Property Rights Through Social Movements: The Case of Plantations in Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-168
Author(s):  
Deepa Kylasam Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Title Deed ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Land Use Rights

Globally, increased investor interest in land is confronting various types of political mobilisations from communities at the grassroots level. This article examines the case study of a land occupation movement called Chengara struggle in the largest corporate plantation in southern India. The movement is led by the historically dispossessed scheduled caste and scheduled tribe communities. The objective of the study is to understand the type of institutional transformation of property rights that the movement is calibrating. Institutional theory is used to determine the nature and direction of transformation using the framework of economic and political transaction costs. The article concludes that the central demand of the struggle for individual title deed has higher private gains for right-holders, but has overall negative gains for agricultural productivity. The article concludes that productivity-oriented demands to restructure land-use rights within plantations might converge in the land struggles of the future.

scholarly journals A Practical Comparison of Regionalized Land Use and Biodiversity Life Cycle Impact Assessment Models Using Livestock Production as a Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Teixeira ◽  
Tiago Morais ◽  
Tiago Domingos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Impact Assessment ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Life Cycle Impact

Land use is increasingly important for impact assessment in life cycle assessment (LCA). Its impacts on biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services are crucial to depict the environmental performance of products. Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) models are commonly selected by consensus through processes frequently misinformed by the absence of practical application studies. Here, we performed an assessment of all free and peer-reviewed LCIA models for land use. We started with spatial correlation analysis at the country scale. Models that use the same indicators are strongly correlated, suggesting that regionalization is no longer a decisive issue in model selection. We applied these models in a case study for cattle production where feeds are replaced by sown biodiverse pastures (SBP). We tested (1) a non-regionalized inventory from an LCA database and, (2) a regionalized inventory that explicit considered the locations of land occupation and transformation. We found the same qualitative result: the installation of SBP avoids impacts due to feed substitution. Each hectare of SBP installed avoids the occupation of 0.5 hectares per year for feed ingredient production. Adding inventory regionalization for 70% of land use flows leads to a change of 15% in results, suggesting limited spatial differentiation between country-level characterization factors.

Real Property Security Interests in Nigeria: Constraints of the Land Use Act

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Emmanuel O. Nwabuzor
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Secured Transactions ◽  
Efficiency Theory ◽  
Efficient Regime ◽  
The Cost

The modern idea of secured transactions is based on the notion of economic efficiency, which implies the minimization of transaction costs while ensuring optimal returns. The efficiency theory posits that unclear definitions and unprotected allocation of property rights inhibit the production of wealth, because they raise the transaction costs of land and impede exchange. The more precisely property rights are stated and assigned, the lower the cost of establishing ownership, and the extent of one's interest in any given piece of land.1 Proceeding from the efficiency theory, contemporary commercial practice is not willing to accommodate the ancient, unnecessarily complicated system of conveyancing, which makes the taking of security in real property expensive. Thus, an efficient regime of secured transactions should be simple, fast, cheap and predictable.

scholarly journals The Forgotten Property Rights: Evidence on Land Use Rights in Vietnam

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Markussen ◽  
Finn Tarp ◽  
Katleen Van Den Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Land Use Rights

scholarly journals The Competing Social and Environmental Functions of Private Urban Land: The Case of an Informal Land Occupation in São Paulo’s South Periphery

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pimentel Walker ◽  
María Arquero de Alarcón
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
The Right ◽  
Environmental Functions

This article examines the role of legal actors in mediating urban land conflicts involving informal settlements and the social and environmental functions of private property. This problem reveals the challenges of conciliating two constitutional rights—the right to adequate housing and the right to a healthy environment. Methods include an analysis of the urban policy and legal framework regulating environmental protection, housing provision, property rights, and land use law. The legal case analysis of Ocupação Anchieta, a young land occupation in São Paulo’s periphery, offers additional evidence through interviews with key informants, fieldwork including household surveys, participatory planning meetings, direct observation, and mapping of existing conditions. Findings demonstrate that private property rights continue to have uncontested power in the legal system, especially during the first years of an informal settlement. Furthermore, planning regulations do little to help young land occupations, vis-à-vis consolidated informal settlements, in establishing sustainable practices from the beginning. Peripheral urbanisation through informal land occupations of environmentally protected areas remains one of the most pressing problems of the Global South. Thus, legal actors and planners should develop land use laws, urban policy, and mechanisms of private property conflict mediation that distinguish between young land occupations and consolidated informal settlements.

scholarly journals Historical Changes of Land Tenure and Land Use Rights in a Local Community: A Case Study in Lao PDR

Land ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saykham Boutthavong ◽  
Kimihiko Hyakumura ◽  
Makoto Ehara ◽  
Takahiro Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Historical Changes ◽  
Land Use Rights

scholarly journals More Than “Peasants Without Land”: Individualisation and Identity Formation of Landless Peasants in the Process of China’s State-Led Rural Urbanisation

2020 ◽  
pp. 186810262091500
Author(s):  
Isabel Heger
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Land Use Rights

In the course of state-led rural urbanisation over the past few decades, millions of Chinese peasants have been expropriated and relocated. Based on the understanding of these “landless peasants” as a heterogeneous social group connected mainly by the fact that its members had to give up their land-use rights, this article sets out to examine subsequent processes of identity formation. Drawing on Beck’s individualisation thesis, I suggest that structural and institutional changes in the process of rural modernisation have initiated a further thrust of individualisation in people’s lives which manifests not only in the objective domain of life situations but also in the subjective domain of identity. This hypothesis is substantiated through an ethnographic case study based on seven months of fieldwork (2016–2018) in Huaming Model Town in the Dongli District of Tianjin. As a first step towards conceptualising what landless peasants are becoming, I will propose to start focusing on recombinant identities and class differentiations evolving among the people.

scholarly journals FORMS OF MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN: SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL BASIS OF ITS EFFECTIVENESS

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Dilorom Tadjibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Definition Of

During the early years of independence (1990s), agricultural and institutional changes in Uzbekistan were made based on the specific characteristics of our country. During transformation, almost nothing has changed in terms of effectivity in regards to transformation of state farms to collective farms still did not make these farms profitable. Only with the formation of dehkan farms (a form of individual farming) after 2004 did agricultural entities started becoming profitable. How can this be explained? Why are these agricultural forms of management more efficient and coincide with the mentality of our population? In this article, using the neo-institutional theory, we have discussed these questions in an attempt to answer these questions by justifying a theoretical point. This theory shows that major issue property rights and transaction costs play main role in the definition of forms of farms management. Statistical analysis of transaction costs and local specifics resulted in a conclusion that the dehkan farming form has significant advantages.

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