scholarly journals Imaging of Groin Pain: Magnetic Resonance and Ultrasound Imaging Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Lee ◽  
Yoshimi Endo ◽  
Hollis G. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Pubic Bone ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Athletic Pubalgia ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Context: Evaluation of groin pain in athletes may be challenging as pain is typically poorly localized and the pubic symphyseal region comprises closely approximated tendons and muscles. As such, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) may help determine the etiology of groin pain. Evidence Acquisition: A PubMed search was performed using the following search terms: ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, sports hernia, athletic pubalgia, and groin pain. Date restrictions were not placed on the literature search. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: MRI is sensitive in diagnosing pathology in groin pain. Not only can MRI be used to image rectus abdominis/adductor longus aponeurosis and pubic bone pathology, but it can also evaluate other pathology within the hip and pelvis. MRI is especially helpful when groin pain is poorly localized. Real-time capability makes ultrasound useful in evaluating the pubic symphyseal region, as it can be used for evaluation and treatment. Conclusion: MRI and US are valuable in diagnosing pathology in athletes with groin pain, with the added utility of treatment using US-guided intervention. Strength-of Recommendation Taxonomy: C

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging of the cirrhotic liver: diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluation of response to treatment – Part 2

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ramalho ◽  
António P. Matos ◽  
Mamdoh AlObaidy ◽  
Fernanda Velloni ◽  
Ersan Altun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Locoregional Therapy ◽  
Liver Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract In the second part of this review, we will describe the ancillary imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that can be seen on standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, and on novel and emerging protocols such as diffusion weighted imaging and utilization of hepatocyte-specific/hepatobiliary contrast agent. We will also describe the morphologic sub-types of HCC, and give a simplified non-invasive diagnostic algorithm for HCC, followed by a brief description of the liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS), and MRI assessment of tumor response following locoregional therapy.

scholarly journals Radiologist Identification of Occult Dorsal Wrist Ganglion Cysts on MRI

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
Gregory Versteeg ◽  
Kanu Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiology Report ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Ganglion Cysts ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Dorsal Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Wrist Ganglion

Background Occult dorsal ganglion cysts (ODGC) require imaging or an operation for detection. It is currently unknown how often a radiologist identifies an ODGC on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whether surgeon indication for MRI aids the radiologist in detection. Questions/Purposes The aim of the study was to investigate the following questions: how accurately do radiologists identify ODGC on MRIs? What factors may be associated with missed ODGCs? Patients and Methods We retrospectively studied patients who underwent an operation for an ODGC and had a preoperative wrist MRI. Radiology report and surgeon's notes were evaluated to determine whether identification of the ODGC was noted and whether the surgeon indicated that the MRI was to evaluate for an ODGC. MRIs were reviewed, dimensions of cysts measured and volume of cyst calculated. Results Twenty-four patients and 25 MRIs were analyzed. The radiologist identified the ODGC in 19 cases (76%). Fifteen of the 25 MRIs (60%) ordered had ODGC listed in the requisition comment by the ordering surgeon. Thirteen of these 15 (87%) ODGCs were seen by the radiologist. Ten of the 25 MRIs (40%) ordered did not mention ODGC in the requisition. Six of these 10 (60%) ODGCs were seen by the radiologist. The volume of the ODGCs missed by radiologists was smaller (mean, 0.049 cm3) than those the radiologists identified (mean, 0.31 cm3; p = 0.004). Conclusions Radiologists will not always identify the ODGC on an MRI, but they were more likely to if the surgeon was concerned for one. Hand surgeons should report suspicion of an ODGC on MRI requisition and review all imaging independently. Level of Evidence This is a Level III, prognostic study.

Musculotendinous Disorders of the Abdomen and Pelvis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 403-414
Author(s):  
William Palmer ◽  
Miriam Bredella ◽  
Arvin Kheterpal
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Groin Pain ◽  
Iliotibial Band ◽  
Normal Anatomy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Injury Mechanisms ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Work Up

AbstractMusculotendinous disorders of the abdomen and pelvis are common causes of pain in both athletes and nonathletes. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice in the work-up of these patients. This article focuses on the MRI appearance of normal anatomy and spectrum of musculotendinous disorders in the abdomen and pelvis including muscle strains and tears, avulsions and apophysitis, muscular contusions, athletic groin pain, and gluteal aponeurotic/proximal iliotibial band injuries. Normal biomechanics and injury mechanisms are discussed.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE LUMBAR SAFETY TRIANGLE THROUGH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-279
Author(s):  
Fernando Augusto Dannebrock ◽  
Erasmo de Abreu Zardo ◽  
Marcus Sofia Ziegler ◽  
Carlos Marcelo Donazar Severo ◽  
Joel Abramczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglion ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Safety Zone ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lower Vertebra

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the lumbar triangular safety zone, its boundaries and its relationship with the dorsal root ganglion through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Methods: The boundaries, shape and dimensions of 303 triangular safety zones were analyzed in Tesla 3.0 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) coronal sections from L2 to L5, including the dorsal root ganglion. Results: The sample consisted of 101 patients with a mean age of 32 years. The height of the triangular safety zone was formed by the lateral edge of the dura mater, the width by the upper plateau of the lower vertebra and the hypotenuse by the corresponding nerve root. The mean dimensions and the area varied according to the level studied. The dorsal root ganglion invaded the dimensions of the triangle in all the images studied. Conclusion: Based on the data and the analyses performed, we concluded that knowledge of the boundaries of the triangular safety zone through MRI increases the safety of minimally invasive procedures in the lumbar spine. Level of evidence I; Diagnostic studies – Investigation of a diagnostic test.

Acute Cerebellitis or Postinfectious Cerebellar Ataxia? Clinical and Imaging Features in Acute Cerebellitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
Mirac Yildirim ◽  
Rahsan Gocmen ◽  
Bahadir Konuskan ◽  
Safak Parlak ◽  
Dilek Yalnizoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Cerebellar Atrophy ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Cerebellitis ◽  
Hyperintense Signal ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Acute cerebellitis is a rare condition often considered within the group of acute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia despite its distinctive clinical and imaging features. We retrieved clinical, laboratory, and follow-up data of 15 children diagnosed with acute cerebellitis in our department between 2011 and 2019. There were 10 boys and 5 girls aged 3-15 years, median 9.5 years. The most common first symptoms were ataxia, vomiting, and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) generally showed bilateral symmetrical T2 hyperintense changes with moderate swelling in the cerebellar cortex. Tonsillar herniation was present in 73.3% and obstructive hydrocephalus in 26.6%. Etiologic workup for infectious pathogens revealed Mycoplasma pneumoniae, influenza A virus, cytomegalovirus, and varicella zoster virus in 1 case each. Fourteen of 15 patients were treated with intravenous and/or oral steroids and 8 cases with intravenous immunoglobulin. No patient required surgical decompression. Neurologic examination median 12 months later revealed ataxia and dysmetria in 4 cases (27%), accompanied by memory difficulties, dysarthria or tremor. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; n = 12) showed diffuse cerebellar cortical T2-hyperintense signal changes in 11 cases and cerebellar atrophy in 9. The diagnosis of acute cerebellitis rather than acute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia should be considered when headache and vomiting accompany ataxia in a child. Acute cerebellitis heals with sequelae in about one-third of cases. The absence of fatalities in our series suggests early diagnosis, and steroid treatment can increase the chance of recovery. MRI results were not found to be predictive of outcome.

Imaging of CNS Fungal Infections: Review Article

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 872-885
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Fungal infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are usually identified in immunocompromised patients but rare in immunocompetent hosts. The clinical and imaging manifestations are mainly influenced by types of fungal pathogen and immune status of the patients. The CNS fungal infections can develop through hematogenous dissemination from primary site of infection, cerebrospinal fluid seeding, or direct extension from adjacent sources of infection. Fungal infections can result in meningitis, meningoencephalitis, cerebritis, granuloma, or abscess formation, which imaging findings are often non-specific and difficult to distinguish from bacterial or tuberculous infection, non-infectious inflammatory disease, or even intracranial neoplasm. Vascular complications including vasculitis, cerebral infarction, or mycotic aneurysm are commonly present due to angioinvasion of fungal hyphae. In addition, some characteristic imaging features of fungal infections can be identified by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), such as intracavitary projections in fungal abscesses and gelatinous pseudocysts in cryptococcosis that could help suggest the diagnosis. Recognizing the imaging findings of common intracranial fungal infections combined with appropriate clinical setting is crucial for allowing early diagnosis and leading to early specific treatment. The present article reviewed common imaging findings of CNS fungal infections and distinct imaging features of specific pathogens. Keywords: Fungal infection, Brain abscess, Cryptococcosis, Central nervous system (CNS), Computed tomography (CT), Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Does collagenase injection disrupt or digest the Dupuytren’s cord: a magnetic resonance imaging study

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 614-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Crivello ◽  
H. G. Potter ◽  
E. S. Moon ◽  
S. K. Rancy ◽  
Scott W. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Collagenase Injection ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Full Correction ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Collagenase clostridium histolyticum has been extensively studied as a treatment modality for Dupuytren’s contracture. Its mechanism of action has been documented. It is unknown whether injected collagenase weakens the Dupuytren’s cord sufficiently to cause failure during manipulation or if there is digestion and reduction in cord volume. We examined five patients with isolated contractures of the ring or middle metacarpalphalangeal (MP) joint using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to injection with collagenase and again 1 month following injection. All patients had full correction after manipulation which was maintained at follow-up. The Dupuytren’s cord was evaluated with respect to volume, signal intensity, inflammatory changes and continuity. Additionally, signal intensity changes of the flexor tendons and neurovascular structures were recorded. MRI demonstrated cord discontinuity, significant reduction of cord volume and a significant increase in cord signal intensity after treatment with collagenase. There was a slight increase in flexor tendon signal intensity that was not significant. These findings suggest that there may be local chemical dissolution of the cord. Future studies may establish whether or not this will have prognostic implications in terms of correction and recurrence following collagenase injection. Level of evidence: IV

scholarly journals Extrahepatic Alveolar Echinococcus on Multi-slice Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Hui ◽  
Wenya Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Yan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Background. Alveolar echinococcus (AE) is a severe health problem in endemic areas. In recent years, the incidence of this disease in China has been increasing. The study was designed to illustrate the multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of extrahepatic AE.Methods. A cohort of 33 patients who suffered from extrahepatic AE was enrolled consecutively from January 2012 to December 2017. The MSCT and MRI features of extrahepatic AE were recorded and analyzed by experienced radiologists. The MSCT and MRI agreements for detecting imaging features of extrahepatic AE were calculated using kappa statistics.Results. All cases secondary to hepatic AE, except two primary extrahepatic AE, were found in this study. Locations of extrahepatic AE included 19 (57.6%) lung, 10 (30.3%) adrenal gland, 9 (27.3%) brain, 5 (15.2%) peritoneal cavity, 5 (15.2%) spleen, 4 (12.1%) diaphragm, 3 (9.1%) kidney, 3 (9.1%) retroperitoneal, and 2 (6.1%) vertebra; Involvement of 1 (3.0%) heart, 1 (3.0%) mediastinum, 1 (3.0%) muscle, and 1 (3.0%) pancreas was rare. AE of the lung usually appeared as irregular and scattered nodules with small vacuoles or cavities inside and peripheral distribution. Multiple cerebral nodules with calcification and surrounding edema were the most common features seen in brain AE. Adrenal gland AE presented as plaques containing different sizes of hypodense areas and different amounts of calcification. Injection of contrast medium showed no enhancement of lesions except in the brain. Very good agreements were seen between MSCT and MR for detecting number (κ=0.841, p=0.000), border (κ=0.911, p=0.000) and size (κ=0.864, p=0.000) of extrahepatic AE.Conclusions. MSCT and MRI are reliable imaging methods for the diagnosis of extrahepatic AE. When one AE patient is clinically confirmed, MSCT scan from the head to pelvis should be performed to exclude other organs AE.

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