Serum interleukin 6 and cancer antigen 125 in the non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Prasong Tanmahasamut ◽  
Ratthiporn Preukthanathorn ◽  
Chongdee Dangrat
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Combined Test

Background: The role of interleukin 6 in endometriosis has been extensively studied but results were inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of serum interleukin 6 and serum cancer antigen 125 for non-invasive diagnosis of endometriosis. Methods: In this prospective diagnostic study, 100 reproductive women who underwent laparoscopy were studies. Patients were divided into endometriosis group (n = 60) and control group (n = 40). Blood samples were taken preoperatively for analysis of serum interleukin 6 and cancer antigen 125 levels. Results: Level of serum interleukin 6 and cancer antigen 125 in endometriosis group were significantly higher than those in control group (1.93 versus <1.50 pg/mL and 41.85 versus 11.86 IU/mL, respectively). A cutoff level of interleukin 6 at 1.52 pg/mL provided sensitivity of 63.3%, specificity of 55%, positive predictive value of 67.9%, and negative predictive value of 50%. The threshold level of cancer antigen 125 at 31 IU/mL had sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 69%. The combined test had sensitivity of 86.7%, specificity of 60%, positive predictive value of 76.5%, and negative predictive value of 75%. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of serum interleukin 6, cancer antigen 125, and combined test were 0.614, 0.945, and 0.945, respectively. Conclusion: Serum interleukin 6 is not suitable to be a candidate of serum marker for the diagnosis of endometriosis. Serum cancer antigen 125 is better than interleukin 6 for detection of endometriosis stage III/IV. Both of them had low performance for diagnostic test in minimal to mild endometriosis. The combined test does not add more benefit than using cancer antigen 125 alone.

scholarly journals Role of cancer antigen-125 in diagnosing malignant adnexal masses: a prospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4074
Author(s):  
Shazia Ashraf Khan ◽  
Shaista Rahi ◽  
Nahida Khan
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Adnexal Masses

Background: Adnexal masses present a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma across age-groups. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) in distinguishing between benign and malignant adnexal masses.Methods: This was a prospective, observational, single tertiary-care center study, done in North India from January, 2011 till December, 2012. Serum CA-125 levels was obtained preoperatively in consecutive patients presenting with ultrasonography confirmed adnexal masses. The cut-off value between benign and malignant was taken as 35 IU/ml. Histopathological diagnosis was obtained in all patients.Results: A total of 126 patients presented with adnexal masses, of which 100 were enrolled (mean age: 37.5±14.4 years, range: 18-80 years). Most of the masses were benign 81% (malignant=19%). Dermoid cyst (25.9%) and endometriomas (21%) were the most common benign masses. Serous (21%) and mucinous cystadeno-carcinoma (15.8%) were the most common malignant masses, more often seen in elderly, married, parous and post-menopausal patients. Mean CA-125 levels were significantly higher in malignant masses (257.30 [105.68-408.92] versus 19.26 [16.53-22.00], p<0.001). Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of CA-125 for diagnosing malignant adnexal mass was 94.7%, 87.65%, 64.28%, 98.6%, and 88.91% respectively. The same was 100%, 85.1%, 54.5%, 100%, 87.3% in premenopausal and 85.7%, 100%, 100%, 93.3%, 95.2% in postmenopausal women respectively.Conclusion: Benign masses form the bulk of the adnexal masses in all age groups. CA-125 levels has high sensitivity and negative predictive value in premenopausal patients while as high specificity and positive predictive value in postmenopausal patients.

scholarly journals Can Tc-99m labeled erythrocyte scintigraphy be an alternative non-invasive method to endometriosis diagnosis?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Fatih Demirel ◽  
Gokhan Koca ◽  
Koray Demirel ◽  
Huseyin Aydogmus ◽  
Aylin Akbulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteer ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pelvic Mri ◽  
Endometrial Gland ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Background: Endometriosis is defined as the implantation of endometrial gland and stroma ectopically outside the uterus. Clinically, it is a hormone dependent benign disease accompanied by pelvic pain and infertility. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the activated implants with 99m-Tc labeled erythrocyte scintigraphy (99mTc-RBCs) in patients with recurrent endometriosis and compare the results with pelvic MRI results.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed histopathologically as endometriosis either with operation and / or therapeutic laparascopy or laparotomy and, were included to present study. Thirty patients, who were diagnosed as recurrence by clinical, and laboratory terms and 10 healthy volunteer (control group) patients were included in the study. Between the second and fifth days of menstruation when the endometriotic lesions were highly activated, radionuclide imaging was performed by 99mTc-RBCs and compared with pelvic MRI findings.Results: In 27 patients out of 30 patients (90%) pathological accumulation of radioactivity foci with 99mTc-RBCs were present. The focal pathological accumulation was significant in 26 patients and moderate in 1 patient. In 22 patients (81.5%) the increased radioactivity accumulation in radionuclide images was concordant with MRI images. Regarding the MRI as reference, the sensitivity of 99mTc-RBCs was determined as 96%, specificity 29%, positive predicitive value 81% and negative predictive value was 66%.Conclusions: Imaging of endometriosis regions with 99m-Tc-RBCs can be an alternative diagnostic procedure for the patients with recurrent endometriosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Accuracy of Human Kallikrein6, Cancer Antigen125, and Human Epididymis 4 in Predicting Ovarian Cancer

2017 ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Yongki Wenas ◽  
Ketut Suwiyoga ◽  
I Nyoman H Sanjaya
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Human Epididymis ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Histopathology Examination

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of hK6, HE4, and CA125 in predicting the malignancy of ovarian mass. Methods: The design of this study was cross-sectional. This study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, between the period of September 2014 and August 2016. Samples were all patients with ovarian tumors who underwent surgery at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Data analysis was performed using McNemar and chi square test in SPSS for windows version 17.0. Results: 22 samples were obtained. P > 0.05 value of age and parity variables indicated no differences between the two groups. There is no accuracy differences (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) of hK6 compared to histopathology examination in diagnosing ovarian cancer (p = 1). There is no accuracy differences (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) of HE4 compared to histopathology examination in diagnosing ovarian cancer (p = 1). There is no accuracy difference (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) of CA125 compared to histopathology examination in diagnosing ovarian cancer (p = 0.687). Conclusion: There was no accuracy differences (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) found between hK6, CA125, HE4 compared to histopathology examination in predicting ovarian cancer. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-2: 110-113] Keywords: cancer antigen 125, human epididymis-4, human kallikrein 6, ovarian cancer

scholarly journals Comparison between Invasive & Non-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation of Tuberculous Peritonitis In Our Prospective

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Md Naushad Ali ◽  
Rehana Parvin ◽  
Md Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
AKM Mazharul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Non Invasive

This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of gastroenterology, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur from January 2014 to July 2014 to compare between Invasive & Non-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation of Tuberculosis Peritonitis In our prospective in clinically suspected patients. Total 30 patients (age 39.69±21.26, 18M/12F) with clinical suspicion of peritoneal tuberculosis were included in this study after analyzing selection criteria. Laparoscopic peritoneal biopsy with 'histopathological' diagnosis was considered as gold standard against which accuracies non-invasive test of two biomarkers (ADA & CA-125) were compared. Cut off value of ADA and CA-125 is 24 U/l, 35 U/ml respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ADA as a diagnostic modality in peritoneal tuberculosis were 87.5%, 83.33%, 95.45%, 62.5% and 86.67% respectively whereas CA-125 was found to have 83.33% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 86.9% positive predictive value, 42.85% negative predictive value and 76.6% accuracy. Both biomarkers were simple, non-invasive, rapid and relatively cheap diagnostic test whereas laparoscopy was an invasive procedure, costly & requires trained staff and not without risk and also not feasible in the entire centre in our country. So ascitic fluid ADA and serum CA-125 was important non-invasive diagnostic test for peritoneal tuberculosis.Medicine Today 2015 Vol.27(2): 20-22

scholarly journals NON-INVASIVE TOOLS TO ASSESS THE RISK OF VARICES-NEEDING-TREATMENT IN CIRRHOSIS SECONDARY TO HCV

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Laima Alam ◽  
Farrukh Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Non Invasive

Objective: To assess the non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis for predicting varices-needing-treatment in patients with cirrhosis secondary to chronic-hepatitis-C. Study Design: Cross sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. Methodology: A total of 153 patients aged 18-79 with cirrhosis, whether compensated or decompensated, secondary to chronic-hepatitis-C were enrolled. Relevant serum tests were used to calculate non-invasive fibrosis indices and their diagnostic performance to predict the presence of varices and varices-needing-treatment was calculated. Results: King’s score showed the best performance in detecting varices due to high positive predictive value of 96.4% and positive likelihood ratio of 2.4. Overall, all the non-invasive fibrosis indices exhibited good performance with positive predictive value >85% but none could rule out the presence of varices with adequate reliability due to low negative-predictive-value (<65%). King’s score exhibited relatively higher positive-predictivevalue (70%) and negative predictive value (51.1%) and the lowest negative-likelihood-ratio (0.6) for predicting varices needing treatment. Taken together, none of the non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis could predict the presence of varices-needing-treatment with adequate accuracy due to low positive-predictive-value (<85%) andlow negative-predictive-value (<65%). Conclusion: The calculated non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis and their optimum cutoff values showed modest accuracy for predicting varices and varices-needing-treatment. These indices may be used as first-line screening method for segregation of clinically significant portal hypertension and high risk esophageal varices-needingtreatment but may not be able to replace the gold standards like Fibroscan liver and Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient measurements.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Niacin Skin Flush Test for Diagnosing Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arzanlou ◽  
◽  
Alireza Armanikian ◽  
Omid Saed ◽  
Faramarz Dobakhti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Evaluation Time ◽  
Concentration Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objectives: This study aims to investigate niacin sensitivity in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy people and examine the accuracy of niacin skin flush test in diagnosing schizophrenia. Methods: This diagnostic study was conducted in 2018 in Zanjan, Iran. Three niacin concentrations (0.001 M, 0.01 M, and 0.1 M) was first applied topically to the skin of 36 schizophrenia patients and 33 healthy controls. Flush responses were evaluated at 10 and 15 min after application. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of the test were measured for each niacin concentration and evaluation time. Results: At 10 min, the highest test accuracy was reported when 0.001 M niacin solution was used (Sensitivity=94%, specificity=50%, PPV= 51%, and NPV= 94%). At 15 min, the highest test accuracy was observed at 0.01 concentration (Sensitivity=52%, specificity=92%, PPV=79%, and NPV=77%). Conclusion: Flush responses to niacin is more impaired in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, niacin can be considered as a biological marker of schizophrenia and can be used for its diagnosis.

scholarly journals Serum NGAL in Critically Ill Children in ICU from a Single Center in Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa Mohammed Youssef ◽  
Asmaa Mohammed Esh ◽  
Ebthag Helmy Hassan ◽  
Tahia Mohammed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin

Introduction. The mortality and morbidity associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), unfortunately, remain unacceptably high. We aimed to detect the extent of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) to early detect AKI in critically ill children. Subjects and Methods. This is a case control study. It included 75 subjects that include 15 as controls and 60 critically ill children. Patients were further subdivided according to RIFLE criteria into two other categories: patients who developed AKI and patients who did not develop AKI. Serum NGAL assayed on admission and after 3 days. Results. There was significant increase in the level of NGAL among patients group when compared with control group. Also, 21.7% of children admitted to PICU developed AKI from which 8.3% needed dialysis. The receiver operating characteristic curve of NGAL at day 0 revealed AUC of 0.63 with 95% CI of 0.50–0.77. At a cutoff value of 89.5 ng/mL, the sensitivity of NGAL was 84.6%, while specifcity was 59.6%, positive predictive value was 36.7%, negative predictive value was 68.4%, and accuracy was 93.3% in diagnosis of AKI. Conclusion. We found that NGAL acts as a sensitive marker rather than a specific one for AKI. At the same time, it presents as a negative predictive value more valuable than being a positive predictive value in detecting AKI.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound in Palpable Breast Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1196-1200
Author(s):  
Manish Raj Pathak ◽  
Mahesh Gautam ◽  
Rashmita Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Palpable Breast ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer related mortality in females around the world. Ultrasound plays a key role in differentiating cystic and solid lesions and is a convenient and non-invasive diagnostic tool to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in palpable breast lesions. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with palpable breast lesions who presented in Department of radio diagnosis and imaging of Nobel Medical collegefor a period of one-year from February 2019- January 2020 using ultrasound. A total of 60 patientswereevaluated in the study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated. Results: Out of 60 patients evaluated, ultrasound showed 46 (76.7%) cases to be benign and 14 (23.3%) cases to be malignant. FNAC revealed benign disease in 47 (78.3%) patients and malignant disease in 13 (21.7%) patients. The most common benign lesion was fibroadenoma. We found nearly 91.7% of the malignant lesions had spiculated margins and microcalcification. The sensitivity of ultrasound was 95.74% and specificity 92.3% with diagnostic accuracy 95%. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a convenient and non-invasive diagnostic tool with good sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy in palpable breast lesions.

CYFRA 21-1 as a novel diagnostic serum biomarker in pancreatic cancer.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
Jung Hoon Kim ◽  
Joon Cheol Song ◽  
Jung Hyun Kwon ◽  
Dae Kyun Kim ◽  
Dong Wook Jekarl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intermediate Filament Proteins ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

191 Background: CYFRA 21-1 is a fragment of cytokeratin 19, a structure protein and part of intermediate filament proteins contributing to stability of epithelial cells. Serum concentration of CYFRA 21-1 is known to be elevated in many types of epithelial malignancies, and especially it has a prognostic and predictive value in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We assessed serum CYFRA 21-1 and studied its clinical significance in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods: The sera from 52 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer was collected between May 2012 and August 2013 at Incheon St. Mary’s hospital, Catholic University of Korea, School of Medicine and was measured for CYFRA 21-1 and CA 19-9. 48 patients had an advanced disease at presentation, 2 patients had a locally advanced disease, and 2 patients presented with a local disease. Control blood samples were obtained from 31 healthy individuals and 48 patients with nonmalignant hepatic or pancreatobiliary disease. We measured CYFRA 21-1 using two-step sandwich, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, Architect i2000SR (Abbott Laboratories, Ltd., Il, USA). Results: Serum concentration of CYFRA 21-1 was significantly elevated in patients with pancreatic cancer compared with control group. (p=.000) CYFRA 21-1 ( >1.96 ng/ml as determined by the ROC curve) had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 86.5%, 79.7%, 73.8%, 90% for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, CA 19-9 ( >35 U/ml determined by our institute’s criteria) had a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 67.3%, 89.9%, 69.1%, 81.6%. The area under curve for CYFRA 21-1 and CA 19-9 was 86.3% and 81.5%, respectively. Conclusions: CYFRA 21-1 has a potential to become a novel serum biomarker for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Serum concentration of CYFRA 21-1 in combination with CA 19-9 can be useful in clinical practice to diagnose pancreatic cancer.

Evaluation in the predictive value of serum human epididymal protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) and a combination of both in detecting ovarian malignancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beng Hock Teh ◽  
Soon Leong Yong ◽  
Wee Wee Sim ◽  
Kim Bee Lau ◽  
Haris Njoo Suharjono
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Pelvic Mass ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Ovarian Malignancy ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of human epididymal protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) and a combination of both via the Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) in detecting ovarian malignancy. Methods This was a diagnostic study enrolling 129 patients with pelvic mass(es) suspected of originating in the ovary who had been scheduled for surgery or radiological-guided biopsy. Serum HE4 and CA 125 levels were measured. HE4, CA 125 and ROMA were evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots were graphed and area under the curve (AUC) values were calculated to investigate the accuracy of each marker for predicting ovarian malignancy. Results Overall, CA 125 remained significantly more sensitive (88.9% vs. 51.9%, p = 0.006) but less specific (56.9% vs. 95.1%, p < 0.001) than HE4. HE4 was superior to CA 125 in specificity (97.7% vs. 54.5%, p < 0.001) for premenopausal women. ROMA was non-significantly more sensitive (100.0% vs. 92.3%, p = 1.000) than CA 125 but both were equally specific (71.4%) for the postmenopausal group. In the premenopausal group, the AUC of serum HE4 was higher than serum CA 125 (0.851 vs. 0.817) but was equivalent to ROMA (0.851 vs. 0.859). In the postmenopausal group, ROMA exhibited an excellent AUC value as compared to CA 125 and HE4 (AUC of 0.907 vs. 0.874 vs. 0.863, respectively). Conclusion HE4 is useful in ruling out ovarian malignancy among premenopausal women. For postmenopausal women, ROMA appears to be an all-rounder with overall good sensitivity and specificity.

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