scholarly journals Comparison between Invasive & Non-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation of Tuberculous Peritonitis In Our Prospective

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Md Naushad Ali ◽  
Rehana Parvin ◽  
Md Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
AKM Mazharul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Non Invasive

This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of gastroenterology, Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur from January 2014 to July 2014 to compare between Invasive & Non-Invasive Diagnostic Evaluation of Tuberculosis Peritonitis In our prospective in clinically suspected patients. Total 30 patients (age 39.69±21.26, 18M/12F) with clinical suspicion of peritoneal tuberculosis were included in this study after analyzing selection criteria. Laparoscopic peritoneal biopsy with 'histopathological' diagnosis was considered as gold standard against which accuracies non-invasive test of two biomarkers (ADA & CA-125) were compared. Cut off value of ADA and CA-125 is 24 U/l, 35 U/ml respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ADA as a diagnostic modality in peritoneal tuberculosis were 87.5%, 83.33%, 95.45%, 62.5% and 86.67% respectively whereas CA-125 was found to have 83.33% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 86.9% positive predictive value, 42.85% negative predictive value and 76.6% accuracy. Both biomarkers were simple, non-invasive, rapid and relatively cheap diagnostic test whereas laparoscopy was an invasive procedure, costly & requires trained staff and not without risk and also not feasible in the entire centre in our country. So ascitic fluid ADA and serum CA-125 was important non-invasive diagnostic test for peritoneal tuberculosis.Medicine Today 2015 Vol.27(2): 20-22

scholarly journals Role of ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) and serum CA-125 in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ali ◽  
NC Nath ◽  
R Parvin ◽  
A Rahman ◽  
TM Bhuiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cross Sectional

This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of gastroenterology, BIRDEM, Dhaka from January 2010 to May 2011 to determine the role of ascitic fluid ADA and serum CA-125 in the diagnosis of clinically suspected tubercular peritonitis. Total 30 patients (age 39.69±21.26, 18M/12F) with clinical suspicion of tuberculosis peritonitis were included in this study after analyzing selection criteria. Laparoscopic peritoneal biopsy with ‘histopathological diagnosis’ was considered gold standard against which accuracics of two biomarkers (ADA & CA-125) were compared. Cut off value of ADA and CA-125 are 24 u/l, 35 U/ml respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of ADA as a diagnostic modality in tuberculos peritonitis were 87.5%, 83.33%, 95.45%, 62.5% and 86.67% respectively where as CA-125 was found to have 83.33% sensitivity, 50% specificity, 86.9% positive predictive value, 42.85% negative predictive value and 76.6% accuracy. Both biomarkers are simple, non-invasive, rapid and relatively cheap diagnostic test where as laparoscopy is an invasive procedure, costly & requires trained staff and not without risk and also not feasible in all the centre in our country. So ascitic fluid ADA and serum CA-125 are important diagnostic test for peritoneal tuberculosis.Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40 (3): 89-91

scholarly journals Role of cancer antigen-125 in diagnosing malignant adnexal masses: a prospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4074
Author(s):  
Shazia Ashraf Khan ◽  
Shaista Rahi ◽  
Nahida Khan
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Antigen 125 ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Adnexal Masses

Background: Adnexal masses present a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma across age-groups. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) in distinguishing between benign and malignant adnexal masses.Methods: This was a prospective, observational, single tertiary-care center study, done in North India from January, 2011 till December, 2012. Serum CA-125 levels was obtained preoperatively in consecutive patients presenting with ultrasonography confirmed adnexal masses. The cut-off value between benign and malignant was taken as 35 IU/ml. Histopathological diagnosis was obtained in all patients.Results: A total of 126 patients presented with adnexal masses, of which 100 were enrolled (mean age: 37.5±14.4 years, range: 18-80 years). Most of the masses were benign 81% (malignant=19%). Dermoid cyst (25.9%) and endometriomas (21%) were the most common benign masses. Serous (21%) and mucinous cystadeno-carcinoma (15.8%) were the most common malignant masses, more often seen in elderly, married, parous and post-menopausal patients. Mean CA-125 levels were significantly higher in malignant masses (257.30 [105.68-408.92] versus 19.26 [16.53-22.00], p<0.001). Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of CA-125 for diagnosing malignant adnexal mass was 94.7%, 87.65%, 64.28%, 98.6%, and 88.91% respectively. The same was 100%, 85.1%, 54.5%, 100%, 87.3% in premenopausal and 85.7%, 100%, 100%, 93.3%, 95.2% in postmenopausal women respectively.Conclusion: Benign masses form the bulk of the adnexal masses in all age groups. CA-125 levels has high sensitivity and negative predictive value in premenopausal patients while as high specificity and positive predictive value in postmenopausal patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Nahar ◽  
MA Quddus ◽  
A Sattar ◽  
M Shirin ◽  
A Khatun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasonography ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasonography

This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2008 to June 2010 to compare the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasonography and transabdominal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of clinically suspected cases of ectopic pregnancy. Initially 60 patients with clinical suspicion of ectopic pregnancy were included in this study after analyzing selection criteria 30 patients underwent both transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasonography. ‘Histopathological diagnosis’ was considered gold standard against which accuracies of two diagnostic modalities were compared. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography as a diagnostic modality in evaluation of suspected ectopic pregnancy were 73.1%, 75%, 95%, 30% and 73.3% respectively where as transvaginal ultrasonography was found to have 92.3% sensitivity, 75% specificity, 96% positive predictive value, 60% negative predictive value and 90% accuracy. Transvaginal ultrasonography was superior to transabdominal ultrasonography in the evaluation of suspected ectopic pregnancies .so, transvaginal ultrasonography is important for early and accurate diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v39i3.20309 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2013; 39: 104-108

scholarly journals Immunocytochemistry Test of Protein BRAF Expression for Diagnosis of Well Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Wayan Sudarsa ◽  
Elvis Deddy Kurniawan Pualillin ◽  
Putu Anda Tusta Adiputra ◽  
Ida Bagus Tjakra Wibawa Manuaba
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Inclusion Criteria

Background: Thyroid carcinoma generally has a good prognosis. The main focus of current research on thyroid carcinoma is to increase the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. When the result of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is indeterminate, clinicians often have doubts in determining the surgical management. Objective: Protein BRAF expression analysis can help improve the accuracy of FNAB and optimize the management of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Methods: This study is a diagnostic test performed from October 2016 at Sanglah General Hospital with 38 patients as subjects who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Data is being presented in descriptive form before diagnostic test is done to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and the accuracy of immunocytochemistry test for BRAF on indeterminate thyroid nodule. Results: Thirty-eight samples met the inclusion criteria during the study period. Three samples were male (7.9%) and 35 samples (92.1%) were female. The mean age of the sample was 45.21 years (SD ±10.910 years) with ages ranging from 23 to 66 years. Of the 12 samples undergoing isthmolobectomy, 7 samples (58.4%) were determined to be malignant from histopathological results. The sensitivity value of BRAF immunocytochemistry test is 45.45% with a specificity value of 81.25%, a positive predictive value of 76.92%, a negative predictive value of 52% and an accuracy of 60.50%. Analysis of the receiver operator (ROC) curve shows the area under the curve (AUC) of 63.4% with a confidence interval of 45.5–81.2%. Conclusion: Immunocytochemistry BRAF test have a reliable diagnostic value and can be taken into consideration in the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid malignancies.

scholarly journals Accuracy of High Resolution Sonography in Diagnosis of Fibroadenosis Compared with Histopathological Diagnosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Mashah Binte Amin ◽  
Tarana Yasmin ◽  
Khaleda Parvin Rekha ◽  
Rushaida Haque Leeba ◽  
Nasima Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Fibrocystic Disease ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Breast Condition ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Test Result

Background: Fibrocystic breast condition is a common, non-cancerous condition that affects premenopausal woman between 20 and 50 years of age. Because of non-specific nature of clinical presentation, diagnosis is not that easy. Linear array sonography has been helpful for detection of mammary dysplasia.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of superficial sonography in the diagnosis of chronic cystic mastitis.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in department of Radiology & Imaging of Enam Medical College and Hospital during June 2013 to October 2017. Sonography was done in 1350 women suspected of having fibrocystic disease. Among them FNAC was done only in 1020 cases. Ultrasonographic findings and histopathological reports were analyzed using SPSS 13.0.Results: According to our study the sensitivity of superficial sonography was 92.4%, specificity 88.8%, positive predictive value 93.8%, negative predictive value 86.4% and accuracy 91% in the diagnosis of fibrocystic changes.Conclusion: With the validity test result, it can be concluded that high frequency sonography provides an accurate diagnosis of fibroadenosis.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(3): 139-143

scholarly journals Utility of the methylated SEPT9 test for the early detection of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Hariharan ◽  
Mark Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

BackgroundCirculating tumour DNA from colorectal cancer (CRC) is a biomarker for early detection of the disease and therefore potentially useful for screening. One such biomarker is the methylated SEPT9 (mSEPT9) gene, which occurs during CRC tumourigenesis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to establish the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of mSEPT9 tests for the early diagnosis of CRC.MethodsA systematic search of the relevant literature was conducted using Medline and Embase databases. Data were extracted from the eligible studies and analysed to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic test accuracy.ResultsBased on 19 studies, the pooled estimates (and 95% CIs) for mSEPT9 to detect CRC were: sensitivity 69% (62–75); specificity 92% (89–95); positive likelihood ratio 9.1 (6.1–13.8); negative likelihood ratio 0.34 (0.27–0.42); diagnostic OR 27 (15–48) and area under the curve 0.89 (0.86–0.91). The test has a positive predictive value of 2.6% and negative predictive value of 99.9% in an average risk population (0.3% CRC prevalence), and 9.5% (positive predictive value) and 99.6% (negative predictive value) in a high-risk population (1.2% CRC prevalence).ConclusionThe mSEPT9 test has high specificity and moderate sensitivity for CRC and is therefore a potential alternative screening method for those declining faecal immunochemical test for occult blood (FIT) or other screening modalities. However, it is limited by its poor diagnostic performance for precancerous lesions (advanced adenomas and polyps) and its relatively high costs, and little is known about its acceptability to those declining to use the FIT.

scholarly journals Role of laparoscopy in the Etiologic Diagnosis of Ascites of Unknown Origin

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Anup Sharma ◽  
P. Thapa ◽  
S. N. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Etiologic Diagnosis

Introduction: Ascites is a consequence of many different etiologies, such as liver cirrhosis, neoplasm, tuberculous peritonitis, pyogenic peritonitis, congestive heart failure, renal and pancreatic diseases but, in some situations, ascites is of unknown cause in spite of comprehensive study. The aim of this study was to identify the role of laparoscopy in the etiological diagnosis of ascites of unknown origin.Methods: This was a prospective study of the patients who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy to determine the causes of ascites of unknown origin in the Department of Surgery, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital from April 2012 to May 2014. All the patients underwent laparoscopy for the evaluation of ascites after appropriate clinical and laboratory examinations, which failed to reveal the cause.Results: Peritoneal tuberculosis and carcinomatosis peritonei were the two most common causes found in 37.14% and 57.14% of cases respectively. The average age of the patients was 52 years. Distension of abdomen, abdominal pain and weight loss were the most frequently observed symptoms in 33 patients (100%), 26 patients (74.28%) and 18 patients (51.42%) respectively. The CT scan findings, were a omental thickening in 28 cases (80%), peritoneal nodules in 7(20%) patients and the intraabdominal lymph nodes in 13 patients (39.39%). Ovarian mass was found in 4 patients (11.42%). The histological diagnosis was a peritoneal carcinomatosis in 13 (37.14%) patients and peritoneal tuberculosis in 20 (57.1%) patients and in two patients nonspecific inflammation. The sensitivity and specificity of laparoscopic diagnosis in the diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis were 78.67% and 98.6% respectively and in the diagnosis of peritoneal carcinomatosis were 94.78% and 72.2% respectively. The positive predictive value was 97.3% and the negative predictive value was 73.7% for peritoneal tuberculosis and for peritoneal carcinomatosis the positive predictive value was 83.7% and negative predictive value was 94.87%.Conclusion: The etiologic diagnosis of ascites of unknown origin is difficult despite the availability of several tests. Laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy has still got a role in diagnosing these types of ascites where the other laboratory and imaging studies fail to reveal the cause.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 13-16

The Kim Test

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1188-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Ho Kim ◽  
Jun-Sic Park ◽  
Woong-Kyo Jeong ◽  
Seong-Kee Shin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Labral Lesion ◽  
Posterior Shoulder ◽  
Interexaminer Reliability ◽  
Test Result

Background Detection of a posteroinferior labral lesion by physical examination is often difficult. Purpose To introduce a novel diagnostic test for detecting a posteroinferior labral lesion of the shoulder. Hypothesis The Kim test can detect a posteroinferior labral lesion of the shoulder. Study Design Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 1. Methods In 172 painful shoulders, the Kim test was compared with the jerk test and was verified by arthroscopic examination. A sudden onset of posterior shoulder pain and click with or without clunk indicated a positive test result. Results Thirty-three shoulders had a positive Kim test result, in which 24 had a posteroinferior labral lesion and 9 had a normal posteroinferior labrum. Of 139 shoulders with a negative Kim test result, 6 had a posteroinferior labral tear and 133 had a normal posteroinferior labrum. The sensitivity of the Kim test was 80%, specificity was 94%, positive predictive value was 0.73, and negative predictive value was 0.96. The interexaminer reliability between 2 examiners was 0.91. The accuracy of the jerk test in detecting a posteroinferior labral lesion was the following: sensitivity, 73%; specificity, 98%; positive predictive value, 0.88; and negative predictive value, 0.95. The location of the posterior labral lesion was predominantly posterior in 19 shoulders and predominantly inferior in 11 shoulders. The Kim test was more sensitive in detecting a predominantly inferior labral lesion, whereas the jerk test was more sensitive in detecting a predominantly posterior labral lesion. The sensitivity in detecting a posteroinferior labral lesion increased to 97% when the 2 tests were combined. Conclusion The Kim test is a reliable diagnostic test for detection of a posteroinferior labral lesion.

scholarly journals NON-INVASIVE TOOLS TO ASSESS THE RISK OF VARICES-NEEDING-TREATMENT IN CIRRHOSIS SECONDARY TO HCV

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Laima Alam ◽  
Farrukh Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Non Invasive

Objective: To assess the non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis for predicting varices-needing-treatment in patients with cirrhosis secondary to chronic-hepatitis-C. Study Design: Cross sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. Methodology: A total of 153 patients aged 18-79 with cirrhosis, whether compensated or decompensated, secondary to chronic-hepatitis-C were enrolled. Relevant serum tests were used to calculate non-invasive fibrosis indices and their diagnostic performance to predict the presence of varices and varices-needing-treatment was calculated. Results: King’s score showed the best performance in detecting varices due to high positive predictive value of 96.4% and positive likelihood ratio of 2.4. Overall, all the non-invasive fibrosis indices exhibited good performance with positive predictive value >85% but none could rule out the presence of varices with adequate reliability due to low negative-predictive-value (<65%). King’s score exhibited relatively higher positive-predictivevalue (70%) and negative predictive value (51.1%) and the lowest negative-likelihood-ratio (0.6) for predicting varices needing treatment. Taken together, none of the non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis could predict the presence of varices-needing-treatment with adequate accuracy due to low positive-predictive-value (<85%) andlow negative-predictive-value (<65%). Conclusion: The calculated non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis and their optimum cutoff values showed modest accuracy for predicting varices and varices-needing-treatment. These indices may be used as first-line screening method for segregation of clinically significant portal hypertension and high risk esophageal varices-needingtreatment but may not be able to replace the gold standards like Fibroscan liver and Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient measurements.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF CA-125 IN PATIENTS WITH EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER AT THE DR. SOETOMO GENERAL HOSPITAL SURABAYA IN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Kintan Putri ◽  
Betty Agustina Tambunan ◽  
Willy Sandhika
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Ovarian Malignancy

Ovarian cancer is the fourth cancer with most incidence in Indonesian female with 10.238 cases in 20141. Tumor marker CA-125 is assosciated with ovarian cancer, importantly epithelial ovarian cancer. This study aims to find out diagnostic value (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value) of CA-125 among patients with epithelial ovarian cancer in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2016. This study used analytic cross sectional method and was performed by evaluating medical records of patients suspected for ovarian malignancy in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2016. There were total 97 patients found fit for criteria of inclusion in this study. Tissue histopathological examination confirmed 66 patients have epithelial ovarian malignancy and 31 patients do not. Samples distributed using 35 U/ml as CA-125 upper limit, TP: 54.64%, FP: 19.59%, FN: 13.40%, dan TN: 12.37%. Diagnostic value obtained as follows: sensitivity 80.30%, spesificity 38.71%, positive predictive value 73.61%, negative predictive value 48%, and accuracy 67.01%. Tumor marker associated with ovarian cancer CA-125 has found high in sensitivity but low in specificity among patients with epithelial ovarian cancer in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2016.

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