scholarly journals Systematic review and meta-analysis: the effects of fermented milk with Bifidobacterium lactis CNCM I-2494 and lactic acid bacteria on gastrointestinal discomfort in the general adult population

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqui Eales ◽  
Peter Gibson ◽  
Peter Whorwell ◽  
John Kellow ◽  
Ann Yellowlees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: It has been suggested that probiotics may improve gastrointestinal discomfort. Not all probiotics exhibit the same effects and consequently meta-analyses on probiotics should be confined to well-defined strains or strain combinations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a probiotic fermented milk (PFM) that includes Bifidobacterium lactis ( B. lactis) CNCM I-2494 and lactic acid bacteria on gastrointestinal discomfort in the general adult population. Methods: Double-blind randomized controlled trials in the general adult population comparing PFM with a control dairy product for at least 4 weeks were searched from multiple literature databases (up to February 2015). Meta-analyses using random-effects models, with individual participant data were undertaken to calculate an odds ratio (OR) or standard mean difference (SMD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The search strategy identified 12,439 documents. Overall, three trials with a total of 598 adults (female = 96.5%) met the inclusion criteria. Consumption of the PFM product was associated with a significant improvement in overall gastrointestinal discomfort compared with the control product (OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.07–2.05), with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 10.24 (95% CI 5.64–55.93). PFM was also superior to the control in reducing digestive symptoms, as measured using a composite score (SMD = −0.21; 95% CI −0.37 to −0.05). Sensitivity analyses produced similar results, and the heterogeneity between studies was minimal. Conclusions: This meta-analysis shows that the consumption of PFM with B. lactis CNCM I-2494 and lactic acid bacteria is associated with a modest but consistent and significant improvement of outcomes related to gastrointestinal discomfort in healthy adults.

scholarly journals Behavioural activation for depression in older people: systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 211 (5) ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Orgeta ◽  
Janina Brede ◽  
Gill Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Behavioural Activation ◽  
Multicomponent Intervention ◽  
Significant Bias ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundBehavioural activation is an effective treatment for depression in the general adult population but it is unclear whether it is effective for older people.AimsTo systematically review randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of behavioural activation for depression in older people.MethodWe searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and online trial registers for RCTs of behavioural activation for depression in older people.ResultsEighteen trials were included in the meta-analyses. Behavioural activation reduced mean depression scores for older people living in the community as a stand-alone treatment: standardised mean difference (SMD) −0.72, 95% Cl −1.04 to −0.41. It was also effective as part of a multicomponent intervention (SMD −0.44, 95% CI −0.56 to −0.32).ConclusionsBehavioural activation significantly reduces depressive symptoms in older people in the community; however, given that most studies are small and with significant bias results should be interpreted with caution. Further high-quality trials of behavioural activation for this age group are needed.

scholarly journals Effects of ultrasound on the fermentation profile of fermented milk products incorporated with lactic acid bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.N.L. Abesinghe ◽  
N. Islam ◽  
J.K. Vidanarachchi ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
K.F.S.T. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Fermented Milk Products

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and safety of oral or transdermal opioids in the treatment of knee or hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e022142
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Ming Lu ◽  
Weilu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Transdermal Opioids ◽  
And Function

IntroductionOsteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease that eventually leads to disability and poor quality of life. The main symptoms are joint pain and mobility disorders. If the patient has severe pain or other analgesics are contraindicated, opioids may be a viable treatment option. To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of opioids in the treatment of knee or hip osteoarthritis, we will integrate direct and indirect evidence using a Bayesian network meta-analysis to establish hierarchies of these drugs.Methods and analysisWe will search the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases as well as published and unpublished research in international registries and regulatory agency websites for osteoarthritis reports published prior to 5 January 2018. There will be no restrictions on the language. Randomised clinical trials that compare oral or transdermal opioids with other various opioids, placebo or no treatment for patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis will be included. The primary outcomes of efficacy will be pain and function. We will use pain and function scales to evaluate the main outcomes. The secondary outcomes of safety will be defined as the proportion of patients who have stopped treatment due to side effects. Pairwise meta-analyses and Bayesian network meta-analyses will be performed for all related outcome measures. We will conduct subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of our findings. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework will be used to assess the quality of the evidence contributing to each network assessment.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not require formal ethical approval because individual patient data will not be included. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications or conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018085503.

scholarly journals Leishmanicidal effects of resveratrol and its derivatives: a systematic review and meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Amiri Dashatan ◽  
Marzieh Ashrafmansouri ◽  
Mehdi Koushki ◽  
Nayebali Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Leishmaniasis is one of the most important health problems worldwide. The evidence has suggested that resveratrol and its derivatives have anti-leishmanial effects; however, the results are inconsistent and inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of resveratrol and its derivatives on the Leishmania viability through a systematic review and meta-analysis of available relevant studies. Methods The electronic databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus were queried between October 2000 and April 2020 using a comprehensive search strategy. The eligible articles selected and data extraction conducted by two reviewers. Mean differences of IC50 (concentration leading to reduction of 50% of Leishmania) for each outcome was calculated using random-effects models. Sensitivity analyses and prespecified subgroup were conducted to evaluate potential heterogeneity and the stability of the pooled results. Publication bias was evaluated using the Egger’s and Begg’s tests. We also followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for this review. Results Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. We observed that RSV and its derivatives had significant reducing effects on Leishmania viability in promastigote [24.02 µg/ml; (95% CI 17.1, 30.8); P < 0.05; I2 = 99.8%; P heterogeneity = 0.00] and amastigote [18.3 µg/ml; (95% CI 13.5, 23.2); P < 0.05; I2 = 99.6%; P heterogeneity = 0.00] stages of Leishmania. A significant publication bias was observed in the meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses showed a similar effect size while reducing the heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled effects of leishmanicidal of resveratrol and its derivatives were affected by type of stilbenes and Leishmania species. Conclusions Our findings clearly suggest that the strategies for the treatment of leishmaniasis should be focused on natural products such as RSV and its derivatives. Further study is needed to identify the mechanisms mediating this protective effects of RSV and its derivatives in leishmaniasis.

Screening for antimicrobial and proteolytic activities of lactic acid bacteria isolated from cow, buffalo and goat milk and cheeses marketed in the southeast region of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio L Tulini ◽  
Nolwenn Hymery ◽  
Thomas Haertlé ◽  
Gwenaelle Le Blay ◽  
Elaine C P De Martinis
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Sds Page

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can be isolated from different sources such as milk and cheese, and the lipolytic, proteolytic and glycolytic enzymes of LAB are important in cheese preservation and in flavour production. Moreover, LAB produce several antimicrobial compounds which make these bacteria interesting for food biopreservation. These characteristics stimulate the search of new strains with technological potential. From 156 milk and cheese samples from cow, buffalo and goat, 815 isolates were obtained on selective agars for LAB. Pure cultures were evaluated for antimicrobial activities by agar antagonism tests and for proteolytic activity on milk proteins by cultivation on agar plates. The most proteolytic isolates were also tested by cultivation in skim milk followed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis of the fermented milk. Among the 815 tested isolates, three of them identified asStreptococcus uberis(strains FT86, FT126 and FT190) were bacteriocin producers, whereas four other ones identified asWeissella confusaFT424,W. hellenicaFT476,Leuconostoc citreumFT671 andLactobacillus plantarumFT723 showed high antifungal activity in preliminary assays. Complementary analyses showed that the most antifungal strain wasL. plantarumFT723 that inhibitedPenicillium expansumin modified MRS agar (De Man, Rogosa, Sharpe, without acetate) and fermented milk model, however no inhibition was observed againstYarrowia lipolytica. The proteolytic capacities of three highly proteolytic isolates identified asEnterococcus faecalis(strains FT132 and FT522) andLactobacillus paracaseiFT700 were confirmed by SDS–PAGE, as visualized by the digestion of caseins and whey proteins (β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin). These results suggest potential applications of these isolates or their activities (proteolytic activity or production of antimicrobials) in dairy foods production.

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