scholarly journals Fitness attenuates the prevalence of increased coronary artery calcium in individuals with metabolic syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
Örjan Ekblom ◽  
Erika Fagman ◽  
Oskar Angerås ◽  
Caroline Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Agatston Score ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Fitness

Background The association between cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity and coronary artery calcium (CAC) is unclear, and whether higher levels of fitness attenuate CAC prevalence in subjects with metabolic syndrome is not fully elucidated. The present study aims to: a) investigate the independent association of fitness on the prevalence of CAC, after adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time, and b) study the possible attenuation of increased CAC by higher fitness, in participants with metabolic syndrome. Design Cross-sectional. Methods In total 678 participants (52% women), 50–65 years old, from the SCAPIS pilot study were included. Fitness (VO2max) was estimated by submaximal cycle ergometer test and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time were assessed using hip-worn accelerometers. CAC score (CACS) was quantified using the Agatston score. Results The odds of having a significant CACS (≥100) was half in participants with moderate/high fitness compared with their low fitness counterparts. Further consideration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sedentary time and number of components of the metabolic syndrome did only slightly alter the effect size. Those with metabolic syndrome had 47% higher odds for significant CAC compared with those without metabolic syndrome. However, moderate/high fitness seems to partially attenuate this risk, as further joint analysis indicated an increased odds for having significant CAC only in the unfit metabolic syndrome participants. Conclusions Being fit is associated with a reduced risk of having significant CAC in individuals with metabolic syndrome. While still very much underutilized, fitness should be taken into consideration in everyday clinical risk prediction in addition to the traditional risk factors of the metabolic syndrome.

The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Salivary Cortisol, and the Metabolic Syndrome Score in Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina D. DuBose ◽  
Andrew J. McKune
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between physical activity levels, salivary cortisol, and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) score was examined. Twenty-three girls (8.4 ± 0.9 years) had a fasting blood draw, waist circumference and blood pressure measured, and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 5 days. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol levels. Previously established cut points estimated the minutes spent in moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A continuous MetSyn score was created from blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and glucose values. Correlation analyses examined associations between physical activity, cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components. Regression analysis examined the relationship between cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components adjusting for physical activity, percent body fat, and sexual maturity. Vigorous physical activity was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol values. The MetSyn score was not related with cortisol values after controlling for confounders. In contrast, HDL was negatively related with 30 min post waking cortisol. Triglyceride was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol and area under the curve. The MetSyn score and many of its components were not related to cortisol salivary levels even after adjusting for physical activity, body fat percentage, and sexual maturity.

scholarly journals Intensity of bouted and sporadic physical activity and the metabolic syndrome in adults

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Robson ◽  
Ian Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Background.Physical activity guidelines for adults only recognize the health benefits of accumulating bouted moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or MVPA occurring over at least 10 consecutive minutes. There is a lack of evidence supporting the health benefits of other patterns and intensities of activity including sporadic MVPA (i.e., MVPA occurring in periods of fewer than 10 consecutive minutes) and light intensity physical activity (LIPA). The objective of this study was to examine the health benefits associated with physical activity that does not meet the physical activity guidelines criteria for bouted MVPA. Specifically, we examined the association between sporadic MVPA and bouted and sporadic LIPA with the metabolic syndrome.Methods.We studied a representative cross-sectional sample of 1,974 adults aged 20 years and older from the 2003–2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Physical activity was measured over 7 days using Actigraph AM-7164 accelerometers. Each minute over the 7-day measurement period was classified as being of a sedentary, light, or moderate-to-vigorous intensity. A 10 min threshold differentiated bouted activity from sporadic activity. Average minutes/day of sporadic LIPA, sporadic MVPA, bouted LIPA, bouted MVPA, and embedded MVPA (MVPA occurring within bouts of primarily LIPA) were calculated. Metabolic syndrome status was determined using established criteria. Associations were examined using logistic regression and controlled for relevant covariates.Results.For every 30 min/day of physical activity, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of the metabolic syndrome was reduced by 4% (1–7%) for bouted LIPA, 64% (51–71%) for bouted MVPA, and 57% (45–67%) for embedded MVPA. Sporadic LIPA was not independently associated with the metabolic syndrome. We could not examine the association between sporadic MVPA and the metabolic syndrome because participants accumulated such a marginal amount of this type of activity (i.e., median = 2 min/day, only 11% of participants accumulated ≥5 min/day).Conclusion.The intensity of non-bouted activity is important, as embedded MVPA had a stronger association with the metabolic syndrome than sporadic LIPA and a comparable association to bouted MVPA.

Abstract 3299: Association Of The Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes And Framingham Risk Score With Coronary Artery Calcium

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzoma N Ibebuogu ◽  
nathan D Wong ◽  
Jessica Ramirez ◽  
SongShou Mao ◽  
Fereshteh Hajsadeghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Framingham Risk ◽  
Risk Factor Burden

INTRODUCTION: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a sensitive marker for the detection of subclinical coronary heart disease (CHD), and can be accurately quantified using cardiac computed tomography. Few studies have examined the relation between the metabolic syndrome (MetS), MetS risk factor burden, diabetes, and CAC. HYPOTHESIS: To examine the relation between MetS, as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), MetS risk factor burden, diabetes and CAC. METHODS: We studied 356 consecutive, asymptomatic men and women aged 58 ± 11 years who underwent CAC testing, 116 had MetS, 61 had diabetes, and the remainder had neither. MetS was defined according to the NCEP ATP III guidelines with ≥ 3 risk factors. The prevalence and odds of CAC among these groups were determined by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine if MetS or diabetes added to 10-year CHD estimated by the Framingham risk score (FRS) in predicting CAC. RESULTS: The prevalence of CAC >0 for those with diabetes, MetS and neither condition was 73%, 69% and 60% respectively, while the prevalence of CAC ≥ 100 for the 3 groups was 64%, 43% and 24% respectively. Risk factor-adjusted odds for the presence of CAC ≥ 100 were 2.26 (95% CI 1 to 4.4, p=0.0001) among those with MetS and 3.46 (95% CI 1.6 to 7.4, p=0.0001) among those with diabetes, versus neither condition. ROC analysis for CAC ≥ 100 showed an area under the curve of 0.61 (95% CI 0.54 – 0.68) for FRS, 0.72 (95% CI 0.61– 0.83) for diabetes, 0.67 (95% CI 0.56 – 0.77) for the metabolic syndrome, 0.78 (95% CI 0.7– 0.85) when the MetS is added to the FRS (p<0.0001 compared to FRS alone), and 0.90 (95% CI 0.85– 0.95) when diabetes is added to the FRS (p<0.0001 compared to FRS alone). The CAC score showed a trend towards a progressive increase across the metabolic score ranging from 0 to 5 (p=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Those with MetS or diabetes have an increased likelihood of subclinical atherosclerosis (measured by CAC) compared to those with neither condition, and they also add to prediction of CAC over FRS, suggesting the importance of these factors in clinical assessment of CHD risk.

Differences in physical function and metabolic syndrome risk factors according to the level of physical activity in elderly Korean men: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Mineral Density

Background and objective: Managing the decrease in physical function in the elderly is a major task in aging societies globally. Here, we aimed to compare the physical function and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors according to levels of physical activity (PA). Material and methods: We measured PA in 77 elderly Korean men (74.21 ± 6.26 years old) with an accelerometer and recorded body composition, physical function, and MetS-related risk factors. Participants were divided into three groups based on daily moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA): low (under 60 min), middle (60-120 min), and high (over 120 min). The groups were compared using a one-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe post hoc test. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Results: Significant differences were found between the groups for sedentary behavior time (P < 0.001), light PA (P < 0.05), moderate PA (P < 0.001), vigorous PA (P < 0.05), and total energy expenditure (P < 0.001). The high PA group showed a significantly lower percentage of body fat and fat mass and higher muscle mass than did the low and middle PA groups (P < 0.05). The 6-min walk test was significantly better in the high PA group than in the low and middle PA groups (P < 0.05). Grip strength and the Berg balance scale were also significantly better in the high PA group (P < 0.05). Bone mineral density (BMD) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly higher in the high PA group than in the low PA group (P < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher in the middle PA group than in the low PA group (P < 0.05). Participants with more than three MetS criteria showed an OR of 0.09 (95% confidence interval 0.01-0.82) in the high PA group as compared with the low PA group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Moderate-vigorous physical activity of more than 120 min daily showed better physical function and lower OR of MetS than did lower MVPA levels in elderly Korean men.

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