scholarly journals Cognitive effects of vortioxetine in older adults: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204512532110267
Author(s):  
Makenna M. Bishop ◽  
Danielle R. Fixen ◽  
Sunny A. Linnebur ◽  
Scott M. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Cognitive Benefits ◽  
Long Term Studies

Many older adults experience a deterioration in cognitive function with aging, and this can have a negative impact on quality of life. Late-life depression has been linked to mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and treating depression with an agent that has procognitive effects could be beneficial. Vortioxetine is a novel antidepressant with a multimodal mechanism of action that works primarily via serotonin transporter inhibition, 5-HT1A receptor agonism and 5-HT3 receptor antagonism. A recent systematic review demonstrated procognitive effects of vortioxetine when indirectly compared with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in adults aged 18–65 years with major depressive disorder. While this systematic review demonstrated promising procognitive effects from vortioxetine, the included studies did not enroll older adults, who are at the highest risk of cognitive impairment. Therefore, our systematic review sought to investigate the effects of vortioxetine on cognitive functioning in patients over the age of 65 years. Three studies met the prespecified search criteria and were evaluated. Overall, these preliminary data suggest that vortioxetine has promising effects in improving cognition in older adults with depressive symptoms and may have a place in therapy in older adults with depression and/or cognitive impairment, including Alzheimer’s disease. Additional long-term studies that include more diverse populations with comorbidities and direct comparisons with other antidepressants are needed to fully understand the potential cognitive benefits in older adults.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the effectiveness of advanced practice nurses in long-term care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba DiCenso
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Advanced Practice Nurses ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Practice Nurses

To report quantitative evidence of the effectiveness of advanced practice nursing roles, clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, in meeting the healthcare needs of older adults living in long-term care residential settings. Although studies have examined the effectiveness of advanced practice nurses in this setting, a systematic review of this evidence has not been conducted. Quantitative systematic review. Twelve electronic databases were searched (1966-2010); leaders in the field were contacted; and personal files, reference lists, pertinent journals, and websites were searched for prospective studies with a comparison group. Studies that met inclusion criteria were reviewed for quality, using a modified version of the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group risk of bias assessment criteria. Four prospective studies conducted in the USA and reported in 15 papers were included. Long-term care settings with advanced practice nurses had lower rates of depression, urinary incontinence, pressure ulcers, restraint use, and aggressive behaviours; more residents who experienced improvements in meeting personal goals; and family members who expressed more satisfaction with medical services. Advanced practice nurses are associated with improvements in several measures of health status and behaviours of older adults in long-term care settings and in family satisfaction. Further exploration is needed to determine the effect of advanced practice nurses on health services use; resident satisfaction with care and quality of life; and the skills, quality of care, and job satisfaction of healthcare staff.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the effectiveness of advanced practice nurses in long-term care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba DiCenso
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Advanced Practice Nurses ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Practice Nurses

To report quantitative evidence of the effectiveness of advanced practice nursing roles, clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, in meeting the healthcare needs of older adults living in long-term care residential settings. Although studies have examined the effectiveness of advanced practice nurses in this setting, a systematic review of this evidence has not been conducted. Quantitative systematic review. Twelve electronic databases were searched (1966-2010); leaders in the field were contacted; and personal files, reference lists, pertinent journals, and websites were searched for prospective studies with a comparison group. Studies that met inclusion criteria were reviewed for quality, using a modified version of the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Review Group risk of bias assessment criteria. Four prospective studies conducted in the USA and reported in 15 papers were included. Long-term care settings with advanced practice nurses had lower rates of depression, urinary incontinence, pressure ulcers, restraint use, and aggressive behaviours; more residents who experienced improvements in meeting personal goals; and family members who expressed more satisfaction with medical services. Advanced practice nurses are associated with improvements in several measures of health status and behaviours of older adults in long-term care settings and in family satisfaction. Further exploration is needed to determine the effect of advanced practice nurses on health services use; resident satisfaction with care and quality of life; and the skills, quality of care, and job satisfaction of healthcare staff.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life after bariatric surgery: a systematic review of prospective long-term studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Roger Andersen ◽  
Anny Aasprang ◽  
Tor-Ivar Karlsen ◽  
Gerd Karin Natvig ◽  
Villy Våge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Long Term Studies

scholarly journals The Impact of Nursing Staffs’ Working Conditions on the Quality of Care Received by Older Adults in Long-Term Residential Care Facilities: A Systematic Review of Interventional and Observational Studies

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Elodie Perruchoud ◽  
Rafaël Weissbrodt ◽  
Henk Verloo ◽  
Claude-Alexandre Fournier ◽  
Audrey Genolet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Residential Care Facilities ◽  
Care Facilities

Background: Little documentation exists on relationships between long-term residential care facilities (LTRCFs), staff working conditions and residents’ quality of care (QoC). Supporting evidence is weak because most studies examining this employ cross-sectional designs. Methods: Systematic searches of twelve bibliographic databases sought experimental and longitudinal studies, published up to May 2021, focusing on LTRCF nursing staff’s working conditions and the QoC they provided to older adults. Results: Of the 3577 articles identified, 159 were read entirely, and 11 were retained for inclusion. Higher nursing staff hours worked per resident per day (HPRD) were associated with significant reductions in pressure sores and urinary tract infections. Overall staff qualification levels and numbers of RNs had significant positive influences on QoC. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this systematic review is the first to combine cohort studies with a quasi-experimental study to explore associations between LTRCF nursing staff’s working conditions and older adult residents’ QoC. Human factors (including HPRD, staff turnover, skill mix, staff ratios) and the specific working contribution of RNs had overwhelmingly significant influences on QoC. It seems essential that LTRCF supervisory and decision-making bodies should promote optimal working conditions for nursing staff because these have such a direct impact on residents’ QoC.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the responsive behaviours of older adults living in long-term care homes towards staff: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e028416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Song ◽  
Matthias Hoben ◽  
Lori Weeks ◽  
Anne-Marie Boström ◽  
Zahra S Goodarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Factors Associated

IntroductionIn the last decade, increasing research interest has been expressed in responsive behaviours of older adults living in long-term care (LTC) homes, including nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Responsive behaviours are not only a sign of underlying unmet needs, but when directed against (towards) paid staff can lead to decreased quality of work life, and may contribute to lower quality of care. In this systematic review, we aim to synthesise empirically based quantitative and qualitative evidence on factors and stakeholder (eg, staff and family members) experiences of factors associated with the responsive behaviours of people living in LTC directed towards staff.Methods and analysisThis study will be a systematic review of published and ‘grey’ literature. Twelve bibliographical databases will be searched, and for each database, we will use appropriate subject headings and keywords that cover two concepts: LTC and responsive behaviour. No publication date or language filter will be used. The title and abstract of each extracted record will be screened, followed by screening of full text of included papers. Then data extraction and quality assessments will be undertaken. Each stage will be completed independently by pairs of authors. For quantitative studies, meta-analysis will be conducted if pooling is possible; otherwise, a critical narrative analysis will be conducted. For qualitative studies, thematic analysis will be conducted. Factors will then be organised at the individual, interpersonal, institutional and larger societal levels. Sensitivity analysis will be conducted to explore the influence of risk of bias and publication bias on the results. Subgroup analysis will be conducted for people who live with dementia and those who do not.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this systematic review. The results of this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publication and presentation at professional conferences.

Systematic Review: Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health Outcomes of Individuals With ADHD

2021 ◽  
pp. 108705472110509
Author(s):  
Julie T. Behrmann ◽  
Julie Blaabjerg ◽  
Josefine Jordansen ◽  
Kristine M. Jensen de López
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
The Impact

Background: According to the WHO, the COVID-19 pandemic could have a negative impact on the mental health of individuals, such as an exacerbation of existing difficulties. Individuals with ADHD may be specifically challenged by the pandemic. Aims: To provide a systematic review of evidence regarding the COVID-19’s impact on mental health of individuals with ADHD during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: This registered review (PROSPERO ID CRD42021238770) adhered to Prisma guidelines. Systematic searches in electronic databases PubMed and PsycINFO were carried out. A total of 12 studies covering 3,028 subjects were included. Results: COVID-19 pandemic is associated with increased ADHD symptoms and psychological difficulties. Some studies reported that individuals experienced positive outcomes. The methodological quality of the studies was low to moderate. Conclusion: COVID-19 can affect the mental health of individuals with ADHD negatively, although methodological limitations should be considered. Further research should generate knowledge about long-term effects impact of the pandemic and about appropriate support.

The effectiveness of serious games in improving executive functions among elderly people with cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Abd-alrazaq ◽  
Dari Alhuwail ◽  
Arfan Ahmed ◽  
Mowafa Househ
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND Executive functions are one of the known cognitive abilities that decline by age. They are the high-order cognitive processes that enable an individual to concentrate, plan, and take action. Serious games, which are games developed for specific purposes other than entertainment, could play a positive role in improving executive functions. Several systematic reviews have pooled the evidence about the effectiveness of serious games in improving executive functions; however, they are limited by some weaknesses. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of serious games in improving executive functions among elderly people with cognitive impairment. METHODS A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted. To retrieve relevant studies, 8 electronic databases were searched. Further, reference lists of the included studies and relevant reviews were screened, and we checked studies that cited our included studies. Two reviewers independently checked the eligibility of the studies, extracted data from the included studies, assessed the risk of bias, and appraised the quality of the evidence. We used a narrative and statistical approach, as appropriate, to synthesize results of the included studies. RESULTS Out of 548 publications identified, 16 RCTs were eventually included in this review. Our meta-analyses showed that serious games are as effective as no or passive interventions in improving executive functions (P=0.29). Surprisingly, conventional exercises were more effective than serious games in improving executive functions (P=0.03). Our subgroup analysis showed that both types of serious games (cognitive training games (P=0.08) and exergames (P=0.16)) are as effective as conventional exercises in improving executive functions. No difference was found between adaptive serious games and non-adaptive serious games in improving executive functions (P=0.59). CONCLUSIONS Serious games are not superior to no or passive interventions and conventional exercises in improving executive functions among older adults with cognitive impairment. However, our findings remain inconclusive due to the low quality of the evidence, the small sample size in most included studies, and the paucity of studies included in the meta-analyses. Accordingly, until more robust evidence is available, serious games should not be offered by healthcare providers nor used by patients for improving executive functions among older adults with cognitive functions. Further reviews are needed to assess the long-term effect of serious games on specific executive functions or other cognitive abilities among people from different age groups with or without cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Peri-Implantitis: A Clinical Update on Prevalence and Surgical Treatment Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1107
Author(s):  
Andrea Roccuzzo ◽  
Alexandra Stähli ◽  
Alberto Monje ◽  
Anton Sculean ◽  
Giovanni Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Routine Procedure ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Dental Prostheses ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Long Term Studies

Dental implants may be considered a reliable routine procedure in clinical practice for the replacement of missing teeth. Results from long-term studies indicate that implant-supported dental prostheses constitute a predictable treatment method for the management of fully and partially edentulous patients. Implants and their restorations, however, are not free from biological complications. In fact, peri-implantitis, defined as progressive bone loss associated to clinical inflammation, is not a rare finding nowadays. This constitutes a concern for clinicians and patients given the negative impact on the quality of life and the sequelae originated by peri-implantitis lesions. The purpose of this narrative review is to report on the prevalence of peri-implantitis and to overview the indications, contraindications, complexity, predictability and effectiveness of the different surgical therapeutic modalities to manage this disorder.

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