scholarly journals Religious Americans Have Less Positive Attitudes Toward Science, but This Does Not Extend to Other Cultures

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062092323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon McPhetres ◽  
Jonathan Jong ◽  
Miron Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Attitudes Toward Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross National

It is commonly claimed that science and religion are logically and psychologically at odds with one another. However, previous studies have mainly examined American samples; therefore, generalizations about antagonism between religion and science may be unwarranted. We examined the correlation between religiosity and attitudes toward science across 11 studies including representative data from 60 countries ( N = 66,438), nine convenience samples from the United States ( N = 2,160), and a cross-national panel sample from five understudied countries ( N = 1,048). Results show that, within the United States, religiosity is consistently associated with lower interest in science topics and activities and less positive explicit and implicit attitudes toward science. However, this relationship is inconsistent around the world, with positive, negative, and null correlations being observed in various countries. Our findings are inconsistent with the idea that science and religion are necessarily at odds, undermining common theories of scientific advancement undermining religion.

scholarly journals Religious Americans Have Less Positive Attitudes Toward Science, But This Does Not Extend To Other Cultures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon McPhetres ◽  
Jonathan Jong ◽  
Miron Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Science And Religion ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The World ◽  
Attitudes Towards Science ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Cross National

It is commonly claimed that science and religion are logically and psychologically at odds with one another. However, previous studies have mainly examined American samples: therefore, generalisations about antagonism between religion and science may be unwarranted. We examined the correlation between religiosity and attitudes towards science across 11 studies, including representative data from 60 countries (N = 66,438), nine convenience samples from the U.S. (N = 2,160), and a cross-national panel sample from five understudied countries (N = 1,048). Results show that, within the U.S., religiosity is consistently associated with lower interest in science topics and activities, and less positive explicit and implicit attitudes towards science. However, this relationship is inconsistent around the world, with positive, negative, and null correlations being observed in various countries. Our findings are inconsistent with the idea that science and religion are necessarily at odds, undermining common theories of scientific advancement undermining religion.

Comparing Electoral Integrity within and across States

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pippa Norris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
The South ◽  
Us States ◽  
The World ◽  
American Elections ◽  
Electoral Performance ◽  
Cross National

This chapter compares cross-national and state-level evidence from expert and mass surveys to diagnose problems in American elections. When evaluating the integrity of elections, experts rated America exceptionally poorly. Compared with all 153 countries in the survey, based on the average evaluations of both the 2012 and 2014 US elections, America scored 62 out of the 100-point PEI Index. Compared with the rest of the world, the United States ranks 52nd worldwide. Experts also evaluated the 2016 elections across all fifty US states and Washington, DC. The results show that the south remains the region of America which experts assess as having the weakest electoral performance. Democratic-controlled states usually had significantly greater electoral integrity than Republican-controlled states, across all stages except one (the declaration of the results, probably reflecting protests in several major cities following the unexpected Trump victory).

Toward a Comparative Understanding of Foundations

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 1956-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Toepler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organizational Form ◽  
The State ◽  
Philanthropic Foundations ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Cross National

Reviewing information on philanthropic foundations in the United States, Germany, and 10 other countries, this article presents an overview assessment of the major similarities and difficulties involved in cross-national comparisons of this particular organizational form. Over the past two or three decades, foundations have experienced significant growth in many parts of the world, spurred by enabling policies devised by policymakers eager to generate private resources for public purposes. This article comparatively discusses relationships between foundations and other sectors, including the state; the purposes, approaches, and roles foundations pursue; and what makes these institutions distinctive. It concludes with some policy considerations.

Address of the President, Sir Michael Atiyah, O. M., given at the Anniversary Meeting on 30 November 1993

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Religion And Science ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The Church

Science and religion have frequently, over the centuries, been in conflict, particularly in matters of doctrine. Galileo’s conflict with the Church persisted, at least formally, until last year. Another famous episode centred on Darwin’s theory of evolution, and this particular debate continues to flourish in parts of the United States. Even in this country, which prides itself on moderation in all things, there are at times outbursts of anti-scientific polemics based in part on perceived conflict with religion. Fortunately, there are more rational voices which seek to defuse unnecessary confrontation on matters of fundamental belief. But, doctrine aside, I would like to suggest that religion and science have certain things in common and that their established institutions, be they the Church of England or the Royal Society, have analogous roles to play. There may even be issues on which we could work in parallel with broadly similar objectives.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Elaine Howard Ecklund ◽  
David R. Johnson ◽  
Brandon Vaidyanathan ◽  
Kirstin R. W. Matthews ◽  
Steven W. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
National Context ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Findings

There has been much scholarly work on the interface between science and religion in the United States and the United Kingdom, but little has been done to compare these to other countries and regions around the world. By studying what scientists think about religion in eight national and regional contexts—the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Turkey, India, Hong Kong, and Taiwan—the researchers provide a more global and nuanced view of science and religion around the world. The chapter previews the methodological scope of the research, findings from each national context, and the main claims of the book.

Sex Differences in Mass Media Preferences Across Four Asian Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Ratnasingam ◽  
Lee Ellis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Evolutionary Explanation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Media Preferences

Background. Nearly all of the research on sex differences in mass media utilization has been based on samples from the United States and a few other Western countries. Aim. The present study examines sex differences in mass media utilization in four Asian countries (Japan, Malaysia, South Korea, and Singapore). Methods. College students self-reported the frequency with which they accessed the following five mass media outlets: television dramas, televised news and documentaries, music, newspapers and magazines, and the Internet. Results. Two significant sex differences were found when participants from the four countries were considered as a whole: Women watched television dramas more than did men; and in Japan, female students listened to music more than did their male counterparts. Limitations. A wider array of mass media outlets could have been explored. Conclusions. Findings were largely consistent with results from studies conducted elsewhere in the world, particularly regarding sex differences in television drama viewing. A neurohormonal evolutionary explanation is offered for the basic findings.

Cross-National Comparison of School Victimization Between Canada and the United States

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Cohen ◽  
Christine Ateah ◽  
Joseph Ducette ◽  
Matthew Mahon ◽  
Alexander Tabori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
School Victimization ◽  
Cross National

Sandra Ramos Revisited

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-54
Author(s):  
Silvia Spitta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Graphic Arts ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
The Rich

Sandra Ramos (b. 1969) is one of the few artists to reflect critically on both sides of the Cuban di-lemma, fully embodying the etymological origins of the word in ancient Greek: di-, meaning twice, and lemma, denoting a form of argument involving a choice between equally unfavorable alternatives. Throughout her works she shines a light on the dilemmas faced by Cubans whether in Cuba or the United States, underlining the bad personal and political choices people face in both countries. During the hard 1990s, while still in Havana, the artist focused on the traumatic one-way journey into exile by thousands, as well as the experience of profound abandonment experienced by those who were left behind on the island. Today she lives in Miami and operates a studio there as well as one in Havana. Her initial disorientation in the USA has morphed into an acerbic representation and critique of the current administration and a deep concern with the environmental collapse we face. A buffoonlike Trumpito has joined el Bobo de Abela and Liborio in her gallery of comic characters derived from the rich Cuban graphic arts tradition where she was formed. While Cuba is now represented as a rotten cake with menacing flies hovering over it ready to pounce, a bombastic Trumpito marches across the world stage, trampling everything underfoot, a dollar sign for a face.

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