scholarly journals A Case of Anaplasmosis during a Warm Minnesota Fall

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110058
Author(s):  
Kushal D. Khera ◽  
Danielle M. Southerland ◽  
Nathaniel E. Miller ◽  
Gregory M. Garrison
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Deer Hunting ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Tick Activity ◽  
Ixodes Ticks ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Local Weather

A healthy 33 year old male presented in December with a 3 week history of fever and fatigue. He had been deer-hunting in northern Minnesota 1 month prior and had sustained a tick bite. Extensive laboratory investigations and a lumbar puncture were conducted. He was empirically with doxycycline and had rapid improvement in his symptoms. Subsequently, PCR and serologic testing returned positive for Anaplasma phagocytophlium. Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne illness caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum and is typically seen in the warmer months. This patient’s presentation in December was uncommon for a tick-borne illness in Minnesota. Regional weather records demonstrated unseasonably warm temperatures during the patient’s trip. Ixodes ticks are known to be sensitive to temperature and humidity, which likely contributed to increased tick activity, leading to disease transmission. This case highlights the importance for clinicians to be aware of local weather patterns and how this might influence seasonal disease presentations.

Thucydides’ Take on the Corinthian Navy. οἵ τε γὰρ Κορίνθιοι ἡγήσαντο κρατεῖν εἰ µὴ καὶ πολὺ ἐκρατοῦντο, ‘The Corinthians believed they were victors if they were only just defeated’

Mnemosyne ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. McKenzie ◽  
Patricia A. Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Century ◽  
Peloponnesian War ◽  
North West ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
The Third ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Weather

Abstract This paper closely examines Thucydides’ presentation of three naval battles fought in the Corinthian Gulf and the battle of Sybota off north-west Greece, in order to show how his version of the action does not just stress the pervasive impression of Athenian dominance and downplay the Peloponnesian performance, but extends to characterising the Corinthian fleet in a surprisingly negative way. In the first battle he claims that they were ignorant of the local weather patterns, in the second of the underwater hazards, and after the third that ‘The Corinthians believed they were victors if they were only just defeated’. His account of the earlier battle off Corcyra is similarly flawed, since by focussing on the participants’ treaty obligations he fails to bring out the significance of the Corinthian naval victory for the history of Greek warfare. The reader of The Peloponnesian War is encouraged not to question Thucydides’ disparaging record of the Corinthian navy, as it reinforces his focus on a bipartite contest between Athens and Sparta. However, a case is made here for a more positive assessment of Corinthian involvement in the modified design of the trireme and the revision of naval tactics in the late fifth century BC.

Associations Between Local Weather Patterns and the Frequency of Sand Enteritis in an East Anglian Equine Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 16-16
Author(s):  
P.C. Compston ◽  
R. Moran ◽  
E. Packer ◽  
T.R.C. Greet ◽  
C.M. Marr
Keyword(s):  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Local Weather

scholarly journals Biological Transmission of Arboviruses: Reexamination of and New Insights into Components, Mechanisms, and Unique Traits as Well as Their Evolutionary Trends

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Kuno ◽  
Gwong-Jen J. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Unique Mode ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Available Information

SUMMARY Among animal viruses, arboviruses are unique in that they depend on arthropod vectors for transmission. Field research and laboratory investigations related to the three components of this unique mode of transmission, virus, vector, and vertebrate host, have produced an enormous amount of valuable information that may be found in numerous publications. However, despite many reviews on specific viruses, diseases, or interests, a systematic approach to organizing the available information on all facets of biological transmission and then to interpret it in the context of the evolutionary process has not been attempted before. Such an attempt in this review clearly demonstrates tremendous progress made worldwide to characterize the viruses, to comprehend disease transmission and pathogenesis, and to understand the biology of vectors and their role in transmission. The rapid progress in molecular biologic techniques also helped resolve many virologic puzzles and yielded highly valuable data hitherto unavailable, such as characterization of virus receptors, the genetic basis of vertebrate resistance to viral infection, and phylogenetic evidence of the history of host range shifts in arboviruses. However, glaring gaps in knowledge of many critical subjects, such as the mechanism of viral persistence and the existence of vertebrate reservoirs, are still evident. Furthermore, with the accumulated data, new questions were raised, such as evolutionary directions of virus virulence and of host range. Although many fundamental questions on the evolution of this unique mode of transmission remained unresolved in the absence of a fossil record, available observations for arboviruses and the information derived from studies in other fields of the biological sciences suggested convergent evolution as a plausible process. Overall, discussion of the diverse range of theories proposed and observations made by many investigators was found to be highly valuable for sorting out the possible mechanism(s) of the emergence of arboviral diseases.

Disturbo della condotta alimentare, ecchimosi e carenza di vitamina C

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Anna Attico ◽  
Alessandra Iacono ◽  
Loretta Biserna ◽  
Sara Brandolini ◽  
Federico Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Coagulation Disorders ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

The paper presents the case of a 16-year-old girl with a 6-month history of eating disorder, restrictive subtype and diffuse ecchymosis. Anamnestic history and laboratory investigations allowed excluding coagulation disorders and making the diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C deficiency is a rare disease but still sporadically described in children with unusual eating habits.

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF ACUTE FEBRILE ENCEPHALOPATHY CASES IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP PATIENTS: A STUDY FROM WESTERN RAJASTHAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
Laxmi Rathore ◽  
P. K. Khatri ◽  
Saroj K. Meena ◽  
Archana Bora ◽  
Suneel Bhooshan
Keyword(s):  
Lower Class ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Demographic Distribution ◽  
Viral Etiologies ◽  
Male To Female

Acute Febrile Encephalopathy is a clinical term used to describe patients presenting with short febrile illnesses with altered mental states. Demographic distribution plays an essential role in the diagnosis of viral etiologies. One hundred ve suspected AFE cases were enrolled in the study. A detailed history by predesigned performa and laboratory investigations was obtained for data collection. Viral etiology was diagnosed in 32 (30.48%) cases. The male to female ratio was 1.39:1. Total 56.25% of positive cases were from the lower class, 28.13% from the middle class, and 15.63% from the upper class. 24 (75%) cases from rural, while only 8 (25%) of the urban population showed viral etiologies. In 19 (59.4%) cases were either history of incomplete vaccination or not vaccinated, 13 (40.6%) cases had a history of complete immunization among positive cases. The predominant clinical feature was fever (100%) followed by seizures 66(62.86%), vomiting 37(35.24%), headache 14(13.33%), paresis in 16(15.24%) and altered sensorium in 29(27.62%), respectively. To conclude, the etiologic panorama of AFE varies with several factors such as time and demographical location, age, and immunization status. There is an urgent need to conduct more studies to prole the viral etiologies according to their prevalence in geographical areas so the treatment can be tailored accordingly and prophylaxis treatment or immunization can be boosted in the population at risk of getting the disease.

Fulminant varicella hepatitis: a rare but lethal cause of abdominal pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e244081
Author(s):  
Christopher Fang ◽  
Junice Wong ◽  
Wei Wen Ang
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Salient Points ◽  
Vesicular Rash ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Upper Abdominal

An 81-year-old woman with no history of immunocompromise presented with 2 days of upper abdominal pain associated with nausea. On arrival, her physical examination was unremarkable apart from mild epigastric and right hypochondriac tenderness, and laboratory investigations were unremarkable apart from mild thrombocytopenia and transaminitis. A CT scan performed on the day of admission revealed a tiny 0.3 cm stone in the common bile duct, with no upstream dilatation. On day 2 of admission, she developed a vesicular rash and with acutely worsening transaminitis. She deteriorated rapidly and demised from complications of acute liver failure within the next 24 hours. The diagnosis of varicella was confirmed with antibody testing. Fulminant varicella hepatitis is an extremely rare and lethal condition with only a handful of reported cases in the current literature. We aim to share our clinical experience and summarise the salient points from existing case reports.

scholarly journals Huntington`s Chorea - a Case Report and review of literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Anjum Iqbal ◽  
Nadeem Azam ◽  
Koukab Javed ◽  
Ghana Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Dementia ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Naval Hospital

A 45 years old gentleman presented to Medical Clinic of Naval Hospital (PNS Hafeez) Islamabad in January 2001 with choreform movements of the body and early dementia of six months duration. He had a strong family history of similar disease, which included his father and two brothers. On neurological examination he had choreoathetoid movements and features of early dementia. His chest was clinically clear and examination of heart and abdomen was normal. Eye examination did not reveal any evidence of Kayser-Fleischer rings (seen in Wilson`s disease). Laboratory investigations showed haemoglobin 13.8 Gm/dl, WBC 7.7 x10e9/L, serum urea 32 mg/dl, serum sodium 139 mmol/L serum potassium 3.8 mmol/L, ASO titre less than 200 IU/ml, serum bilirubin 6 umol/L, ALT 102 U/L, serum alkaline phosphatase 155 U/L, serum caeruloplasmin 42 mg/dl and serum copper 164 mmol/L (WNL). X-ray chest was normal and CT scan brain showed early generalized cerebral atrophy. He was managed with haloperidol (0.5mg) 12 hourly, Procyclidine (kemadrin, 5mg) 8 hourly and Propranolol (Inderal 10mg) 8 hourly. He was discharged from hospital with relative improvement after 2 weeks.

scholarly journals Homozygous SHBG Variant (rs6258) Linked to Gonadotropin-Independent Precocious Puberty in a Young Girl

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria C Andriessen ◽  
Marissa Lightbourne ◽  
Chelsi Flippo ◽  
Fabio R Faucz ◽  
Angela Delaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Young Girl ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Polycystic Ovaries ◽  
Shbg Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Peripheral Precocious Puberty

Abstract Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in the blood is a major determinant of bioactivity for key sex steroids such as testosterone and estradiol. Low serum levels of SHBG have been associated with obesity, polycystic ovaries and metabolic syndrome, and other states associated with hyperandrogenemia. A 9-year, 6-month-old girl presented with a history of peripheral precocious puberty and aggressive behavior. The patient’s SHBG level was remarkably low for her age, at less than 5 nmol/L [reference range for a girl with a bone age of 10 years, 73 nmol/L (SEM= 10)](1). Upon genetic and protein analysis, the patient was found to have a homozygous missense potentially pathogenic variant in the SHBG gene (c.554 C>T, p.P185L); her parents were asymptomatic heterozygote carriers. Laboratory investigations supported the possible involvement of this genetic alteration in the patient’s phenotype. Various analyses of this variant support its pathogenicity, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. In conclusion, we present a genetic SHBG variant in the homozygote state that may have been associated with gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty in a young girl.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in the cervids and feeding ticks from Lithuania

Biologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Radzijevskaja ◽  
Justina Snegiriovaitė ◽  
Artūras Kibiša ◽  
Irma Ražanskė ◽  
Algimantas Paulauskas
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Msp4 Gene ◽  
Ixodes Ticks ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Sequence Types

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a bacterial pathogen, which is a major cause of zoonotic disease, anaplasmosis. The main vectors of A. phagocytophilum are ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex. A. phagocytophilum has a broad geographic distribution and a high degree of biological and clinical diversity. Epidemiological studies in multiple countries have shown that the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum highly depends on the density of ticks and their potential hosts such as the cervids, which are one of the main sources of nutrition for Ixodes ticks. In Lithuania, the cervids are important game animals but their contribution as reservoirs for A. phagocytophilum remains unknown. The objectives of the study were to investigate the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infections in the cervids and feeding ticks and to characterize the A. phagocytophilum strains obtained from the cervids and ticks based on sequence analysis of msp4 gene. A total of 187 ticks were collected from 44 cervids (roe deer, red deer, and moose) harvested by professional hunters during the hunting seasons of 2010–2013 and 2016–2017 in Lithuania. Blood and spleen samples were collected from 29 animals (27 roe deer and two red deer). A. phagocytophilum DNA was identified in ten (37.04%) of the 27 roe deer. The overall prevalence of A. phagocytophilum in I. ricinus and D. reticulatus ticks was 39.3% (70/178) and 22.2% (2/9) respectively. The sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of A. phagocytophilum revealed nine different sequence types: five msp4 sequence types were detected in ticks and seven in roe deer.

scholarly journals An immigrant with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presenting with a rash: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1982961
Author(s):  
Connie Zhang ◽  
Megan A Sander
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Work Up

A 58-year-old woman from Zimbabwe, with a history of untreated human immunodeficiency virus, presented with leonine facies and a diffuse rash. The rash occurred in the context of a 1-year history of constitutional symptoms and cognitive decline. Laboratory investigations confirmed that her human immunodeficiency virus had progressed to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Through imaging, tissue biopsies, and polymerase chain reaction, a diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis was made. Since there was no history of travel and histoplasmosis is not locally endemic, the patient likely contracted this fungal infection more than 7 years ago, while living in Africa. We speculate that the histoplasmosis remained latent until her immune system began to decline. The work-up and management of this rare cutaneous presentation of a systemic disease, which should be added to the list of “great mimickers” in dermatology, are discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document