Spatial Hotspot Analysis of Bucharest’s Urban Heat Island (UHI) Using Modis Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiana Grigoraș ◽  
Bogdan Urițescu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
The City

Abstract The aim of the study is to find the relationship between the land surface temperature and air temperature and to determine the hot spots in the urban area of Bucharest, the capital of Romania. The analysis was based on images from both moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS), located on both Terra and Aqua platforms, as well as on data recorded by the four automatic weather stations existing in the endowment of The National Air Quality Monitoring Network, from the summer of 2017. Correlation coefficients between land surface temperature and air temperature were higher at night (0.8-0.87) and slightly lower during the day (0.71-0.77). After the validation of satellite data with in-situ temperature measurements, the hot spots in the metropolitan area of Bucharest were identified using Getis-Ord spatial statistics analysis. It has been achieved that the “very hot” areas are grouped in the center of the city and along the main traffic streets and dense residential areas. During the day the "very hot spots” represent 33.2% of the city's surface, and during the night 31.6%. The area where the mentioned spots persist, falls into the "very hot spot" category both day and night, it represents 27.1% of the city’s surface and it is mainly represented by the city center.

scholarly journals Spring Frost Damage to Tea Plants Can Be Identified with Daily Minimum Air Temperatures Estimated by MODIS Land Surface Temperature Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Peijuan Wang ◽  
Yuping Ma ◽  
Junxian Tang ◽  
Dingrong Wu ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Minimum Air Temperature

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most dominant economic plants in China and plays an important role in agricultural economic benefits. Spring tea is the most popular drink due to Chinese drinking habits. Although the global temperature is generally warming, spring frost damage (SFD) to tea plants still occurs from time to time, and severely restricts the production and quality of spring tea. Therefore, monitoring and evaluating the impact of SFD to tea plants in a timely and precise manner is a significant and urgent task for scientists and tea producers in China. The region designated as the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) in China is a major tea plantation area producing small tea leaves and low shrubs. This region was selected to study SFD to tea plants using meteorological observations and remotely sensed products. Comparative analysis between minimum air temperature (Tmin) and two MODIS nighttime land surface temperature (LST) products at six pixel-window scales was used to determine the best suitable product and spatial scale. Results showed that the LST nighttime product derived from MYD11A1 data at the 3 × 3 pixel window resolution was the best proxy for daily minimum air temperature. A Tmin estimation model was established using this dataset and digital elevation model (DEM) data, employing the standard lapse rate of air temperature with elevation. Model validation with 145,210 ground-based Tmin observations showed that the accuracy of estimated Tmin was acceptable with a relatively high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.841), low root mean square error (RMSE = 2.15 °C) and mean absolute error (MAE = 1.66 °C), and reasonable normalized RMSE (NRMSE = 25.4%) and Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (EF = 0.12), with significantly improved consistency of LST and Tmin estimation. Based on the Tmin estimation model, three major cooling episodes recorded in the "Yearbook of Meteorological Disasters in China" in spring 2006 were accurately identified, and several highlighted regions in the first two cooling episodes were also precisely captured. This study confirmed that estimating Tmin based on MYD11A1 nighttime products and DEM is a useful method for monitoring and evaluating SFD to tea plants in the MLRYR. Furthermore, this method precisely identified the spatial characteristics and distribution of SFD and will therefore be helpful for taking effective preventative measures to mitigate the economic losses resulting from frost damage.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations of Daytime Land Surface Temperature and Their Underlying Drivers over Wuhan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xuelei Wang ◽  
Xiaobin Cai ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Xiaorong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature Difference ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Rapid urbanization greatly alters land surface vegetation cover and heat distribution, leading to the development of the urban heat island (UHI) effect and seriously affecting the healthy development of cities and the comfort of living. As an indicator of urban health and livability, monitoring the distribution of land surface temperature (LST) and discovering its main impacting factors are receiving increasing attention in the effort to develop cities more sustainably. In this study, we analyzed the spatial distribution patterns of LST of the city of Wuhan, China, from 2013 to 2019. We detected hot and cold poles in four seasons through clustering and outlier analysis (based on Anselin local Moran’s I) of LST. Furthermore, we introduced the geographical detector model to quantify the impact of six physical and socio-economic factors, including the digital elevation model (DEM), index-based built-up index (IBI), modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), population, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on the LST distribution of Wuhan. Finally, to identify the influence of land cover on temperature, the LST of croplands, woodlands, grasslands, and built-up areas was analyzed. The results showed that low temperatures are mainly distributed over water and woodland areas, followed by grasslands; high temperatures are mainly concentrated over built-up areas. The maximum temperature difference between land covers occurs in spring and summer, while this difference can be ignored in winter. MNDWI, IBI, and NDVI are the key driving factors of the thermal values change in Wuhan, especially of their interaction. We found that the temperature of water area and urban green space (woodlands and grasslands) tends to be 5.4 °C and 2.6 °C lower than that of built-up areas. Our research results can contribute to the urban planning and urban greening of Wuhan and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the city.

scholarly journals Near–surface air temperature and snow skin temperature comparison from CREST-SAFE station data with MODIS land surface temperature data

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 7665-7687 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Pérez Díaz ◽  
T. Lakhankar ◽  
P. Romanov ◽  
J. Muñoz ◽  
R. Khanbilvardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Near Surface

Abstract. Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a key variable (commonly studied to understand the hydrological cycle) that helps drive the energy balance and water exchange between the Earth's surface and its atmosphere. One observable constituent of much importance in the land surface water balance model is snow. Snow cover plays a critical role in the regional to global scale hydrological cycle because rain-on-snow with warm air temperatures accelerates rapid snow-melt, which is responsible for the majority of the spring floods. Accurate information on near-surface air temperature (T-air) and snow skin temperature (T-skin) helps us comprehend the energy and water balances in the Earth's hydrological cycle. T-skin is critical in estimating latent and sensible heat fluxes over snow covered areas because incoming and outgoing radiation fluxes from the snow mass and the air temperature above make it different from the average snowpack temperature. This study investigates the correlation between MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST data and observed T-air and T-skin data from NOAA-CREST-Snow Analysis and Field Experiment (CREST-SAFE) for the winters of 2013 and 2014. LST satellite validation is imperative because high-latitude regions are significantly affected by climate warming and there is a need to aid existing meteorological station networks with the spatially continuous measurements provided by satellites. Results indicate that near-surface air temperature correlates better than snow skin temperature with MODIS LST data. Additional findings show that there is a negative trend demonstrating that the air minus snow skin temperature difference is inversely proportional to cloud cover. To a lesser extent, it will be examined whether the surface properties at the site are representative for the LST properties within the instrument field of view.

scholarly journals The Effects of Green Roofs on Outdoor Thermal Comfort, Urban Heat Island Mitigation and Energy Savings

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guglielmina Mutani ◽  
Valeria Todeschi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

There is growing attention to the use of greenery in urban areas, in various forms and functions, as an instrument to reduce the impact of human activities on the urban environment. The aim of this study has been to investigate the use of green roofs as a strategy to reduce the urban heat island effect and to improve the thermal comfort of indoor and outdoor environments. The effects of the built-up environment, the presence of vegetation and green roofs, and the urban morphology of the city of Turin (Italy) have been assessed considering the land surface temperature distribution. This analysis has considered all the information recorded by the local weather stations and satellite images, and compares it with the geometrical and typological characteristics of the city in order to find correlations that confirm that greenery and vegetation improve the livability of an urban context. The results demonstrate that the land-surface temperature, and therefore the air temperature, tend to decrease as the green areas increase. This trend depends on the type of urban context. Based on the results of a green-roofs investigation of Turin, the existing and potential green roofs are respectively almost 300 (257,380 m2) and 15,450 (6,787,929 m2). Based on potential assessment, a strategy of priority was established according to the characteristics of building, to the presence of empty spaces, and to the identification of critical areas, in which the thermal comfort conditions are poor with low vegetation. This approach can be useful to help stakeholders, urban planners, and policy makers to effectively mitigate the urban heat island (UHI), improve the livability of the city, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and gain thermal comfort conditions, and to identify policies and incentives to promote green roofs.

Recent Trends in Land Surface Temperature on the Tibetan Plateau

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2995-3003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Oku ◽  
Hirohiko Ishikawa ◽  
Shigenori Haginoya ◽  
Yaoming Ma
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Diurnal Range

Abstract The diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variations in land surface temperature (LST) on the Tibetan Plateau from 1996 to 2002 are analyzed using the hourly LST dataset obtained by Japanese Geostationary Meteorological Satellite 5 (GMS-5) observations. Comparing LST retrieved from GMS-5 with independent precipitation amount data demonstrates the consistent and complementary relationship between them. The results indicate an increase in the LST over this period. The daily minimum has risen faster than the daily maximum, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal range of LST. This is in agreement with the observed trends in both global and plateau near-surface air temperature. Since the near-surface air temperature is mainly controlled by LST, this result ensures a warming trend in near-surface air temperature.

Study on Urban Thermal Environment based on Diurnal Temperature Range

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Guo ◽  
Miaomiao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Diurnal Range ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

<p>Diurnal temperature range (includes land surface temperature diurnal range and near surface air temperature diurnal range) is an important meteorological parameter, which is a very important factor in the field of the urban thermal environmental. Nowadays, the research of urban thermal environment mainly focused on surface heat island and canopy heat island.</p><p>Based on analysis of the current status of city thermal environment. Firstly, a method was proposed to obtain near surface air temperature diurnal range in this study, difference of land surface temperature between day and night were introduced into the improved temperature vegetation index feature space based on remote sensing data. Secondly, compared with the district administrative division, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the diurnal range of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature.</p><p>The conclusions of this study are as follows:</p><p>1 During 2003-2012s, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range of Beijing were fluctuating upward. The rising trend of the near surface air temperature diurnal range was more significant than land surface temperature diurnal range. In addition, the rise and decline of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in different districts were different. In the six city districts, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in the six areas of the city were mainly downward. The decline trend of near surface air temperature diurnal range was more significant than land surface temperature diurnal range.</p><p>2 During 2003-2012s, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range of Beijing with similar characteristics in spatial distribution, with higher distribution land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in urban area and with lower distribution of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in the Northwest Mountainous area and the area of Miyun reservoir.</p>

scholarly journals Estimation of Daily Air Temperature Based on MODIS Land Surface Temperature Products over the Corn Belt in the US

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 951-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linglin Zeng ◽  
Brian Wardlow ◽  
Tsegaye Tadesse ◽  
Jie Shan ◽  
Michael Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Corn Belt ◽  
Modis Land Surface Temperature ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Thermal Remote Sensing: A tool to Determine Temporal Land Surface Temperature in Hawassa City, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikias Biazen Molla
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Landsat 8 Oli ◽  
Thermal Remote Sensing ◽  
The City

Abstract This investigation was conducted for the estimation of the temporal land surface temperature value using thermal remote sensing of Landsat-8 (OLI) Data in Hawassa City Administration, Ethiopia. Satellite datasets of Landsat-7 (ETM+) for 22nd March 2002 and Landsat-8 (OLI) of 22nd March 2019 were taken for this study. Different algorisms were used to estimate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index threshold from the Red and Near-Infrared band and the ground earth's surface emissivity esteem is legitimately recovered from the thermal infrared by coordinating with the outcome got from MODIS information. The land use land cover map of the city was prepared with better accuracy using the on-screen classification technique. The spatial distribution of surface temperature of the city range from 6.62°C to 22.54°C with a mean of 14.58°C and a standard deviation of 11.25 in the year of march 22nd 2002. The LST result derived from Landsat 8 for March 22nd, 2019, ranges from 11.97°C to 35.5°C with a mean of 23.735 °C and a standard deviation of 16.64. In both years the higher LST values correspond to built-up/settlement and bare/open lands of the city; whereas, lower LST values were observed in vegetation (trees/woodlot, shrubs, and grass forested) area. Urban expansion (built-up area roads, and another impervious surface), decline in vegetation levels due to deforestation and increasing population density. Increasing an evergreen tree and green space coverage, design and develop city parks and rehabilitate the existing degraded natural environments are among the recommended strategy to reduce the rate of LST.

scholarly journals ZONEAMENTO DAS ÁREAS COM MAIOR PROPENSÃO PARA ADOECIMENTO PELA DENGUE NA REGIÃO INTRA-URBANA DE MONTES CLAROS (MG) A PARTIR DE VARIÁVEIS SÓCIOAMBIENTAIS E GEOESTATÍSTICA

GEOgraphia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego de Sousa Ribeiro Fonseca ◽  
Ricardo Alexandrino Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Predictive Variables ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
The City

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as áreas que têm tido maior propensão para ocorrência de infectados pela dengue na cidade Montes Claros-MG. A metodologia consistiu na aquisição de dados relativos ao número de infectados pela dengue, por bairros, nos anos 2015, 2016 e 2017; obtenção dos Índices Breteaures sobre infestação larvária pelo Aedes aegypti nos respectivos anos; uso de imagens de satélite para estimação da temperatura de superfície (TSE); aquisição de dados sobre elevação do terreno e renda familiar. Posteriormente, foi realizada a organização do banco de dados; emprego da análise descritiva; aplicação da regressão linear múltipla e da interpolação. O uso do modelo regressivo múltiplo, StepWise progressivo, para seleção das variáveis preditoras, com maior poder para explicação dos surtos de dengue ocorridos no período, mostrou-se eficiente, permitindo que fosse operacionalizada a co-krigagem, a qual trouxe as regiões sob maior probabilidade da ocorrência de infectados pela dengue. Genericamente, a infestação larvária pelo Aedes aegypti tem acontecido na porção oeste, enquanto a infecção pela dengue tem maior propensão na porção leste da cidade.Palavras-chave: infectados; infestação larvária; temperatura de superfície; altitude; renda domiciliar. ZONNING AREAS WITH THE BIGGEST PROPENTION TO SICK PEOPLE BY DENGUE IN THE MONTES CLAROS CITY (MG) USING SOCIO ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES AND GEOSTATISTICS Abstract: The objective of this work was to delimitation the determinats areas with the most propention to occurrence of sick peoples by dengue in the Montes Claros city, Minas Gerais. The methodology was consists in the acquisition of databases relateded at infects numbers by dengue, by neighborhoods, betwen the years 2015, 2016 and 2017; obtaining of Breteau Index about larval infestation by Aedes aegypti in the related years; use of satelities imagery to estimation of land surface temperature (LST); acquisition of databases about land elevation and familiar income. In the next time, was realize the organization of databases; employing the descriptive analysis; application of multiple linear regretion and interpolation of files. The use of regressive model, progressing StepWise, to selection of predictive variables, with more po explication power to disease outbreaks in the period, showed efficient, and this was permited the operationabilization of the co-kriging, which brought the regions with the more probability to dengue infectation. Overall, the larval infestation by the Aedes aegypti had happened on the west side, while the infectation by dengue have been more propention on the east side of the city, two portions in different economic situations, where the western part concentrates the population with the highest income. This factor denotes the fragility of the low-income population in terms of public health and their greater lack of strategic attention.Keywords: infected; larval infestation; land surface temperature; elevation; familiar income. ZONIFICACIÓN DE UBICACIONES CON MAYOR PROPENSIÓN PARA DENGUE DENTRO DE LA CIUDAD DE MONTES CLAROS (MG) A PARTIR DE VARIABLES SOCIOAMBIENTALES Y GEOSTATISTICAS Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las áreas que han sido más propensas a la ocurrencia de infectados por la dengue en la ciudad Montes Claros-MG. La metodología consistió en adquirir datos sobre el número de personas infectadas por dengue, en los barrios, en los años 2015, 2016 y 2017; obtención de los Índices de Breteaures sobre infestación larvaria por Aedes aegypti en los años respectivos; uso de imágenes de satélite para estimar la temperatura de la superficie (TS); adquisición de datos sobre elevación del terreno e ingresos familiares. Posteriormente, se organizó la base de datos; se hizo uso de análisis descriptivo; aplicación de interpolación y regresión lineal múltiple. El uso del modelo regresivo múltiple, progresivo StepWise, para seleccionar las variables predictoras, con mayor poder para explicar lo fenómeno de la dengue ocurridos en el período, resultó ser eficiente, permitiendo la operacionalización de la co-kriging, lo que llevó a las regiones bajo mayor probabilidad de personas infectadas con dengue. Generalmente, la infestación de larvas por el Aedes aegypti ha ocurrido en la parte occidental, mientras que la infección por la dengue es más probable en la parte oriental de la ciudad, dos partes en situaciones económicas diferentes, donde la parte occidental concentra la población de mayores ingresos. Este factor denota la fragilidad de la población de bajos ingresos en materia de salud pública y su mayor falta de atención estratégica.Palabras Clave: infectado; infestación de larvas; temperatura de la superficie; altitud; ingresos del hogar.

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