scholarly journals Mouse placental scaffolds: a three-dimensional environment model for recellularization

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204173141986796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo SN Barreto ◽  
Patricia Romagnolli ◽  
Paula Fratini ◽  
Andrea Maria Mess ◽  
Maria Angelica Miglino
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Embryonic Fibroblasts ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Environment Model ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
Culture Substrate ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Cell Matrix Adhesion

The rich extracellular matrix (ECM) and availability make placenta eligible as alternative biomaterial source. Herein we produced placental mouse scaffolds by decellularization, and structure, composition, and cytocompatibility were evaluated to be considered as a biomaterial. We obtained a cell-free scaffold containing 9.42 ± 5.2 ng dsDNA per mg of ECM, presenting well-preserved structure and composition. Proteoglycans were widespread throughout ECM without cell nuclei and cell remnants. Collagen I, weak in native placenta, clearly appears in the scaffold after recellularization, opposite distribution was observed for collagen III. Fibronectin was well-observed in placental scaffolds whereas laminin and collagen IV were strong expressed. Placental scaffolds recellularization potential was confirmed after mouse embryonic fibroblasts 3D dynamic culture, resulting in massive scaffold repopulation with cell–cell interactions, cell-matrix adhesion, and maintenance of natural morphology. Our small size scaffolds provide a useful tool for tissue engineering to produce grafts and organ fragments, as well as for cellular biology purposes for tridimensional culture substrate.

scholarly journals Adhesive multiplicity in the interaction of embryonic fibroblasts and myoblasts with extracellular matrices.

1984 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1398-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Decker ◽  
R Greggs ◽  
K Duggan ◽  
J Stubbs ◽  
A Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Extracellular Matrices ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Skeletal Myoblasts ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Matrix Adhesion

Neff et al. (1982, J. Cell Biol., 95:654-666) have described a monoclonal antibody, CSAT, directed against a cell surface antigen that participates in the adhesion of skeletal muscle to extracellular matrices. We used the same antibody to compare and parse the determinants of adhesion and morphology on myogenic and fibrogenic cells. We report here that the antigen is present on skeletal and cardiac muscle and on tendon, skeletal, dermal, and cardiac fibroblasts; however, its contribution to their morphology and adhesion is different. The antibody produces large alterations in the morphology and adhesion of skeletal myoblasts and tendon fibroblasts; in contrast, its effects on the cardiac fibroblasts are not readily detected. The effects of CSAT on the other cell types, i.e., dermal and skeletal fibroblasts, cardiac muscle, 5-bromodeoxyuridine-treated skeletal muscle, lie between these extremes. The effects of CSAT on the skeletal myoblasts depends on the calcium concentration in the growth medium and on the culture age. We interpret these differential responses to CSAT as revealing differences in the adhesion of the various cells to extracellular matrices. This interpretation is supported by parallel studies using quantitative assays of cell-matrix adhesion. The likely origin of these adhesive differences is the progressive display of different kinds of adhesion-related molecules and their organizational complexes on increasingly adhesive cells. The antigen to which CSAT is directed is present on all of the above cells and thus appears to be a lowest common denominator of their adhesion to extracellular matrices.

Anisotropic Strain Effects on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Physiology

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim Tsvankin ◽  
Dmitry Belchenko ◽  
Devon Scott ◽  
Wei Tan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Biological Development ◽  
Sense And Respond ◽  
Cell Matrix Adhesion

Biological development is a complex and highly-regulated process, a significant part of which is controlled by mechanostimulus, or the strain imparted on a cell by its environment. Mechanostimulus is important for stem cell differentiation, from cytoskeletal assembly to cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion [1]. The mechanics of cells and tissues play a critical role in organisms, under both physiological and pathological conditions; abnormal mechanotransduction — the mechanism by which cells sense and respond to strain — has been implicated in a wide range of clinical pathologies [2,3].

scholarly journals The cancer chemopreventive agent resveratrol induces tensin, a cell–matrix adhesion protein with signaling and antitumor activities

Oncogene ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3274-3284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle M Rodrigue ◽  
Françoise Porteu ◽  
Nicole Navarro ◽  
Erik Bruyneel ◽  
Marc Bracke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
Chemopreventive Agent ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cell Matrix Adhesion

scholarly journals A New Candidate Substrate for Cell-Matrix Adhesion Study: The Acellular Human Amniotic Matrix

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianchen Guo ◽  
Xuya Lu ◽  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Hong Zheng ◽  
Xiaotao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Cell Matrix Adhesion

In vivoadhesions between cells and the extracellular matrix play a crucial role in cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration as well as tissue remodeling. Natural three-dimensional (3D) matrices, such as self-assembling matrices and Matrigel, have limitations in terms of their biomechanical properties. Here, we present a simple method to produce an acellular human amniotic matrix (AHAM) with preserved biomechanical properties and a favorable adhesion potential. On the stromal side of the AHAM, human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs) attached and extended with bipolar spindle-shaped morphology proliferated to multilayer networks, invaded into the AHAM, and migrated in a straight line. Moreover,αV integrin, paxillin, and fibronectin were observed to colocalize after 24 h of HFF culture on the stromal side of the AHAM. Our results indicate that the AHAM may be an ideal candidate as a cell-matrix adhesion substrate to study cell adhesion and invasion as well as other functionsin vitrounder a tensile force that mimics thein vivoenvironment.

scholarly journals TableSense: Spreadsheet Table Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyu Dong ◽  
Shijie Liu ◽  
Shi Han ◽  
Zhouyu Fu ◽  
Dongmei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Rich

Spreadsheet table detection is the task of detecting all tables on a given sheet and locating their respective ranges. Automatic table detection is a key enabling technique and an initial step in spreadsheet data intelligence. However, the detection task is challenged by the diversity of table structures and table layouts on the spreadsheet. Considering the analogy between a cell matrix as spreadsheet and a pixel matrix as image, and encouraged by the successful application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) in computer vision, we have developed TableSense, a novel end-to-end framework for spreadsheet table detection. First, we devise an effective cell featurization scheme to better leverage the rich information in each cell; second, we develop an enhanced convolutional neural network model for table detection to meet the domain-specific requirement on precise table boundary detection; third, we propose an effective uncertainty metric to guide an active learning based smart sampling algorithm, which enables the efficient build-up of a training dataset with 22,176 tables on 10,220 sheets with broad coverage of diverse table structures and layouts. Our evaluation shows that TableSense is highly effective with 91.3% recall and 86.5% precision in EoB-2 metric, a significant improvement over both the current detection algorithm that are used in commodity spreadsheet tools and state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks in computer vision.

Digital Technologies – Innovative Solutions for Agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Marina A. Nikitina ◽  
Dmitriy N. Osyanin ◽  
Irina V. Petrunina
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Algorithmic Support ◽  
Quality Product ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Parametric Description ◽  
Animal Feeding

High-tech decision support systems based on the knowledge of experts in the field of animal feeding and a rigorous mathematical apparatus make it possible to increase the productivity of the animals and provide a high-quality product with the ability to trace the trophological chain from the field to the counter. (Research purpose) To identify methodological approaches for the development of algorithmic support and software for assessment and optimizing the animals diet. (Materials and Methods) The authors complied a structural-parametric model of a productive animal feeding in a cell matrix form. They represented the whole variety of existing known and unknown relationships between the factors of the farm animal state and the feeding ration characteristics. It was found that when forming a feeding ration, it was necessary to assess the degree of influence on productivity of not individual indicators, but its combination. (Results and discussion) The authors considered parametric descriptions of farm animals; diet with selected groups of indicators, characteristics and properties. It was stated that the parametric description of feeding contained a set of parameters taking into account at least 25 nutritional indicators. They presented a mathematical apparatus for evaluating and optimizing the feeding ration. It was determined that the automation of the process of calculating the daily ration of an animal allowed to change the diets depending on the availability of feed in the farm and their chemical composition in real time. The authors found out that an increase in the productivity of animals and poultry by 30-50 percent was possible due to balanced full-fledged feeding. (Conclusions) The authors showed a systematic approach to the development of software for evaluating and optimizing the animal feeding diet. It was revealed that a computer system in the online mode would help to find the best option for a feeding ration, taking into account multifactor and limitations.

scholarly journals A computational framework for modeling cell–matrix interactions in soft biological tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas F. Eichinger ◽  
Maximilian J. Grill ◽  
Iman Davoodi Kermani ◽  
Roland C. Aydin ◽  
Wolfgang A. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Mechanical Homeostasis ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Short Time

AbstractLiving soft tissues appear to promote the development and maintenance of a preferred mechanical state within a defined tolerance around a so-called set point. This phenomenon is often referred to as mechanical homeostasis. In contradiction to the prominent role of mechanical homeostasis in various (patho)physiological processes, its underlying micromechanical mechanisms acting on the level of individual cells and fibers remain poorly understood, especially how these mechanisms on the microscale lead to what we macroscopically call mechanical homeostasis. Here, we present a novel computational framework based on the finite element method that is constructed bottom up, that is, it models key mechanobiological mechanisms such as actin cytoskeleton contraction and molecular clutch behavior of individual cells interacting with a reconstructed three-dimensional extracellular fiber matrix. The framework reproduces many experimental observations regarding mechanical homeostasis on short time scales (hours), in which the deposition and degradation of extracellular matrix can largely be neglected. This model can serve as a systematic tool for future in silico studies of the origin of the numerous still unexplained experimental observations about mechanical homeostasis.

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