scholarly journals A protocol for a systematic review of clinical guidelines and published systematic reviews on the early detection of oral cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2057178X1665830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeema M Al Bulushi ◽  
Lorna MD Macpherson ◽  
Heather Worlledge-Andrew ◽  
John Gibson ◽  
Alastair J Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Guidelines

scholarly journals Salivary cytokines as biomarkers of oral cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Martina Abatti Chiamulera ◽  
Caroline Biazzolo Zancan ◽  
Aline Pertile Remor ◽  
Marcos Freitas Cordeiro ◽  
Frederico Omar Gleber-Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Oral cancer (OC) is usually diagnosed at advanced clinical stages due to its asymptomatic nature and absence of pathognomonic signs in its early development phase. Delayed diagnosis is one of the major causes of OC treatment failure and poor prognosis. Development of alternative diagnostic approaches are imperative for improving early detection and therapeutic success rates. Salivary cytokines (SC) have been studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and may represent a potential tool for improvement of its early detection. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis we identified SC studied as OC biomarkers by systematically reviewing the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases using the terms: “oral cancer”, “cytokine”, and “saliva”, and also combined with “interleukin” or “interferon”. Only case-control studies that measured SC by ELISA from treatment naïve patients were included in the qualitative review. For the meta-analysis were included all comparable studies that provided enough data (sample size, mean and standard deviation or standard error of the mean) for SC levels in OC patients, non-cancer controls and patients with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), including leukoplakia. Comparisons with patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and gingivitis were included in the qualitative analysis. Results A total of 28 articles (from 2004 to 2018) were included in the systematic review, describing 10 different SC, being IL-8 and IL-6 the most studied ones. SC levels were consistently higher among OC patients when compared to healthy controls and to patients with OPMD, OLP and gingivitis. Meta-analysis including 23 eligible studies showed that IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 salivary levels were significantly higher in OC patients compared to controls; and that IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β salivary levels were also higher in OC patients compared to individuals with OPMD. When compared to healthy controls, OPMD patients showed significantly higher IL-6 and TNF-α salivary levels. Conclusions Our analyses showed that the salivary levels of some cytokines are consistently different among OC, OPMD and healthy patients, indicating that these SC may represent potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and OPMD. Despite of that, SC levels were highly variable among studies, suggesting that further technical improvement and standardization for SC measurement by ELISA is needed in order to successfully translate these biomarkers to the clinical practice.

scholarly journals A systematic review of proteomic biomarkers in oral squamous cell cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsnaa Pillai ◽  
Tanvi Chincholkar ◽  
Ruhi Dixit ◽  
Manoj Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Squamous Cell Cancer ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Chewing Tobacco

Abstract Background Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the most common cancer associated with chewing tobacco, in the world. As this is divided in to sites and subsites, it does not make it to top 10 cancers. The most common subsite is the oral cancer. At the time of diagnosis, more than 50% of patients with oral squamous cell cancers (OSCC) had advanced disease, indicating the lack of availability of early detection and risk assessment biomarkers. The new protein biomarker development and discovery will aid in early diagnosis and treatment which lead to targeted treatment and ultimately a good prognosis. Methods This systematic review was performed as per PRISMA guidelines. All relevant studies assessing characteristics of oral cancer and proteomics were considered for analysis. Only human studies published in English were included, and abstracts, incomplete articles, and cell line or animal studies were excluded. Results A total of 308 articles were found, of which 112 were found to be relevant after exclusion. The present review focuses on techniques of cancer proteomics and discovery of biomarkers using these techniques. The signature of protein expression may be used to predict drug response and clinical course of disease and could be used to individualize therapy with such knowledge. Conclusions Prospective use of these markers in the clinical setting will enable early detection, prediction of response to treatment, improvement in treatment selection, and early detection of tumor recurrence for disease monitoring. However, most of these markers for OSCC are yet to be validated.

scholarly journals Salivary cytokines as biomarkers of oral cancer: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Martina Abatti Chiamulera ◽  
Caroline Biazzolo Zancan ◽  
Aline Pertile Remor ◽  
Frederico Omar Gleber-Netto ◽  
Antuani Rafael Baptistella
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Oral Conditions

Abstract Background: Oral cancer (OC) is usually diagnosed at advanced clinical stages due to its asymptomatic nature and absence of pathognomonic signs in its early development phase. Delayed diagnosis is one of the major causes of OC treatment failure and poor prognosis. Development of alternative diagnostic approaches are imperative for improving early detection and therapeutic success rates. Salivary cytokines (SC) have been studied as potential diagnostic biomarkers for OC and may represent a potential tool for improvement of OC early detection. Methods: In this systematic review we identified SC studied as OC biomarker by systematically reviewing the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases using the terms: “oral cancer”, “cytokine”, and “saliva”, and also combined with “interleukin” or “interferon”. Only case-control studies that measured SC by ELISA from treatment naïve patients were included. Results: A total of 28 articles (from 2004 to 2018) were included, describing 10 different SC, which IL-8 and IL-6 were the most studied ones. SC levels were consistently higher among OC patients when compared to healthy controls and to patients with non-malignant oral conditions such as leukoplakia, lichen planus and gingivitis, irrespective of its inflammatory role. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests SC are consistently up-regulated among OC patients and may represent ideal biomarkers to be translated to the clinical practice.

scholarly journals Major Mistakes and Errors in the Use of Trial Sequential Analysis in Systematic Reviews or Meta-analyses – Protocol for a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Gunge Riberholt ◽  
Markus Harboe Olsen ◽  
Joachim Birch Milan ◽  
Christian Gluud
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Trial Sequential Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Research Waste ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Adequately conducted systematic reviews with meta-analyses are considered the highest level of evidence and thus directly defines many clinical guidelines. However, the risk of type I and II errors in meta-analyses are substantial. Trial Sequential Analysis is a method for controlling these risks. Erroneous use of the method might lead to research waste or misleading conclusions. Methods: The current protocol describes a systematic review aimed to identify common and major mistakes and errors in the use of Trial Sequential Analysis by evaluating published systematic reviews and meta-analyses that include this method. We plan to include all studies using Trial Sequential Analysis published from 2018 to 2021, an estimated 400 to 600 publications. We will search Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), including studies with all types of participants, interventions, and outcomes. The search will begin in July 2021. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, include relevant full text articles, extract data from the studies into a predefined checklist, and evaluate the methodological quality of the study using the AMSTAR 2 (Assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews). Discussion: This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). The identified mistakes and errors will form the basis of a reviewed guideline for the use of Trial Sequential Analysis. Appropriately controlling for type I and II errors might reduce research waste and improve quality and precision of the evidence that clinical guidelines are based upon.

scholarly journals The role of the dental surgeon in the early diagnosis of oral cancer: a concise systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Altrão ◽  
Alvaro da Rocha Mendes Filho ◽  
Leandro Moreira Tempest
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Toluidine Blue Staining ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Oral Cancers

Introduction: Oral cancers (OC) represent more than 90% of cases. It is estimated that more than 400,000 new cases of oral cancer are diagnosed each year worldwide. OC is preventable as most of the different identified risk factors, such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and betel nut chewing, are behaviors that increase the likelihood of the disease. Surgical biopsy remains the gold standard, but adjunctive tools have been developed to aid diagnoses, such as vital toluidine blue staining and autofluorescence imaging. Objective: To emphasize and present the importance of the dental surgeon in the early diagnosis and prevention of oral cancer. Methods: The survey was conducted from July 2021 to August 2021 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, following the rules of Systematic Review-PRISMA. Study quality was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: Early detection and treatment of OC were found to be important predictors for improving survival and reducing mortality. A thorough clinical inspection of the oral cavity can detect up to 99% of oral cancers. Other diagnostic types have been developed to help overcome the limits of standard oral clinical examination, highlighting toluidine blue staining, light-based detection techniques, and salivary biomarkers. Self-examination is an effective strategy to reduce the levels of mortality and morbidity caused by this pathology. A gain of 8.09% more in sensitivity and 11.36% more in specificity was observed with the fluorescence test. Conclusion: The findings clearly showed that early diagnosis of oral cancer is essential to increase the chances of cure and survival of patients, avoiding invasive surgical intervention. Currently, there are several diagnostic tools for screening and visual devices for the early detection of oral lesions through auxiliary methods, logically maintaining biopsy as the gold standard.

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