Does Entrepreneurship Contribute to Innovation Performance When Considering Spatial Spillover Effects? Evidence From the Automobile Industrial Cluster in China

Entrepreneurship, as one of the important factors to promote industrial innovation, is closely related to the development of the regional economy. Based on the methods of Kernel density and standard deviation ellipse, this article presents the spatio-temporal patterns of entrepreneurship and innovation performance. The article also examines the spatial spillover mechanism of entrepreneurship on innovation performance by establishing spatial Durbin models. The heterogeneous results of the spatial regression models in six clusters are also discussed. The final results show that the spatio-temporal patterns of entrepreneurship are gradually presenting three major hot spots and two secondary hot spots while the spatio-temporal patterns of innovation performance are presenting four major hot spots and a secondary hot spot; the spatial distribution of both entrepreneurship and innovation performance are changing regularly; the spillover effects of entrepreneurship and innovation performance are both significant; the spatial spillover mechanisms in six automobile industrial clusters are different. The results can provide empirical support for decision-making in the automobile industry in China in the future.

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SUBNORMAL BIRTHWEIGHT AND INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTANTS – A COMPARISON OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL HOT SPOT PATTERNS

Paediatrics & Child Health ◽

10.1093/pch/pxy054.099 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. e38-e38

Author(s):

Charlene Nielsen ◽

Carl Amrhein ◽

Jesus Serrano Lomelin ◽

Osmar Zaiane ◽

Alvaro Osornio Vargas

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Temporal Patterns ◽

Space Time ◽

Postal Code ◽

Birth Registry ◽

Time Pattern ◽

Increasing Trend

Abstract BACKGROUND Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight are the 2nd cause of infant death in Canada and have been increasing, especially in Alberta. Individual maternal risks are important but environmental exposures during pregnancy may restrict fetal growth. This contributes to small for gestational age (SGA: < tenth percentile weight for pregnancy duration) and low birth weight at term (LBWT: <2500 grams at ≥37 weeks-gestation). OBJECTIVES We examined the spatial-temporal patterns of SGA and LBWT with patterns of pollutants around conception, middle trimester, and birth. DESIGN/METHODS We aggregated postal code locations of mothers’ residences from the 2006–2012 birth registry in to space-time bins to analyze emerging hot spots. We applied the space-time pattern analysis on 70 industrial chemical emissions from the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) in estimated three month intervals. Then we statistically associated the classified patterns of SGA/LBWT with the pollutant patterns using the kappa statistic to determine how much the hot spot categories agree. The difference between kappa values indicated which trimester would be more important for which chemical. RESULTS There was an increasing trend for SGA (consecutive hot spots) and for LBWT (sporadic hot spots) in major urban centers. There was an increasing trend for 15 chemicals (varying hot spots). 28 chemical patterns had a kappa index greater than 0.2 with SGA or LBWT patterns. Although there is poor agreement between the space-time patterns, the maximum kappa values occurred mostly with LBWT and around birth. CONCLUSION Spatial-temporal patterns of chemicals identified in published literature (e.g. particulate matter and gases) agreed more with timing around conception; however, there were additional pollutants identified during the birth trimester. Our research is moving us toward a better understanding of the spatial-temporal link between environment and early health.

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SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF WORKFORCE IN INDIA DURING 1981-2011

ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF GEOGRAPHERS INDIA ◽

10.32381/atnagi.2018.38.02.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 239-254

Author(s):

M.B. SINGH ◽

◽

NITIN KUMAR MISHRA ◽

Keyword(s):

Temporal Patterns ◽

Spatio Temporal

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SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF STRONG SEISMIC ACTIVATIONS (1999-2007) IN THE NORTHERN BAIKAL AREA

Russian Geology and Geophysics ◽

10.15372/rgg2019103 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Temporal Patterns ◽

Spatio Temporal

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Spatial Hotspot Analysis of Bucharest’s Urban Heat Island (UHI) Using Modis Data

Annals of Valahia University of Targoviste Geographical Series ◽

10.2478/avutgs-2018-0002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 14-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Georgiana Grigoraș ◽

Bogdan Urițescu

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Land Surface Temperature ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Land Surface ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Monitoring Network ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Hotspot Analysis ◽

The City

Abstract The aim of the study is to find the relationship between the land surface temperature and air temperature and to determine the hot spots in the urban area of Bucharest, the capital of Romania. The analysis was based on images from both moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), located on both Terra and Aqua platforms, as well as on data recorded by the four automatic weather stations existing in the endowment of The National Air Quality Monitoring Network, from the summer of 2017. Correlation coefficients between land surface temperature and air temperature were higher at night (0.8-0.87) and slightly lower during the day (0.71-0.77). After the validation of satellite data with in-situ temperature measurements, the hot spots in the metropolitan area of Bucharest were identified using Getis-Ord spatial statistics analysis. It has been achieved that the “very hot” areas are grouped in the center of the city and along the main traffic streets and dense residential areas. During the day the "very hot spots” represent 33.2% of the city's surface, and during the night 31.6%. The area where the mentioned spots persist, falls into the "very hot spot" category both day and night, it represents 27.1% of the city’s surface and it is mainly represented by the city center.

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The family Orthotrichaceae (Bryophyta) in flora of Russia: results of revision and biogeographical review

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2018.52.2.519 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 519-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. E. Fedosov

Keyword(s):

Hot Spots ◽

Latitudinal Gradient ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Spatial Differentiation ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Undescribed Species ◽

Longitudinal Gradient ◽

Biogeographic Pattern ◽

The Family ◽

North Pacific Region

Recent studies on Orthotrichoid mosses in Russia are summarized genus by genus. Orthotrichum furcatum Otnyukova is synonymized with Nyholmiella obtusifolia. Orthotrichum vittii is excluded from the Russian moss flora. Description of O. dagestanicum is amended. Fifty four currently recognized species from 9 genera of the Orthotrichaceae are presently known to occur in Russia; list of species with common synonyms and brief review of distribution in Russia is presented. Numerous problematic specimens with unresolved taxonomy were omitted for future. Revealed taxonomical inconsistencies in the genera Zygodon, Ulota, Lewinskya, Nyholmiella, Orthotrichum are briefly discussed. Main regularities of spatial differentiation of the family Orthotrichaceae in Russia are considered. Recently presented novelties contribute to the certain biogeographic pattern, indicating three different centers of diversity of the family, changing along longitudinal gradient. Unlike European one, continental Asian diversity of Orthotrichaceae is still poorly known, the Siberian specimens which were previously referred to European species in most cases were found to represent other, poorly known or undescribed species. North Pacific Region houses peculiar and poorly understood hot spot of diversity of Orthotrichoid mosses. Thus, these hot spots are obligatory to be sampled in course of revisions of particular groups, since they likely comprise under-recorded cryptic- or semi-cryptic species. Latitudinal gradient also contributes to the spatial differentiation of the revealed taxonomic composition of Orthotrichaceae.

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