scholarly journals The foot abduction characteristics following Steenbeek foot abduction brace

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949901668408
Author(s):  
Anil Agarwal ◽  
Anubrat Kumar ◽  
Madhusudan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Knee Position ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Purpose: We prospectively investigated the foot abduction characteristics following Steenbeek foot abduction brace (SFAB) use in corrected clubfeet. The foot abduction achievable in SFAB with knee flexion and extension was calculated to find the effectiveness and stretch exerted by it. Methods: Only children with corrected idiopathic clubfeet using SFAB for greater than 3 months were enrolled. The foot abduction with and without brace in knee extended and flexed positions was measured. Hip range of motion (ROM) with and without brace was also recorded. Results: The average age of 42 children ( 62 feet) was 24.25 months (range: 5–48 months). There was difference in foot abduction of 22.2° in knee extension and flexion with SFAB on. A significant change in foot stretch of 25.5° observed when the knee was moved from extended to flexed position indicated SFAB dynamicity. The SFAB was found to be an effective orthosis as it brought the corrected clubfoot into maximum abduction permissible in the foot during the phase of knee flexion. The tibial rotation accounted for a major component (61%) of apparent foot abduction with the brace on. A hip ROM of 52.2° was required for SFAB function. Conclusion: SFAB is a dynamic brace that functions better in flexed knee position. It is able to induce a near equivalent actual abduction available in the foot in flexed position of knee. There is a significant component of tibial external rotation in SFAB-induced foot abduction. SFAB function is also dependent on hip mechanics.

Patient Self-Assessed Passive Range of Motion of the Knee Cannot Replace Health Professional Measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 829-834
Author(s):  
Frank Madsen ◽  
Anders Odgaard ◽  
Jens Borgbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Flexion Contracture ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Patient Self Assessment

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients can accurately self-assess their knee passive range of motion (PROM). A picture-based questionnaire for patient self-assessment of knee PROM was developed and posted to patients. The self-assessed PROM from 58 patients was compared with surgeon-assessed PROM using a short-arm goniometer. Agreement between the measurement methods was calculated with the Bland-Altman method. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of patient-assessed PROM in dichotomously detecting knee motion impairment in both flexion (≤ 100 degrees) and extension (≥ 10-degree flexion contracture). Surgeon- and patient-assessed knee PROM showed a mean difference (95% limits of agreement) of −2.1 degrees (−42.5 to 38.3 degrees) for flexion and −8.1 degrees (−28.8 to 12.7 degrees) for extension. The sensitivity of patient self-assessed PROM in identifying knee flexion and extension impairments was 86 and 100%, respectively, whereas its specificity was 84 and 43%, respectively. Although wide limits of agreement were observed between surgeon- and patient-assessed knee PROM, the picture-based questionnaire for patient assessment of knee ROM was found to be a valid tool for dichotomously detecting knee motion impairment in flexion (≤ 100 degrees). However, the specificity of the questionnaire for detection of knee extension impairments (≥ 10-degree flexion contracture) was low, which limits is practical utility for this purpose.

scholarly journals Hip Range of Motion and Strength and Energy Flow During Windmill Softball Pitching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen D. Oliver ◽  
Kyle Wasserberger ◽  
Anne de Swart ◽  
Kenzie Friesen ◽  
Jessica Downs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Acceleration Phase ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Relationship

Context Inadequate hip range of motion (ROM) and isometric strength (ISO) may interfere with energy flow through the kinetic chain and result in increased injury susceptibility. Objective To examine the relationship of hip ROM and ISO with energy flow through the trunk and pitching-arm segments during the windmill softball pitch in youth athletes. A subsequent purpose was to examine the relationship between energy flow and pitch speed. Design Descriptive laboratory study. Setting University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants A sample of 29 youth softball pitchers (age = 11.2 ± 1.3 years, height = 155.0 ± 10.4 cm, mass = 53.2 ± 12.6 kg). Main Outcome Measure(s) Bilateral hip internal-rotation and external-rotation (ER) ROM and ISO were measured. Net energy outflow and peak rates of energy outflow from the distal ends of the trunk, humerus, and forearm were calculated for the acceleration phase of the windmill softball pitch, and pitch speed was measured. Results Regression analysis revealed an effect of drive-hip ER ISO on the net energy flow out of the distal ends of the trunk (P = .045) and humerus (P = .002). Specifically, increased drive-hip ER ISO was associated with increased net energy outflow from the trunk to the humerus and from the humerus to the forearm. No significant effects of hip ROM or other hip ISO measures were observed. Additionally, pitchers who achieved higher peak rates of distal outflow tended to achieve higher pitch speeds. Conclusions An association was present between drive-hip ER ISO and the net energy flow out of the distal ends of the trunk and humerus during the acceleration phase of the windmill softball pitch, emphasizing the importance of hip and lower body strength in executing the whole-body windmill pitch. Overall, energy-flow analysis is an interesting new way to analyze pitching mechanics and will aid in furthering our understanding of performance and injury risk in windmill softball pitching.

scholarly journals Passive Hip Range-of-Motion Values Across Sex and Sport

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Hogg ◽  
Randy J. Schmitz ◽  
Anh-Dung Nguyen ◽  
Sandra J. Shultz
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Valgus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Cross Country

Context:  Greater passive hip range of motion (ROM) has been associated with greater dynamic knee valgus and thus the potential for increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Normative data for passive hip ROM by sex are lacking. Objective:  To establish and compare passive hip ROM values by sex and sport and to quantify side-to-side differences in internal-rotation ROM (ROMIR), external-rotation ROM (ROMER), and total ROM (ROMTOT). Design:  Cross-sectional study. Setting:  Station-based, preparticipation screening. Patients or Other Participants:  A total of 339 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes, consisting of 168 women (age = 19.2 ± 1.2 years, height = 169.0 ± 7.2 cm, mass = 65.3 ± 10.2 kg) and 171 men (age = 19.4 ± 1.3 years, height = 200.0 ± 8.6 cm, mass = 78.4 ± 12.0 kg) in 6 sports screened over 3 years: soccer (58 women, 67 men), tennis (20 women, 22 men), basketball (28 women, 22 men), softball or baseball (38 women, 31 men), cross-country (18 women, 19 men), and golf (6 women, 10 men). Main Outcome Measure(s):  Passive hip ROM was measured with the athlete lying prone with the hip abducted to 20° to 30° and knee flexed to 90°. The leg was passively internally and externally rotated until the point of sacral movement. Three measures were averaged for each direction and leg and used for analysis. We compared ROMIR, ROMER, ROMTOT (ROMTOT = ROMIR + ROMER), and relative ROM (ROMREL = ROMIR − ROMER) between sexes and among sports using separate 2 × 6 repeated-measures analyses of variance. Results:  Women had greater ROMIR (38.1° ± 8.2° versus 28.6° ± 8.4°; F1,327 = 91.74, P < .001), ROMTOT (72.1° ± 10.6° versus 64.4° ± 10.1°; F1,327 = 33.47, P < .001), and ROMREL (1.5° ± 16.0° versus −7.6° ± 16.5°; F1,327 = 37.05, P < .001) than men but similar ROMER (34.0° ± 12.2° versus 35.8° ± 11.5°; F1,327 = 1.65, P = .20) to men. Cross-country athletes exhibited greater ROMIR (37.0° ± 9.3° versus 30.9° ± 9.4° to 33.3° ± 9.5°; P = .001) and ROMREL (5.9° ± 18.3° versus −9.6° ± 16.9° to −2.7° ± 17.3°; P = .001) and less ROMER (25.7° ± 7.5° versus 35.0° ± 13.0° to 40.2° ± 12.0°; P < .001) than basketball, soccer, softball or baseball, and tennis athletes. They also displayed less ROMTOT (62.7° ± 8.1° versus 70.0° ± 9.1° to 72.9° ± 11.9°; P < .001) than basketball, softball or baseball, and tennis athletes. Conclusions:  Women had greater ROMIR than men, resulting in greater ROMTOT and ROMREL. Researchers should examine the extent to which this greater bias toward ROMIR may explain women's greater tendency for dynamic knee valgus. With the exception of cross-country, ROM values were similar across sports. The clinical implications of these aberrant cross-country values require further study.

Effects of Hip Range of Motion and Isometric Strength on Energy Flow during Windmill Softball Pitching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen D. Oliver ◽  
Kyle Wasserberger ◽  
Anne de Swart ◽  
Kenzie Friesen ◽  
Jessica Downs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Acceleration Phase ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context:Inadequate hip range of motion (ROM) and isometric strength (ISO) may interfere with energy flow through the kinetic chain and result in increased injury susceptibility. Objective:To examine the relationship of hip ROM and ISO with energy flow through the trunk and pitching arm segments during the windmill softball pitch in youth athletes. A subsequent purpose was to examine the relationship between energy flow and pitch speed. Design:Descriptive laboratory study. Setting:University research laboratory. Participants:A sample of 29 youth softball pitchers (11.2±1.3 yrs.; 155.0±10.4 cm; 53.2±12.6 kg). Main Outcome Measure(s):Bilateral hip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) ROM and ISO were measured. Net energy outflow and peak rates of energy outflow from the distal ends of the trunk, humerus, and forearm were calculated for the acceleration phase of the windmill softball pitch, and pitch speed was measured. Results:Regression analysis revealed a significant effect of drive hip ER ISO on the net energy flow out of the distal ends of the trunk (p=0.045) and humerus (p=0.002). Specifically, increased drive hip ER ISO was associated with increased net energy outflow from the trunk to the humerus and from the humerus to the forearm. No significant effects of hip ROM or other hip ISO measures were observed. Additionally, pitchers who achieved higher peak rates of distal outflow tended to also achieve higher pitch speeds. Conclusions:There is an association between drive hip ER ISO and the net energy flow out of the distal ends of the trunk and humerus during the acceleration phase of the windmill softball pitch, emphasizing the importance of hip and lower body strength in the execution of the whole-body windmill pitch. Overall, energy flow analysis is an interesting new way to analyze pitching mechanics and will aid in further understanding of performance and injury risk in windmill softball pitching.

Influence of a Pre-throwing Protocol on Range of Motion and Strength in Baseball Athletes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Downs ◽  
Kyle Wasserberger ◽  
Gretchen D. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Isometric Strength ◽  
Intervention Teams ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Control Team ◽  
Overhand Throwing ◽  
Intervention Team ◽  
Shoulder Range

AbstractThough chronic overhand throwing is known to result in range of motion and strength adaptations, there is limited research regarding interventions for maintenance of these characteristics. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to explore the use of a pre-throwing protocol focusing on lumbopelvic-hip complex musculature in high school baseball players and examine its effects on shoulder and hip range of motion and isometric strength over the course of a season. Four exercises were added to the intervention team’s warm-up routine. The control and intervention teams’ passive bilateral hip and shoulder range of motion and isometric strength were assessed pre/post-season. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant differences in delta scores between the teams for multiple shoulder and hip range of motion and isometric strength variables. Key results were the intervention team lost significantly more stride hip external rotation but gained more isometric strength than the control team. The intervention team was also able to better maintain shoulder range of motion than the control team. Practitioners should use the results of this study and consider incorporating exercises that target lumbopelvic-hip complex musculature into their current training program.

scholarly journals Differences in the Flexion and Extension Phases during Kneeling Investigated by Kinematic and Contact Point Analyses: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Nakazoe ◽  
Akihiko Yonekura ◽  
Hiroyuki Takita ◽  
Takeshi Miyaji ◽  
Narihiro Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Extension Phase ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration Method ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Abstract Background: Kneeling is necessary for certain religious and ceremonial occasions, crouching work, and gardening, which many people take part in worldwide. However, there have been few reports regarding kneeling activities. The purpose of this study was to clarify the kinematics of kneeling.Methods: The subjects were 15 healthy young males. Kneeling activity was analysed within a knee flexion angle from 100° to maximum flexion (maxflex, mean ± SD = 161.3 ± 3.2°). The kinematic and contact point (CP) analyses were performed using a 2D/3D registration method, in which a 3D bone model created from computed tomography images was matched to knee lateral fluoroscopic images and analysed on a personal computer.Results: In the kinematic analysis, the femur translated 37.5 mm posteriorly and rotated 19.8° externally relative to the tibia during the knee flexion phase. During the knee extension phase, the femur translated 36.4 mm anteriorly, which was almost the same amount as in the knee flexion phase. However, the femur rotated only 7.4° internally during the knee extension phase. In the CP analysis, the amount of anterior translation of the CP in the knee extension phase was greater in the medial CP and smaller in the lateral CP than that of posterior translation in the knee flexion phase.Conclusions: In kneeling, there was a difference in the rotational kinematics between the flexion phase and the extension phase. The kinematic difference between the flexion and extension phases may have some effect on the meniscus and articular cartilage.

scholarly journals The immediate effect of ipsilateral and contralateral sacroiliac joint manipulation on the hip range of motion and kicking velocity in soccer players

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zia ul Mustafa Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Sacroiliac Joint ◽  
Ordinal Data ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
The Right

Background There is a close biomechanical relationship that exists between the sacroiliac and hip joints. It is essential to have optimum hip range of motion originating from the pelvis in both the kicking and support limbs as both limbs play a role in achieving a high speed kicking velocity. Due to the strenuous activity of soccer players, both hip ranges of motion may be decreased, thus predisposing the player to injuries. This may also affect the kicking velocity. The effects of sacroiliac joint manipulation on hip range of motion and kicking velocity were investigated. Objectives The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ipsilateral sacroiliac joint manipulation versus contralateral sacroiliac joint manipulation on bilateral hip range of motion and kicking velocity. Methods There were three groups of twenty soccer players. The ipsilateral sacroiliac joint manipulation group, the contralateral sacroiliac joint manipulation group, and the sham laser intervention group. The case history, physical, regional, lumbar and hip exams were done in the Chiropractic Day Clinic. The hip ranges of motion were measured pre- and post- Chiropractic manipulation in all three groups on both limbs in the Fred Crookes Sports Centre (Durban University of Technology). Hip ranges of motion were measured by the Saunders (The Saunders Group, Chaska, MN) digital inclinometer. The kicking velocity of all players were measured pre- and post- manipulation by a speed sport radar gun (Bushnell Speedster Speed Gun; Bushnell Inc, Lenexa, KS). This was a purposive, investigational study trial where the data was reduced and analysed with the help of a statistician, using the statistical software SPSS version 20.0.The statistical aspect of the research encompassed the following: descriptive statistics used Fischer values, Eta tests, frequency, cross-tabulation tables and various types of graphs (bar charts, scatter graphs etc.); Inferential statistics used Pearson’s and/or Spearman’s correlations at a significance level of 0.05; testing of hypotheses used chi-square tests for nominal data and ordinal data at a level of significance of 0.05. Results The ipsilateral group showed statistically significant results for the right hip in flexion, extension, internal rotation and external rotation, as well as for extension, internal rotation and external rotation in the left hip. The contralateral group showed statistically significant results for the right hip in extension, internal rotation and external rotation, as well as for extension and internal rotation in the left hip. There was a statistically significant improvement in the kicking velocity of the ipsilateral and contralateral group after treatment. There was a strong association between the perception changes to the actual kicking velocity in the soccer players. There was a correlation between the change in hip range of motion and change in kicking velocity, however statistically it was not significant. Conclusion The manipulation of ipsilateral or contralateral sacroiliac joint has an effect on the right and left hip range of motion

scholarly journals Reliability of hip range of motion measurement among experienced arthroscopic hip preservation surgeons

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D Harris ◽  
Richard C Mather ◽  
Shane J Nho ◽  
John P Salvo ◽  
Allston J Stubbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Motion Measurement ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Asymptomatic Volunteers ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
Hip Internal Rotation ◽  
Intra Class Correlation Coefficient

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine (i) the reliability of hip range of motion measurement among experienced arthroscopic hip preservation surgeons and (ii) the magnitude of hip flexion change with posterior pelvic tilt. Five experienced arthroscopic hip preservation surgeons (5–18 years of hip surgery experience) performed passive hip range of motion (internal and external rotation), flexion (contralateral hip extended) and flexion with posterior pelvic tilt (contralateral hip maximally flexed) on five young healthy asymptomatic volunteers (three males, two females; 34.4 ± 10.7 years of age). Motion was measured via digital photography and goniometry. Inter-observer reliability was calculated via two-way mixed, single measures, intra-class correlation coefficient. Paired t-test was utilized to compare hip flexion (with contralateral hip extended) to hip flexion with posterior pelvic tilt (with contralateral hip in forced flexion). The reliabilities of measurements of hip flexion with posterior pelvic tilt and external rotation were excellent, that of hip flexion was fair, and that of hip internal rotation was poor. The magnitude of hip flexion increase with posterior pelvic tilt was 17.0° ± 3.0° (P < 0.001). The reliability of hip range of motion measurement by five experienced arthroscopic hip preservation surgeons was excellent for measures of hip flexion with posterior pelvic tilt and external rotation. Contralateral maximal hip flexion significantly increased ipsilateral hip flexion (approximately 17°). Level of Evidence: Diagnostic, level III (without consistently applied reference standard)

Comparison of Kinematic and Temporal Parameters between Different Pitch Velocity Groups

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Matsuo ◽  
Rafael F. Escamilla ◽  
Glenn S. Fleisig ◽  
Steven W. Barrentine ◽  
James R. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Ball Release ◽  
Knee Movement ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation

This study investigated differences in kinematic and temporal parameters between two velocity groups of baseball pitchers. Data were collected from 127 healthy college and professional baseball pitchers. Those who threw faster than 1 SD above the sample mean (>38.0 m/s) were assigned to the high velocity group (n = 29), and those who threw slower than 1 SD below the sample mean (<34.2 m/s) were assigned to the low velocity group (n = 23). Twelve kinematic parameters and 9 temporal parameters were measured and analyzed. The pattern of lead knee movement was also investigated. Maximum shoulder external rotation, forward trunk tilt at the instant of ball release, and lead knee extension angular velocity at the instant of ball release were significantly greater in the high velocity group. Maximum lead knee flexion angular velocity was significantly greater in the low velocity group. Seventy percent of the high velocity group showed knee extension during the approach to ball release, whereas the low velocity group showed a variety of knee movement patterns involving less knee extension and more knee flexion. The greater shoulder external rotation in the high velocity group produced an increased range of motion during the acceleration phase.

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