scholarly journals A Community-Based Study on the Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney J. Schlosser ◽  
Vincent M. Desiato ◽  
Kristina A. Storck ◽  
Shaun A. Nguyen ◽  
Jonathan B. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tdi Score

Background Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common, affecting an estimated 13 million adults in the United States. Prior studies may underestimate OD prevalence due to use of brief smell identification tests or age-adjusted cutoff values, which concede that it is acceptable for older people to have a decreased sense of smell. Objective To determine OD prevalence in the healthy community when the goal and expectation is ideal olfactory function, rather than age-based population norms. Secondary goals were to explore factors associated with OD. Methods Subjects without otolaryngic complaints were recruited from the community surrounding the Medical University of South Carolina. Olfactory-specific information was collected, and olfactory function was assessed using the Sniffin’ Sticks test (Burghardt, Wedel, Germany) to measure threshold, discrimination, and identification (TDI). OD was defined as a TDI score < 31. Bivariate analysis and linear regression were used to determine factors associated with OD. Results In total, 176 subjects were included with mean age of 52 years (range: 20–93), 111 (63%) female, and 127 (72%) white. Mean TDI score was 28.8 (6.9) and OD was present in 94 (53%) subjects. Multivariate linear regression revealed that TDI decreased an average of 1 point every 5 years. TDI was also associated with Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score, asthma, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Threshold was associated with age, heart problems, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Discrimination was associated with age and MMSE scores. Identification was associated with age, heart problems, and anxiety. Conclusions In a community-based sample, OD affects greater than 50% of subjects. Aging impacts all aspects of olfaction, while the effects of factors such as asthma, MMSE scores, gastroesophageal reflux disease, heart problems, and anxiety may only be evident in specific olfactory subtests.

Prevalence and factors associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease in southern India: A community-based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipta Dhar Chowdhury ◽  
Gemlyn George ◽  
Kartik Ramakrishna ◽  
Balamurugan Ramadass ◽  
Srinivasan Pugazhendhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Factors Associated

Lifestyle factors associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Japanese population

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Matsuki ◽  
Tsuyoshi Fujita ◽  
Naoya Watanabe ◽  
Atsushi Sugahara ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Role of endoscopy in gastroesophageal reflux disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Tarun Rai ◽  
Prashanth Vennalaganti ◽  
Prateek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Western World ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
American Society

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux disease is a condition due to reflux of stomach content in the esophagus causing trouble symptoms or complications or both. GERD is a clinical diagnosis and typically presents with a heartburn and/or regurgitation and a positive response to antacid secretory medications. GERD is the leading outpatient diagnosis among all gastrointestinal disorders in the United States. Approximately 40% of population report occasional symptoms of GERD whereas 10-20% of patients will have symptoms at least once in a week. Recent guidelines from gastrointestinal societies such as American College of Gastroenterology, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and American College of Physicians have laid out specific indications regarding role of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in GERD. Despite these recommendations, studies have revealed that one-fifth to two-fifth EGDs may not be clinically indicated, especially where open access endoscopy referral system is used. Traditionally, GERD has been thought to be a disease of the western world. Prevalence rates had been estimated to be lower in Asia when compared to that of the Western Countries. Few recent epidemiological studies in India showed the prevalence of reflux disease in India to be between 8-24%, which is comparable to the western world. The use of EGDs becomes more critical for developing countries such as India where prevalence of GERD and BE is comparable to the western countries but have limited resources. In addition to direct cost for an EGD, it burdens economy with indirect costs such as time off from the work, transportation and any procedural complications. Risk stratifying patients with GERD may therefore prevent unnecessary procedures, harms and costs. The aim of this paper is to review the existing evidence on the role of endoscopy in GERD.

Obesity and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Meta-Analysis Study in Asia and America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfiani Vivi Sutanto ◽  
◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder with a prevalence of 20% in the United States and less than 5% in Asia. Untreated, GERD can result in a symptomatic burden to the patient, poor health-related quality of life, complications, such as esophageal stricture, Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma, and a high direct and indirect cost to the healthcare system. Various pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified to explain the relationship between obesity and GERD, including a high prevalence of hiatal hernia and increased gastroesophageal pressure gradient. This study aimed to examine the association between obesity and GERD in Asia and America. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, BMC Journals, Science Direct, Mendeley, and clinical key databases. Keywords used “Obesity” OR “HMI” AND “Gastroesophageal reflux disease” OR “GERD” AND “Effect obesity for GERD” AND “aOR”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was adults who experienced GERD. Intervention was obesity. The study outcome was gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The articles were selected using PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Revman 5.3. Results: 5 studies were analyzed and reviewed for this study. Current study reported that obesity increased the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI=1.42 to 2.92; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Obesity increases the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Keywords: obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease Correspondence: Alfiani Vivi Sutanto. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085799253568. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.50

scholarly journals Relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and Ph nose and salivary: proposal of a simple method outpatient in patients adults

Open Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Armone Caruso ◽  
Salvatore Del Prete ◽  
Lydia Ferrara ◽  
Raffaele Serra ◽  
Donato Alessandro Telesca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Health Care Clinics ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

AbstractIntroductionThe frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing, in part through easy inspection of the upper digestive tract, but especially for a real spread of the disease as a consequence of modernity, lifestyle, incorrect dietary rules, and stress arising from social norms. It is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder in Europe and the United States.Materials and methodsThe aim of our study is to highlight a relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and salivary pH as evidenced by indicator strips, especially in the outpatient field. Twenty adult subjects (10 males and 10 females) aged between 18 and 50 years (GROUP A)_ were selected. How to control a homogeneous group of 20 patients without GERD, or from any type of allergies (GROUP B) was enlisted.ResultsThis method has provided excellent results showing no difference in the measured values compared with the traditional instrumental measurement.ConclusionOur study has allowed us to observe a strong correlation between the saliva pH, nasal cavities and the interaction between the two districts, and could be the basis for a diagnosis of GERD especially in primary health care clinics and in the initial stage of the disease.

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