Annexin A1 Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Correlates with Squamous Differentiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Rodrigo ◽  
Juana Maria Garcia-Pedrero ◽  
M. Pilar Fernandez ◽  
Reginald O. Morgan ◽  
Carlos Suárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Annexin A1 ◽  
Positive Signal ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Strong Positive Signal ◽  
Differentiation Status ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Mucosa

Background Alterations of annexin A1 (ANXA1) expression have been reported in various cancers. However, no data are available about the expression of this protein in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs). The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of ANXA1 in these tumors. Methods We examined noncancerous nasopharyngeal mucosa (4 cases) and NPC (20 cases) for ANXA1 expression using immunohistochemistry. Results All tumor tissues showed markedly reduced ANXA1 expression compared with a strong positive signal observed in the corresponding normal epithelia. We found that ANXA1 expression is associated with the histological type in NPC. Only squamous cell carcinomas presented a positive ANXA1 signal in differentiated areas whereas all poorly differentiated tumors exhibited negative staining. Conclusion Our data show for the first time that ANXA1 expression is down-regulated in NPC and that its expression seems to be related with the squamous differentiation status of these tumors.

scholarly journals Challenging Diagnosis in NUT Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692110195
Author(s):  
Grosse Claudia ◽  
Grosse Alexandra
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Hematological Malignancy ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Nut Carcinoma ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinoma represents a highly aggressive, poorly differentiated carcinoma that is genetically defined by rearrangement of NUT gene. The histomorphological appearance ranges from entirely undifferentiated carcinoma to carcinoma with prominent squamous differentiation. NUT carcinoma can display neuroendocrine features. Although it is typically distributed along the midline axis, it may manifest in nonmidline locations. The majority of patients develop rapidly disseminated disease. We illustrate 2 cases of NUT carcinoma, one located in the lung, which closely resembled a neuroendocrine carcinoma, and the other one with assumed lung origin demonstrating metastatic dissemination with diffuse bone involvement, which was clinically first suspected to be a hematological malignancy. Due to its undifferentiated nature, NUT carcinoma may be confused with many entities. NUT immunohistochemistry is considered to be sufficient for the diagnosis. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis and next-generation sequencing are currently used to confirm the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3 Mediates Chemotherapy Resistance in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma via ROS Detoxification

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2403
Author(s):  
Chenghui Zhou ◽  
Zhefang Wang ◽  
Jiahui Li ◽  
Xiaolin Wu ◽  
Ningbo Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eac Cells

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and limits promising treatments. AKR1C3 represents a therapeutic target to combat the resistance in many cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of AKR1C3 in the chemotherapy resistance of EAC is still unclear. We found that the mRNA level of AKR1C3 was higher in EAC tumor tissues, and that high AKR1C3 expression might be associated with poor overall survival of EAC patients. AKR1C3 overexpression decreased cell death induced by chemotherapeutics, while knockdown of AKR1C3 attenuated the effect. Furthermore, we found AKR1C3 was inversely correlated with ROS production. Antioxidant NAC rescued chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in AKR1C3 knockdown cells, while the GSH biosynthesis inhibitor BSO reversed a protective effect of AKR1C3 against chemotherapy. AKT phosphorylation was regulated by AKR1C3 and might be responsible for eliminating over-produced ROS in EAC cells. Intracellular GSH levels were modulated by AKR1C3 and the inhibition of AKT could reduce GSH level in EAC cells. Here, we reported for the first time that AKR1C3 renders chemotherapy resistance through controlling ROS levels via AKT signaling in EAC cells. Targeting AKR1C3 may represent a novel strategy to sensitize EAC cells to conventional chemotherapy.

CDX2 Is a Useful Marker of Intestinal-Type Differentiation: A Tissue Microarray–Based Study of 629 Tumors From Various Sites

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 1100-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey B. De Lott ◽  
Carl Morrison ◽  
Saul Suster ◽  
David E. Cohn ◽  
Wendy L. Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Signet Ring Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Intestinal Type ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinomas ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinomas ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Abstract Context.—CDX2, a critical nuclear transcription factor for intestinal development, is expressed in intestinal epithelium and adenocarcinomas. Objectives.—To determine if CDX2 is a useful marker for intestinal-type differentiation and to correlate tumor histology with CDX2 staining in colorectal adenocarcinomas. Design.—Tissue microarrays from 71 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 31 hepatocellular carcinomas, 47 lung adenocarcinomas, 55 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, 69 neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung and 43 of the pancreas, 57 pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and 256 endometrial adenocarcinomas were stained with antibody against CDX2. Results.—CDX2 staining was positive in 51 (71.8%) of 71 colorectal cancers, including 38 (74.5%) of 51 well- or moderately differentiated tumors and 13 (65.0%) of 20 high-grade tumors. Of the high-grade tumors, 5 (71.4%) of 7 mucinous, 3 (100%) of 3 signet ring cell, and 5 (50.0%) of 10 poorly differentiated tumors were positive. Other tumors showing occasional CDX2 staining included 1 of 30 well- or moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung and 2 of 43 from the pancreas, 1 of 47 lung adenocarcinomas, 3 of 57 pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and 15 of 256 endometrial carcinomas. Hepatocellular, poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung and squamous cell carcinomas of the lung were not immunoreactive for CDX2. Conclusions.—CDX2 is a useful marker for intestinal-type differentiation, is rarely seen in tumors from the other sites evaluated, and may be useful in determining the site of origin for some metastatic tumors. However, CDX2 is not a sensitive marker for poorly differentiated colorectal carcinoma.

scholarly journals Solar Cycle Signals in the Pacific and the Issue of Timings

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1446-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrani Roy ◽  
Joanna D. Haigh
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Aleutian Low ◽  
Positive Signal ◽  
Tropical Eastern Pacific ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Strong Positive Signal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Tropical Pacific

Abstract The solar cycle signal in sea level pressure during 1856–2007 is analyzed. Using composites of data from January–February in solar cycle peak years the strong positive signal in the region of the Aleutian low, found by previous authors, is confirmed. It is found, however, that signals in other regions of the globe, particularly in the South Pacific, are very sensitive to the choice of reference climatology. Also investigated is the relationship between solar activity and sea surface temperatures in the tropical eastern Pacific. A marked overall association of higher solar activity with colder temperatures in the tropical Pacific that is not restricted to years of peak sunspot number is noted. The ENSO-like variation following peak years that has been suggested by other authors is not found as a consistent signal. Both the SLP and SST signals vary coherently with the solar cycle and neither evolves on an ENSO-like time scale. The solar signals are weaker during the period spanning approximately 1956–97, which may be due to masking by a stronger innate ENSO variability at that time.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal High-Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in an Adolescent: Case Report and Review of Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117955651987052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sinno ◽  
Adel M Assaad ◽  
Nina Salem Shabb
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Squamous Differentiation ◽  
Tonsillar Carcinoma

Oropharyngeal small cell carcinomas (OPSmCC) are rare with only few case reports and case series published in the literature. More recently, an association of these tumors with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been detected. However, unlike oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas which have a better outcome when associated with HPV, OPSmCC exhibit an aggressive behavior. In this article, we report a case of tonsillar carcinoma arising in a 14-year-old boy that was associated with HPV infection. The tumor exhibited morphologic features of small cell carcinoma with no overt squamous differentiation. Yet, by immunohistochemistry, it showed diffuse and strong co-expression of both squamous and neuroendocrine markers. In addition, we present the clinicopathologic features of all the cases of OPSmCC reported in the literature for which p16 and/or HPV testing have been done.

scholarly journals CCL14 serves as a novel prognostic factor and tumor suppressor of HCC by modulating cell cycle and promoting apoptosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxuan Zhu ◽  
Weiyue Xu ◽  
Chuanyuan Wei ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Jietian Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Xenograft Tumor ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Cc Chemokines ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
First Time ◽  
Growth Of Tumor

Abstract CCL14 is a member of CC chemokines and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. In this study, CCL14 expression were analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA) including 171 paired tumor and peritumor tissues of patients from Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. We found for the first time that CCL14 was downregulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with peritumor tissues (P = 0.01). Meanwhile, CCL14 low expression in HCC tumor tissues is associated with a poor prognosis (P = 0.035). CCL14 also displayed its predictive value in high differentiation (P = 0.026), liver cirrhosis (P = 0.003), and no tumor capsule (P = 0.024) subgroups. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated in HCC cell lines by CCL14 overexpression and knock-down in vitro. We found overexpression of CCL14 suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells. Finally, the effect was confirmed by animal xenograft tumor models in vivo. The results shown overexpression of CCL14 lead to inhibiting the growth of tumor in nude mice. Interestingly, our data also implied that CCL14 played these effects by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings suggest CCL14 is a novel prognostic factor of HCC and serve as a tumor suppressor.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-24 Modulates Aflatoxin B1-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Tumorigenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Xiao Liu ◽  
Xi-Dai Long ◽  
Zhi-Feng Xi ◽  
Yun Ma ◽  
Xiao-Ying Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Noncancerous Tissue ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
First Time

MicroRNA-24 (miR-24) may be involved in neoplastic process; however, the role of this microRNA in the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has not been well elaborated. Here, we tested miR-24 expression in 207 pathology-diagnosed HCC cases from high AFB1 exposure areas and HCC cells. We found that miR-24 was upregulated in HCC tumor tissues relative to adjacent noncancerous tissue samples, and that the high expression of miR-24 was significantly correlated with larger tumor size, higher microvessel density, and tumor dedifferentiation. Additionally, this microRNA overexpression modified the recurrence-free survival (relative hazard ratio [HR], 4.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.66–8.47) and overall survival (HR=3.58, 95% CI = 2.34–5.46) of HCC patients. Furthermore, we observed some evidence of joint effects between miR-24 and AFB1 exposure on HCC prognosis. Functionally, miR-24 overexpression progressed tumor cells proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, and developed the formation of AFB1-DNA adducts. These results indicate for the first time that miR-24 may modify AFB1-related HCC prognosis and tumorigenesis.

Head-to-Head Comparison of p63 and p40 in Non-Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Tubal Gut

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 835-843
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Bakhshwin ◽  
Ilyssa O. Gordon ◽  
Kathryn Bock Brown ◽  
Xiuli Liu ◽  
Daniela S. Allende
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Positive Score ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Objectives. With targeted agents, characterizing carcinomas of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has become more important. We aim to determine the usefulness of p40 in classifying GI tract carcinomas. Methods. Seventy-five GI carcinomas including 28 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 2 adenosquamous carcinomas (ASCA), 21 poorly differentiated carcinomas (PDCA), and 24 adenocarcinomas (AdCA; control group) were stained for p40, p63, and CK5/6. Tumors were scored from 0 to 5 based on extent of staining and marked as positive (score >2) or negative. Results. p63 was positive in 100% of SCC/ASCA and 12.5% of AdCA. p40 was positive in 92.5% of SCC/ASCA and 4.1% of AdCA. In the PDCA subset, a panel including p63, p40, and MOC31 was the best way to accurately classify most cases. Conclusions. p63 and CK5/6 are more sensitive but less specific than p40 for SCC/ASCA in GI carcinomas. In PDCA, a panel approach including p63, CK5/6, and p40 may be best in classifying these cases.

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