scholarly journals Substance Use and Mental Health Outcomes During Emerging Adulthood Among Individuals With Different Patterns of Child Maltreatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-547
Author(s):  
Kate Guastaferro ◽  
Bethany C. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Health Disorders

The aim of the current study was to identify patterns of child maltreatment experienced prior to age 18 and examine the relationship between those patterns and substance use and mental health disorders among emerging adults. Data were from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III. The analytic sample consisted of 5,194 adults between 18 and 25 years old. Latent class analysis revealed a three-class model: Rare Maltreatment (59%); Occasional Maltreatment, Rare Sexual Abuse (37%); and Frequent Maltreatment, Some Sexual Abuse (4%). Risk of substance use disorders and poor mental health was higher for the two classes who experienced maltreatment; however, those with Frequent Maltreatment had higher risk of poor mental health, but not substance use disorders compared to those with Occasional Maltreatment. Patterns of child maltreatment are important predictors of substance use and mental health disorders in emerging adulthood, but different patterns may necessitate specific intervention efforts.

Anhedonia and Substance Use Disorders by Type, Severity, and With Mental Health Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Stull ◽  
Jeremiah W. Bertz ◽  
David H. Epstein ◽  
Bethany C. Bray ◽  
Stephanie T. Lanza
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Health Disorders

Yoga for Mental Health Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-198
Author(s):  
Bhargav Hemant ◽  
Rashmi Arasappa ◽  
Inbaraj G. ◽  
Kaviraja Udupa ◽  
Shivarama Varambally
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Yoga Therapy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Disorders

This chapter is divided into four subsections: the first section of the chapter provides an update on current evidence for yoga therapy in common mental health disorders, the second section provides brief overview on neurophysiological abnormalities in psychiatric disorders and their relationship with psychological stress, the third section deals with summary of evidence for neurophysiological effects of yoga in mental health disorders, and the last section emphasizes on practical aspects of yoga therapy with details of clinically useful yoga practices for common mental health disorders. The mental health disorders covered in this chapter include depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, child and adolescent psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, and geriatric psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals 272Transdiagnostic Risk and Protective Factors for Psychopathology in Young People: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miss Samantha Lynch ◽  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Nicola C Newton ◽  
Cath Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Health Disorders

Abstract Focus of Presentation Mental health and substance use disorders are among the leading causes of burden of disease worldwide. These disorders often emerge during adolescence, with risk of onset peaking between the ages 13 and 24. Despite decades of research, the underlying causes of mental health disorders remain unclear. This in part may be due to limitations of existing, categorical diagnostic systems, such as low specificity demonstrated by the high rates of co-occurring mental health disorders. A growing body of research supports a move towards dimensional, empirically derived models of psychopathology, such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (Hi-TOP) model. The present systematic review seeks to identify risk and protective factors for psychopathology in young people that occur across traditional diagnostic categories by synthesising and evaluating findings from research investigating empirically based models of psychopathology. Findings Findings will be summarised in a narrative synthesis and grouped by broad research domain, such as genetic, neurobiological, cognitive social and environmental. Conclusions/Implications The implications of these findings for the development of prevention and early intervention programs will be discussed. Key messages Empirically based models of psychopathology provide a vital opportunity to advance our knowledge of the risk and protective factors for mental health and substance use disorders, and in turn lead to the development or enhancement of prevention programs.

Comorbidity in Pediatric PTSD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor G. Carrión ◽  
John A. Turner ◽  
Carl F. Weems
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Health Disorders

The current chapter focuses on the idea that the constructs reviewed in the previous chapters such as executive function, emotion regulation, and memory processing abnormalities are not unique to PTSD. Many of the neurobiological correlates of PTSD are also found in depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. The research reviewed in the current chapter suggests that the constructs of executive function, emotion regulation, and memory processing abnormalities may underlie these conditions and define core mechanisms across mental health disorders. Future directions, such as a shift in the field to incorporate neuroscience into personalized treatment for PTSD, as well as current imperatives, such as the need to assess for trauma histories in differential diagnosis, are discussed.

scholarly journals Receipt of medications for opioid use disorder among youth engaged in primary care: data from 6 health systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Bagley ◽  
Laura Chavez ◽  
Jordan M. Braciszewski ◽  
Mary Akolsile ◽  
Denise M. Boudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Medication Treatment ◽  
Health Disorders

Abstract Purpose Little is known about prevalence and treatment of OUD among youth engaged in primary care (PC). Medications are the recommended treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) for adolescents and young adults (youth). This study describes the prevalence of OUD, the prevalence of medication treatment for OUD, and patient characteristics associated with OUD treatment among youth engaged in PC. Methods This cross-sectional study includes youth aged 16–25 years engaged in PC. Eligible patients had ≥ 1 PC visit during fiscal years (FY) 2014–2016 in one of 6 health systems across 6 states. Data from electronic health records and insurance claims were used to identify OUD diagnoses, office-based OUD medication treatment, and patient demographic and clinical characteristics in the FY of the first PC visit during the study period. Descriptive analyses were conducted in all youth, and stratified by age (16–17, 18–21, 22–25 years). Results Among 303,262 eligible youth, 2131 (0.7%) had a documented OUD diagnosis. The prevalence of OUD increased by ascending age groups. About half of youth with OUD had documented depression or anxiety and one third had co-occurring substance use disorders. Receipt of medication for OUD was lowest among youth 16–17 years old (14%) and highest among those aged 22–25 (39%). Conclusions In this study of youth engaged in 6 health systems across 6 states, there was low receipt of medication treatment, and high prevalence of other substance use disorders and mental health disorders. These findings indicate an urgent need to increase medication treatment for OUD and to integrate treatment for other substance use and mental health disorders.

scholarly journals Substance Use and Symptoms of Mental Health Disorders: a Prospective Cohort of Patients With Severe Substance Use Disorders in Norway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christer Frode Aas ◽  
Jørn Henrik Vold ◽  
Rolf Gjestad ◽  
Svetlana Skurtveit ◽  
Aaron G. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Over Time

Abstract BackgroundThere is high co-occurrence of substance use disorders (SUD) and mental health disorders. We aimed to assess impact of substance use patterns and sociodemographic factors on mental health distress using the ten-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-10) over time.MethodsNested prospective cohort study of 707 participants with severe SUD across nine opioid-agonist-therapy outpatient clinics and low-threshold municipality clinics in Norway, during 2017-2020. Descriptive statistics were derived at baseline and reported by means and standard deviation (SD). A linear mixed model analysis was used to assess the impact of substance use patterns and sociodemographic factors on SCL-10 sum score with beta coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsMean (SD) SCL-10 score was 2.2 (0.8) at baseline with large variations across patients. We observed more symptoms of mental health disorders among people with frequent use of benzodiazepines (beta 3.6, CI:2.4;4.8), cannabis (1.3, CI:0.2;2.5), opioids (2.7, CI:1.1;4.2), and less symptoms among people using frequently stimulants (-2.7, CI:-4.1;-1.4) compared to no or less frequent use. Females (1.8, CI:0.7;3.0) and participants with debt worries (2.2, CI:1.1;3.3) and unstable living conditions (1.7, CI:0.0;3.3) had also higher burden of mental health symptoms. There were large individual variations in SCL-10 score from baseline to follow-up, but no consistent time trends indicating change over time for the whole group. 65 % of the cohort had a mean score >1.85, the standard reference score.ConclusionsPeople with SUD are considerably more likely to have symptoms of mental health disorders compared to the general population. The lack of association between substance use patterns on change in mental health symptoms over time could suggest that the differences observed were indicating flattening of effects or self-medication to larger degree than medication-related decline in mental health. This call for better individualized mental health assessment and patient care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document