The use of a new chemical device based on silver and cationic surfactants as a new approach for daily oral hygiene: A preliminary study on a group of periodontal patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate the abatement power of oral microbial loading of a new gel formulation based on the complex silver-2-mercaptobenzoate, chlorhexidine digluconate and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (named ADC) through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The study sample consists of a group of 20 patients with chronic periodontal disease. Patients were over 25 years of age and did not undergo surgical or non-surgical periodontal treatment in the previous 6 months. The study sample was allotted into two groups of 10 patients each, homogeneous by age and sex. The test group received a bottle containing ADC gel, while the control group received an identical one containing placebo, similar to ADC in consistence, colour, taste and odour. Sub-gingival samples of four sites, one in each quadrant, of greatest probing depth in each patient were used. Microbiological analyses were performed at baseline and at day 15. Paired t test was performed to detect statistical significant reduction in total bacterial loading and oral pathogens in the study groups. The analysis showed a statistically significant reduction in the total bacterial loading evaluated pre- and post-treatment ( P = 0.029) in the study groups. In the control group, the decrease in total bacterial loading was not significant ( P = 0.279). Clinically, ADC gel does not have any side effects and discomfort such as pain, burning, tingling sensation or numbness and produces no adverse reactions in time. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new chemical formulation with antibacterial properties to use for daily oral hygiene with a preliminary study. Our results showed a statistically significant reduction in total bacterial loading after treatment, but the limitations of our study do not allow us to demonstrate the clinical efficacy of the ADC gel.

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Short-term results in evaluating a gingiva-adhesive hydrophobic-chlorhexidine-gel for chronic periodontitis

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports ◽

10.15386/cjmed-312 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 87 (3) ◽

pp. 186-191

Author(s):

Ciprian Sarbu ◽

Darian Rusu ◽

Horia Călniceanu ◽

Adrian Kasaj ◽

Stefan Adrian Petrutiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Chronic Periodontitis ◽

Test Group ◽

Study Groups ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Scaling And Root Planing ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Root Planing ◽

Chlorhexidine Gel

Background and Aims: Oral mucosa and interproximal spaces of the teeth could favor the colonization of periodontopathogenic bacteria, which could be targeted by chemical antiplaque agents such as chlorhexidine, present in different oral hygiene products, thus improving the control of biofilm growth and delaying microbial accumulation. The study aimed to evaluate whether the use of a hydrophobic gel with good gingival adhesion for 14 days after the scaling and root planing of patients with chronic periodontitis would improve the treatment outcome, when compared with the use of a regular hydrophyllic gel.Material and Methods: Patients with moderate disease were included in two study groups. At baseline and 3 months after the treatment the following parameters were recorded: pocket depth, Approximal Plaque Index, Modified Gingival Index, Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, bleeding on probing. Patients received scaling and root planing in two sessions at 24 hours interval. After the treatment, patients in the test group applied the hydrophobic adhesive chlorhexidine gel once a day, every other day, while in the control group the gel was used twice daily.Results. Both treatments resulted in significant improvement in all clinical indices, except Approximal Plaque Index, which deteriorated significantly in both groups. Three months after mechanical treatment, the mean probing depth changed in the test group from 4.16±0.45 mm to 2.80±0.42 mm, and in the control group from 4.16±0.30 to 2.69±0.19.Conclusions: Both adjunctive anti-infective therapies induced clinical improvement 3 months from baseline. The differences between the two treatments were not statistically significant.

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Adjunctive air-polishing with erythritol in nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a randomized clinical trial

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-020-01363-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Holger F. R. Jentsch ◽

Christian Flechsig ◽

Benjamin Kette ◽

Sigrun Eick

Keyword(s):

Test Group ◽

Nonparametric Tests ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Variables ◽

Air Polishing ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Attachment Level

Abstract Background This study was aimed to investigate if the adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during subgingival instrumentation (SI) has an effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. Methods Fourty-two individuals with periodontitis received nonsurgical periodontal therapy by SI without (controls, n = 21) and with adjunctive air-polishing using nozzle + erythritol powder (test, n = 21). They were analyzed for the clinical variables BOP (primary outcome at six months), probing depth (PD), attachment level, four selected microorganisms and two biomarkers at baseline, before SI as well as three and six months after SI. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests for intra- and intergroup comparisons. Results In both groups, the clinical variables PD, attachment level and BOP significantly improved three and six months after SI. The number of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group after six months. At six months versus baseline, there were significant reductions of Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola counts as well as lower levels of MMP-8 in the test group. Conclusions Subgingival instrumentation with adjunctive erythritol air-polishing powder does not reduce BOP. But it may add beneficial effects like reducing the probing depth measured as number of residual periodontal pocket with PD ≥ 5 mm when compared with subgingival instrumentation only. Clinical relevance The adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during SI may improve the clinical outcome of SI and may reduce the need for periodontal surgery. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered in the German register of clinical trials, DRKS00015239 on 6th August 2018, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL.

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Are Proteinase 3 and Cathepsin C Enzymes Related to Pathogenesis of Periodontitis?

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/420830 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Oya Türkoğlu ◽

Elif Azarsız ◽

Gülnur Emingil ◽

Necil Kütükçüler ◽

Gül Atilla

Keyword(s):

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Study Groups ◽

Aggressive Periodontitis ◽

Control Group ◽

Proteinase 3 ◽

Cathepsin C ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Inflammatory Processes ◽

Crevicular Fluid

Aim. Cathepsin C is the activator of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte-derived proteinase 3, which contributes to inflammatory processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) proteinase 3 and cathepsin C levels in periodontal diseases.Design. Eighteen patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 patients with gingivitis, and 18 healthy subjects were included in the study. Periodontal parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, papilla bleeding index, and plaque index were assessed in all study subjects. GCF proteinase 3 and cathepsin C levels were analyzed by ELISA.Results. GCF proteinase 3 total amount was significantly higher in diseased groups compared to control group, after adjusting ageP<0.05. No differences were found in GCF cathepsin C levels among the study groupsP>0.05. Periodontal parameters of sampling sites were positively correlated with GCF proteinase 3 total amountsP<0.01but not with cathepsin C total amountsP>0.05.Conclusions. Elevated levels of GCF proteinase 3 in CP, G-AgP, and gingivitis might suggest that proteinase 3 plays a role during inflammatory periodontal events in host response. However, cathepsin C in GCF does not seem to have an effect on the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.

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Shortening of bones using novel contraction osteogenesis device: An experimental study

International Dental Research ◽

10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

Hakan Ocak ◽

Erdem Kılıç ◽

Alper Alkan

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Latency Period ◽

Test Group ◽

Study Groups ◽

Skin Incision ◽

Alternative Methods ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Complication Rates

Aim: Given the high complication rates associated with orthognathic surgery for the correction of maxillomandibular malformations, studies have focused on alternative methods of strengthening the jaw, such as distraction osteogenesis. However, methods of shortening of the jaw are not well-elucidated in oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of a new method of shortening osteotomized jaws. Methodology: A 2.5–3 cm skin incision was made on the left tibia of each of 15 New Zealand white rabbits aged 12–18 months, followed by fixation of 15 mm pre-opened distractor devices to the tibia after osteotomy. After a five-day latency period, the distractors were activated to a total of 8 mm, with closure of the device set at a rate of 0.25 mm/day in the test group. After a five-day latency period, the distractors closed at a rate of 0.125 mm/day, achieving a total contraction of 5 mm. The distractors were not activated in the control group. The bone at the contraction range was evaluated, and the resultant shortening was measured. Results: The tibia was shortened by an average of 4.32 mm. Exaggerated bone formation was identified around the osteotomized cortical bone in all rabbits in the control and study groups, and there were minimal complication rates. Conclusion: This study verified that the jaw can be shortened by performing slow, controlled contraction with a bone resorption pattern. How to cite this article: Ocak H, Kılıç E. Alkan A, Shortening of the bones using a novel contraction osteogenesis device: An experimental study. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):26-31. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.5 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

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The treatment of chronic periodontitis by non-surgical periodontal therapy in association with diode laser compared to conventional non-surgical therapy

Journal of Advanced Health Care ◽

10.36017/jahc2003-008 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bellia Loredana ◽

Ruggiero Roberta ◽

Nicolò Michele

Keyword(s):

Surgical Treatment ◽

Diode Laser ◽

Surgical Therapy ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Baseline Test ◽

Mechanical Therapy ◽

Non Surgical Treatment

Mechanical surface treatment and removal of the above and subgingival biofilm (Tartar ablation; SRP) are considered the most suitable tools for the treatment of periodontal inflammatory diseases, with the aim of destroying bacterial bioflim, reducing bacteria, and slowing down recolonization by pathogenic microorganisms. Often, however, the only S&RP are not enough, as there are patients who are experiencing relapses. Recently, laser therapy has been suggested as a potential tool to improve the outcome of periodontal non-surgical treatment. The objective of the following study was to evaluate the clinical healing of periodontal pockets treated with mechanical therapy, scaling and root planing, and diode laser application, compared to that obtained with non-surgical mechanical therapy alone. The study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial. Patients in the control group (13 patients) underwent conventional non-surgical therapy only, while patients in the test group (17 patients) were associated with conventional non-surgical treatment, a laser irradiation session. At baseline and after 6 months, the parameters of probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival recession (REC) were assessed The main variable of this study was the PD (probing depth) FMPS and FMBS at follow-up improved in both groups. The FMPS baseline test group 32.59 ± 6.74 - follow up 12.00 ± 3.16. The baseline of the control group showed 33.00 ± 9.55, the follow up 13.15 ± 4.85 The FMBS baseline test group found 24.29 ± 5.01 while at follow 9.65 ± 2.69. The baseline control group 30.31 ± 7.74, Follow up 11.08 ± 2.33. There is a statistical significance. (P.VALUE 0.0001) There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of PD, CAL and BOP at baseline and at follow-up. PD Test group 4,89±1,58 3,95±0,85 0,0001 Control group 5,02±1,57 4,01±0,86 CAL (mm)Test group 0,89±2,29 0,77±1,91 Control group 0,28±1,38 0,24±1,14 REC Test group 0,19±0,49 0,19±0,51 Control group 0,06±0,29 0,57±029 BOP Test group 51,2% 23,5% Control group 54,0% 20,9% The results showed differences in both baseline and follow-up for REC. Test group 0,19±0,49 0,19±0,51-Control group0,06±0,29 0,57±029 In intra-group analyzes, there are differences between baseline and follow-up for all values, except for REC in the control group. The diode laser can be used as an appropriate device for periodontal treatments, but it can offer additional and significant benefits if used according to appropriate protocols and parameters, and especially if associated with non-surgical, manual and ultrasound periodontal instrumentation, always site-specific , as it is a tool that does not replace traditional methods.

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Effectiveness of a family-centered behavioral and educational counselling approach to improve periodontal health of pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-020-01265-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pei Liu ◽

Weiye Wen ◽

Ka Fung Yu ◽

Xiaoli Gao ◽

Edward Chin Man Lo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Oral Health Promotion ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

The Mean ◽

Family Centered

Abstract Background Poor oral hygiene and high hormone levels during pregnancy can lead to a deterioration in periodontal health. This study assessed the effectiveness of a family-centered behavioral and educational counselling program on improving the periodontal health of women during pregnancy and postpartum. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted among pregnant women (10th-22nd gestational week) and their husbands. Participating families were randomized into test and control groups. Intervention in the test group included explanation of oral health education (OHE) pamphlets, oral hygiene instruction, individualized feedback, and proposed solutions to overcome barriers in self-care. Reinforcements were implemented in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy and six months postpartum. In the control group, only OHE pamphlets were distributed. The assessed outcomes were bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket (Poc), loss of clinical attachment (LoA), and Visible Plaque Index (VPI). The data collection was carried out at baseline (T0), in the 32nd gestational week (T1), and 12 months postpartum (T2). Results Altogether 589 pregnant women were recruited, and 369 attended all three visits (test:188; control:181). In the test group, the mean VPI score at T0 was 0.19, which decreased to 0.14 at T1 and 0.15 at T2. In the control group, the mean VPI decreased from 0.19 at T0 to 0.16 at T1, but increased to 0.22 at T2. A main effect of time and intervention and an interaction between time and intervention were detected (all p < 0.05), indicating that the intervention effect differed between T1 and T2. The test group showed a significantly greater decrease over time than the control group did. Similarly, the mean BOP% decreased more significantly over time in the test group (T0:57%, T1:46%, T2:35%) than in the control group (T0:58%, T1:52%, T2:46%). For Poc and LoA, there were improvements in both study groups at 12 months postpartum, compared with during pregnancy (p < 0.001). Conclusions Providing family-centered, behavioral, and educational counselling to pregnant women at an early stage of pregnancy and with reinforcements can improve their oral hygiene and reduce gingival inflammation. The effect can be sustained over an extended period and is greater than that of distributing oral health leaflets alone. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT02937194. Registered 18 October 2016. Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02937194?cond=Family-centered+oral+health+promotion+for+new+parents+and+their+infants&draw=2&rank=1

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Clinical Evaluation of Intrabony Defects in Localized Aggressive Periodontitis Patients with and without Bioglass- An In-vivo Study

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v10i1.6906 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

KV Satyanarayana ◽

BR Anuradha ◽

G Srikanth ◽

P Mohan Chandra ◽

T Anupama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Glass ◽

Test Group ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Aggressive Periodontitis ◽

Control Group ◽

Defect Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis ◽

Attachment Level

Background Aggressive periodontitis is a specific type of periodontitis with clearly identifiable clinical characteristics such as “rapid attachment loss, bone destruction” and “familial aggregation”. Regeneration of mineralized tissues affected by aggressive periodontitis comprises a major scientific and clinical challenge. In recent years some evidence has been provided that bioactive glass is also capable of supporting the regenerative healing of periodontal lesions. Objective The aim of this clinical and radiological prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of bioactive glass in the treatment of intra-bony defects in patients with localized aggressive periodontitis. Methods Twelve localized aggressive periodontitis patients with bilaterally located three-walled intra-bony defect depth ? 2 mm, preoperative probing depths ? 5 mm were randomly treated either with the bioactive glass or without the bioactive glass. The clinical parameters plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, gingival recession, clinical attachment level, and mobility were recorded prior to surgery as well as 12 months after surgery. Intraoral radiographs were digitized to evaluate the bone defect depth at baseline and 12 months after the surgery. Results After 12 months, a reduction in probing depth of 3.92 + 0.313 mm (P <0.001) and a gain in clinical attachment level of 4.42+0358mm (P <0.001) were registered in the test group. In the control group, a reduction in probing depth of 2.5 +0.230mm (P <0.001) and a gain in clinical attachment level of 2.58 + 0.149 mm (P<0.001) was recorded. Radiographically, the defects were found to be filled by 2.587 + 0.218 mm (P <0.001) in the test group and by 0.1792 + 0.031mm (P <0.001) in the control group. Changes in gingival recession showed no significant differences. . Conclusion Highly significant improvements in the parameters Probing depth, Clinical attachment level, and Bone defect depth were recorded after 12 months, with regenerative material. KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL JOURNAL VOL.10 | NO. 1 | ISSUE 37 | JAN - MAR 2012 | 11-15 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i1.6906

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Adjunctive air-polishing with erythritol in nonsurgical periodontal therapy – a randomized clinical trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-47863/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Holger F.R. Jentsch ◽

Christian Flechsig ◽

Benjamin Kette ◽

Sigrun Eick

Keyword(s):

Test Group ◽

Nonparametric Tests ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Variables ◽

Air Polishing ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽

Attachment Level

Abstract Background: This study was aimed to investigate if the adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during subgingival instrumentation (SI) has an effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. Methods:Forty-two individuals with periodontitis received nonsurgical periodontal therapy by SI without (controls, n=21) and with adjunctive air-polishing using nozzle + erythritol powder (test, n=21). They were analyzed for the clinical variables BOP (primary outcome at six month), probing depth (PD), attachment level (AL), four selected microorganisms and two biomarkers at baseline, before SI as well as three and six months after SI. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests for intra- and intergroup comparisons. Results: In both groups, the clinical variables probing depth (PD), attachment level and BOP significantly improved three and six months after SI. The number of sites with PD ≥ 5mm was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group after six months. At six months vs. baseline, there were significant reductions of Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola counts as well as lower levels of MMP-8 in the test group. Conclusions:Subgingival instrumentation with adjunctive erythritol air-polishing powder does not reduce BOP. But it may add beneficial effects like reducing the probing depth measured as number of residual periodontal pocket with PD ≥ 5mm when compared with subgingival instrumentation only. Clinical relevanceThe adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during SI may improve the clinical outcome of SI and may reduce the need for periodontal surgery.

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Evaluation of PRF Efficiency in the Treatment of Infrabony Defects

PRILOZI ◽

10.2478/prilozi-2020-0025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 79-86

Author(s):

Jana Milutinovic ◽

Mirjana Popovska ◽

Biljana Rusevska ◽

Milan Nacevski ◽

Stefan Anastasovski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Flap Surgery ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Probing Depth ◽

Infrabony Defects ◽

Open Flap Debridement ◽

Attachment Level

AbstractAim: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of PRF in the treatment of infrabony defects in patients with chronic periodontitis by evaluating the clinical outcome through periodontal depth, clinical attachment level at the baseline, 6 and 9 months post operatively.Material and Methods: Sixty infrabony defects with probing depth ≥ 5 mm were treated. The inclusion criterion was the necessity for surgical bilateral maxillary treatment. By using split-mouth study design, each patient had one side treated with conventional flap surgery and the other side with conventional flap surgery and PRF. Clinical parameters, such as probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment lost (CAL), were recorded in both groups at baseline, 6 and 9 months post operatively.Results: Positive effects for all clinical and radiographic parameters were evident in the group with PRF. Mean PD reduction demonstrated statistically significant greater results in the test group (4.00±1.07 mm) compared to the control one (4.83±0.99 mm), p = 0.003 after 9 months postoperatively. After 9 months, there were better results in the test group compared to the control group for CAL (5.60±1.61 mm, 6.20±1.58 mm), but statistically not significant.Conclusion: Additional use of PRF in the conventional surgical treatment of infrabony defects demonstrated better parameters than the open flap debridement alone.

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Influence of Electronic Cigarettes on Selected Antibacterial Properties of Saliva

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4433 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dominika Cichońska ◽

Aida Kusiak ◽

Barbara Kochańska ◽

Jolanta Ochocińska ◽

Dariusz Świetlik

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Longitudinal Studies ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Study Groups ◽

Control Group ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Study Population

The aim of this study was to estimate changes in selected physicochemical properties of saliva collected from users of electronic cigarettes. Methods: The study population consisted of 120 patients (40 users of electronic cigarettes, 40 smokers of traditional cigarettes and 40 non-smokers). Laboratory tests included verification of saliva amount of lysozyme, lactoferrin and IgA. Results: Among e-cigarette users, statistically significant differences were observed in values of lysozyme and lactoferrin; however, no statistically significant differences for the IgA value were found. In the group of traditional cigarette smokers, statistically significant differences were observed among all tested parameters in relation to the control group. In relation to IgA, statistically significant differences were found between e-cigarette users and traditional cigarette smokers, to the disadvantage of the latter. Conclusion: Saliva of e-cigarette users showed changes of antibacterial properties in comparison to the control group and traditional cigarette smokers. Further longitudinal studies on larger study groups should be conducted in order to assess the effect of observed changes in the antibacterial properties of saliva on oral health.

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