusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Kishimoto ◽  
Yoko Kojima ◽  
Nobukazu Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Peptidase Inhibitor ◽  
Better Than

AbstractSecretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) is a biomarker present in the respiratory tract that protects against tissue destruction and aids in wound healing. We examined whether SLPI in pleural effusion can be used to distinguish benign asbestos pleural effusion (BAPE) from early-stage malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and other diseases. We measured the levels of SLPI, hyaluronic acid (HA), soluble mesothelin-related peptides (SMRP), CCL2, galectin-3, and CYFRA21-1 in 51 patients with BAPE, 37 patients with early-stage MPM, 77 patients with pleural effusions due to non-small-cell lung cancer (LCa), and 74 patients with other pleural effusions. SLPI levels in the pleural fluid of patients with BAPE were significantly lower than those in patients with MPM, LCa, and other pleural effusions (p < 0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) for SLPI’s ability to distinguish BAPE from MPM was 0.902, with a sensitivity of 82.4% and a specificity of 86.5%. This AUC was not only favourable but was better than the AUC for the ability of CYFRA21-1 to distinguish BAPE (0.853). The combination of SLPI and CYFRA21-1 achieved an AUC of 0.965 for the differentiation between BAPE and MPM. Pleural fluid SLPI as well as CYFRA21-1 and HA is useful as a biomarker to diagnose BAPE, which needs to be distinguished from early-stage MPM.

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